Berbamunine synthase
In enzymology, berbamunine synthase (EC 1.14.19.66, Formerly EC 1.1.3.34 and EC 1.14.21.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the combination of two benzylisoquinoline alkaloids
-N-methylcoclaurine.svg.png)
-N-methylcoclaurine.svg.png)
The enzyme has a cofactor, a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate in combination with a hemoprotein, which allows it to use molecular oxygen to oxidatively combine the alkaloid substrates.[1][2][3]
It can combine related alkaloids differing only in the degree of methylation of the phenolic oxygens. For example, (S)-coclaurine also reacts with (R)-N-methylcoclaurine to give 2'-norberbamunine and dimerisation of (R)-N-methylcoclaurine gives guattegaumerine.[1][3]
| berbamunine synthase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 1.14.19.66 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 144941-42-4 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases and its systematic name is (S)-N-methylcoclaurine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (C-O phenol-coupling). It is also called (S)-N-methylcoclaurine oxidase (C-O phenol-coupling). It was first isolated from Berberis stolonifera and participates in alkaloid biosynthesis.[2][3]
References
- ^ a b Enzyme 1.14.19.66) at KEGG Pathway Database.
- ^ a b Stadler R, Zenk MH (1993). "The purification and characterization of a unique cytochrome P-450 enzyme from Berberis stolonifera plant cell cultures". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (2): 823–31. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)54008-4. PMID 8380416.
- ^ a b c Tian Y, Kong L, Li Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, An Z, Ma Y, Tian L, Duan B, Sun W, Gao R, Chen S, Xu Z (November 2024). "Structural diversity, evolutionary origin, and metabolic engineering of plant specialized benzylisoquinoline alkaloids". Natural Product Reports. 41 (11): 1787–1810. doi:10.1039/d4np00029c. PMID 39360417.