Interval signal


% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ukg-bbcws_b_interval_signal_170701.mp3
<<
  \new Staff="bbc"<<
    {b'2 2 c''1}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.7{<g' d'>2 2 <g' e'>1}
  >>
  \new Lyrics \with{alignAboveContext="bbc"} \lyricsto "1"{B -- B -- C}
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=106 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
Historical interval signal of the BBC

An interval signal, or tuning signal, is a characteristic sound or musical phrase used in international broadcasting, numbers stations, and by some domestic broadcasters, played before commencement or during breaks in transmission, but most commonly between programs in different languages.

It serves several purposes:

  • It helps a listener using a radio with an analog tuner to find the correct frequency.
  • It informs other stations that the frequency is in use.
  • It serves as a station identifier even if the language used in the subsequent broadcast is not one the listener understands.

The practice began in Europe in the 1920s and 1930s and was carried over into shortwave broadcasts. The use of interval signals has declined with the advent of digital tuning systems, but has not vanished. Interval signals were not required on commercial channels in the United States, where jingles were used as identification.

List of interval signals by station

Interval signals
Radio station Playable sound
Angola Rádio Nacional de Angola:
\header{tagline=##f}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/agl-rna_international_200216.mp3
#(define angola (alist->hash-table '(
  (hiconga () #f 5) (loconga () #f 3) (chinesecymbal cross #f -3)
  (vibraslap triangle #f -3) (cabasa cross #f -5))))
main = \new DrumStaff<<\drummode{
  \stopStaff
  \override Staff.StaffSymbol.line-positions = #'(-4 4)
  \startStaff
  \set DrumStaff.drumStyleTable = #angola \time 12/8
  \grace{cgh16*3} 8 8 8 \grace{cgh16} 8 8 8 cgl cgh8 8 cgl cgh r
  \grace{cgh16*3} 8 8 8 \grace{cgh16} 8 8 8 cgl8 8 8 8 \grace{16} 8 8
  \repeat volta 4{
    cgl8 cgh r cgh cgl \grace{cgl16} 8 8 r cgl8 8 \grace{16} 8 8
  }
}\\ \drummode{
  s1. s2. r4. r8 cymch4 \repeat volta 4{r8 cab4 4. r4. r8 vibs4}
}>>
\score{\main
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 
  \context{\DrumStaff \magnifyStaff 0.7}
}
}
\score{\unfoldRepeats \main \midi{\tempo 4.=118}}

Rádio Nacional de Angola

Argentina Radiodifusión Argentina al Exterior: First eight notes of "Mi Buenos Aires querido" by Carlos Gardel, followed by people saying the station's name in eight languages.
\header{ title = "Radiodifusión Argentina al Exterior" }

\relative{
  \key d \minor \time 3/4 f''2 e8 d f2 e8 d f2 d4~ \hideNotes 2
}
\midi{\tempo 4=84 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
Bangladesh Bangladesh Betar: A tune composed by Samar Das.
\header{tagline = ##f title="Interval signal for Radio Bangladesh"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/bgd-rb_mymensingh_220424.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "violin"
  \key bes \major \time 3/4 \grace{s16}
  s4 s \grace{g'16 f es} f4 d'2.
  bes8 c d bes c d bes4 f'2
}
acco = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "sitar"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
  \key bes \minor
  \clef bass \grace{s16\sustainOn}
  \repeat unfold 4{\tuplet 5/3{f,4 bes,, bes, f f}}
  s8
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<\main \new Staff \acco>>
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 60}
}
Belarus Radio Belarus: "Motherland, my dear" (Belarusian: be:Радзіма мая дарагая, Russian: Родина моя дорогая) by Vladimir Olovnikov and Ales Bachyla.
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Belarus"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/blr-radio_station_belarus_160906.mp3
#(define mydrums (alist->hash-table '(
  (hiconga () #f 0) (mutehiconga cross #f 0)
  (loconga () #f -1) (cabasa triangle #f 1))))
common = {\key d \major \partial 8}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "fx 5 (brightness)"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
  \clef "treble^(8)"
  \common a''8 4 fis4 r8 d b' a16 g a4 fis4~ \hideNotes 4
}
acco = <<
\new Staff{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "pad 3 (polysynth)"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.5
  \common r8 <a d'~ fis'>2. <b d'~ g'>4 <a d' fis'>2.
}
\new Staff \relative{
  {
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
    \common \tuplet 6/4{cis'64 d e fis g a b cis d e fis g}
  }
  \new Voice{
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.5
    a,16 fis d a d a' d, e' d a fis d a fis' d a
  }
  \new Voice{
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "fx 5 (brightness)"
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.4
    <d' d'>4 <e a>4~ <e a>16 \tuplet 3/2{<d g>32 <cis fis> <b e>} <a d>8
  }
}
\drums {
  \stopStaff
  \override Staff.StaffSymbol.line-positions = #'(0)
  \startStaff
  \set DrumStaff.drumStyleTable = #mydrums
  \common r8
  cab8 cghm16 cgh cgl8 cab16 cghm cab cghm16 16 16 cab cghm8 cgh16
  cgh8 cghm16 16 cab8 cghm16 16 cab8 16 cgh cgl8
}
>>
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4 = 66}}
Brazil Rádio Brasil Internacional: Xylophone version of "Brazilian Flag Anthem" (Brazilian Portuguese: Hino à Bandeira Nacional) by Francisco Braga and Olavo Bilac.
Bulgaria Radio Bulgaria:
\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio Sofia"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/bul-z-radio_sofia_1964.mp3
% http://my.reset.jp/~fairuzyy/bulgaria.rm
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \clef "treble^(8)"
  \key as \major
  \time 2/4
  \omit Script
  c'''4.-_ bes8-. as8.-_ g16 as8-. f-. es4.-_ f8-. es2
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "clarinet"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
  \key as \major
  <<
  {<es'' es,>4. es8 <f f,>8. <es g,>16 <des as>8-. <bes g>-. <c as>8. bes16 as8-. <des es,>8-. <c as>2}
  \\
  {as,4 c des8. es16 f8-. des-. c4. es8-. as,2}
  >>
  s8
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<
    \main
    \new Staff \acco
  >>
  \midi {\tempo 4 = 76}
}
Burkina Faso Radio Burkina:
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Burkina"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/bfa-radio_burkina_100812.mp3
#(define mydrums (alist->hash-table '(
  (hihat cross #f 5) (openhihat xcircle #f 5)
  (snare () #f 1) (sidestick cross #f 1)
  (mutehiconga diamond #f -1) (hiconga diamond #f -2)
  (loconga diamond #f -3) (bassdrum () #f -5))))
common = {\key c \minor \time 12/8}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "flute"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common
  \repeat volta 2{
  <<{
    es''8 8 8 8 f r r g, c es g, g
    f'4 es c r8 g c es g f
  }\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
    bes,8 8 8 8 c s s4. s4.
    c4 bes g s4. s4.
  }\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
    g''8 g g g as s s4. s4.
    g4 f es s4. s4.
  }>>
  }
}
acco = <<
  \new Staff \relative{
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "marimba"
    \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.8 \common
    \repeat volta 2{
    <c'' c,>4 <es es,> <f f,> r8 es f f <f es,> <f es,>
    <c c,>4 <es es,> <g g, c,> r8 es g g <g es,> <g es,>
    }
  }
  \drums{
    \set DrumStaff.drumStyleTable = #mydrums
    \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.8
    \repeat volta 2{ \repeat percent 2{
    <<
      {ss8 8 8 hho <hh sn> hh ss8 8 8 8 sn ss}\\
      {bd4 8 4. r4 bd8 4.}\\
      {\shiftOff \hide Stem s4 cgl8 8 cgh8 8 s cghm4 4 s8}
    >>
    }}
  }
>>
\score{\main \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{\unfoldRepeats <<\main \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4.=115}}
 China

China National Radio and China Radio International: Chime version of March of the Volunteers (义勇军进行曲).

\header{ title = "China National Radio" }
{
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/chn-cnr2_140311.mp3
\clef "treble^(8)" \key d \major
\set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"
d''4.\omit\sustainOn fis''8 a''4 4 b''2 <a'' fis''>
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 114}
\header{ title = "China Radio International" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/chn-cri_070104.mp3
\relative<<
  {\key g \major g'4. b8 d4 d e2 d s8_"//"}\\
  {d,2 g b b}
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=90 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}
CRI Indonesian Radio (and Radio Peking, predecessor of China Radio International): 东方红 ("The East Is Red").
\header{tagline=##f title="CRI Indonesian"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/chn-z-radio_peking_cm_c1980.mp3
% https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEqwR2cHJ-Y&t=6m03s#2024
common = {\key g \major \time 2/4}
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common d'''4 d8 e a,2 g4 8 e a2 s4_"//"
}
acco = {
  \clef treble \common g'2 <d' fis''> <b' e''> <d' fis''>
}
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=45 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"}
}
Voice of the Strait News Radio: Bell version of "Three Rules of Discipline and Eight Points for Attention" (三大纪律八项注意).
\header{ title = "Interval signal for Voice of the Strait" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/chn-vos_news_301113.mp3
{
  \clef "treble_(8)" \key b \major
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"
  fis2.\omit\sustainOn gis4 b2 b gis4 b gis e fis1
}
\midi{\tempo 4=68}
Cuba Radio Habana Cuba: Refrain of "March of the 26th of July" (es:La Marcha del 26 de Julio) by Agustín Díaz Cartaya.
\header{ title = "Radio Habana Cuba" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/cub-radio_havana_070907.mp3
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "music box"
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key g \major \partial 4 
  d''8. d16 b'4 g2 d'4 e b2
}
\addlyrics {A -- de -- lan -- te cu -- ba -- nos}
\addlyrics {lim -- pi -- an -- do con fue -- go}
\midi{\tempo 4=57}
Denmark DR P1: "Drømte mig en drøm i nat", played on metallophone.[1]
\header{ title = "Interval signal for DR P1" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/dnk-dr_243kHz_290817.mp3
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key d \minor \time 3/4
  f''2 a4 g2 a4 f2 e4 d2 f4 a2 4 2 f4 d2.
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=80}
Ethiopia Radio Ethiopia:
\header{ title = "Radio Ethiopia" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/eth-ebc_national_amharic_060914.mp3
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "kalimba"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #1.1 \key d \major \time 12/8
  <<
  {e''8 r e r e e fis16 e d e d8~ 4. d8 r d r d8 8 fis16 e d e d8~ 4.}\\
  {e,8 r e r e e8~ 4. b16 d e fis a b d,8 r d r d d8~ 4. b16 d e fis a b}
  >>
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.8}}
\midi{\tempo 4.=80}
France Radio France Internationale: Electronic-disco, culminating in the last 8 measures of "La Marseillaise".
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio France Internationale"}
% https://youtu.be/t2Kj3haNb-M?t=2m24s
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "synthbrass 1"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.55
  a'1 cis d4. e fis4 b,2. fis'4 e2~ 8 cis d b a1 s8_"//"
}
acco = <<
\new Staff \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "fx 5 (brightness)"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.25 \clef "treble^(8)"
  \repeat percent 6{e'''16 e e e e,8 e'16 e, e' e, e'8 e, e}
}
\new Staff{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "synthbrass 2"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.4 \clef bass
  <<{<d' a>1~ 1~ 1~ 1~ 1~ 1}\\{g1~ 1 fis1~ 1 g1~ 1}>>
}
\new Staff \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "slap bass 2"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \clef "bass_(8)"
  \repeat percent 3{a,,4 a'8-. r r4 r8 g,8 a4 a'8-. g,8 r g a'-. a,-.}
}
\drums{
  \repeat percent 6{<<{hh8 8 sn hh8 8 8 sn hh}\\{bd4 4 8 8 r bd8}>>}
}
>>
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \unfoldRepeats \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=122}}
Germany Deutsche Welle: "Es sucht der Bruder seine Brüder" from Fidelio (Act2 No.16 Finale. Heil sei dem Tag!) by Ludwig van Beethoven.
\header{tagline=##f title="Interval signal for DW"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-dw_1999.mp3
main = \relative{\partial 4 g''4 4. e8 g f d g a8. g16 2 \fermata}
acco = {\partial 4 s4 <c'~ e' c''>2 <c'~ f' b'> <c' e' c''\fermata>2.}
\score{
<<
  \new Staff="Fernando"<<\main \\ \acco>>
  \new Lyrics \with{alignAboveContext="Fernando"}
    \lyricsto "1"{Es sucht der Bru -- der sei -- ne Brü -- _ der}
>>
}
\score{
<<
  <<\main \\ \acco>>
  \new Staff{
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta" \transpose c c' \main
  }
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=66}
}
Greece Voice of Greece: "The Little Shepherd" (el:Ο Τσομπανάκος), played on floghera.[2]
\header{tagline=##f title="Interval signal for Voice of Greece"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/grc-era_chania_101014.mp3
main = \relative{
  \cadenzaOn \time 2/2 \key g \minor
  g'4 g \bar "|" d' d d d \bar "|"
  \tag #'mA {
    f16\trill[( e d8])~ d2.*4/3\fermata s4 \bar "|"
    cis4\trill bes4 cis4\trill bes4
  }
  \tag #'mB {
    \tuplet 6/4{f'16 g f e d8~} d2.*4/3\fermata s4 \bar "|"
    \tuplet 11/8{\repeat unfold 5{cis32*13/11 d} cis} bes4*9/11
    \tuplet 9/8{\repeat unfold 4{cis32 d} cis} bes4
  }
  \bar "|" g4 4 2*3\fermata s8
}
\score{\keepWithTag #'mA \main
\addlyrics{Tso -- pa -- na -- kos i -- mou -- na __}
}
\score{\keepWithTag #'mB \main
\midi{\tempo 2=60 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "flute"}
}
India All India Radio: A tune composed by Walter Kaufmann or Thakur Balwant Singh, used since 1936.[3]
\header{tagline=##f title="Interval signal for All India Radio"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ind-z-air_external_rvd_c1965.mp3
common = {\key fis \minor}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "violin" \common \grace{s8}
  s2 s4 s8. a''32 gis a2.~ 8 gis16 fis dis2.~ 16 gis fis dis
  cis4~ 16 dis fis dis cis2~ 1
}
acco = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "sitar"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6 \common \clef bass
  \grace{s8\sustainOn} \repeat unfold 5{fis,4 cis fis cis} s8\sustainOff
}
\score{\main \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=91}}
Indonesia Indonesia
\header{tagline=##f title="RRI Programa 3"}
% 0:12 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ins-rri_pro3_300725.mp3
common = {\key b \major \partial 2}
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common
  dis''4 fis e4. fis8 ais2~ 2 e4 fis dis4. fis8 b2~ 2 s8_"//"
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
  \clef bass \common
  \voices 1,4,2<<
    {a'2 gis4. fis8 e4. fis8 ais2. fis4 g4. fis8 dis4. fis8 b2}\\
    {bis,4 dis cis4. dis8 cis2 e2 cis8 b ais cis b1 dis2}\\
    {bis,2 cis2 fis,2~ 1 b1~ 2}
  >>
}
\score{\main \addlyrics{Me -- mu -- ja pu -- lau}}
\score{
<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=70 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"}
}

RRI Regional: "Love Ambon" by George de Fretes

\header{tagline=##f title="RRI Regional"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ins-rri2_banda_aceh_150915.mp3
common = {\partial 2}
\score{
  \relative{\common g4^"ad lib." c e2. c4 g c8 e a4. g8 e1 c2 s8_"//"}
}
\score{
<<
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric guitar (jazz)"
  \common g4 <c e,>
  <e g,>4. 4 4 <c e,>8 <g e>8. <c e,>8. <e b>8 <a f>4. <g e>8
  <e c>4. <e g,>4 4 <c e,>8~ 8 4 
}
\new Staff \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (nylon)"
  \clef "treble_(8)"
  \common r2
  <<{
    \repeat unfold 12{<e' c'>8} <a f'>8 8 8 8 \repeat unfold 11{<e c'>}
  }\\{
    c,2 g c f4 a, c2 g c
  }>>
}
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=88}
}

RRI Voice of Indonesia: "Feeling of Love" (Rasa Sayang).

Republic of Ireland RTÉ Radio 1: 2nd segment of "O'Donnell Forever" (O'Donnell Abú).[4]
\header{tagline=##f title="RTÉ Radio 1"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/irl-rte1_240308.mp3
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \time 2/4
  c''4 e8. f16 g4 g8. g16 e'4 c8. a16 g4 f8 e d4 d'8. c16 b8 g a b c4 c8. d16 c4 r
}
acco = \relative{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.5 \clef "treble^(8)"
  r1 \grace{c''16\sustainOn g'}g'4 r\sustainOff r2
  \grace{a,16\sustainOn d}f4 r\sustainOff \grace{g,,16\sustainOn g' d'}g4 r\sustainOff <c,,~ g' e'> <c a' f'> <g' e'> r
}
\score{\main \addlyrics{Fleet -- ly the steed}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120
  \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.8}
  \context{\Lyrics fontSize = #-3 }
}
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=100 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"}
}
Japan NHK Radio Japan: "KazoeUta (Hitotsu to ya)" (数え歌, counting-out game).
\header{tagline=##f title="NHK Radio Japan"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/jap-radio_japan_280502.mp3
common = {\key e \minor}
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common
  g''4 g b g b2 c4 b e e c c b b g b c c b g fis1 s4_"//"
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.6 \common
  r8 b' c b g a b4 r8 g b c a e fis g
  <<{
    b e fis g a e fis e e fis g fis e4 e8 fis
    g a e fis g4 r8 e dis2 \tuplet 3/2 4{e8 fis a c e fis}
  }\\{
    r2 a,, g r8 e g4 a2 b b,8 fis' b c r2
  }>>
}
\score{\main \addlyrics{Hi -- to -- tsu to ya - -}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=108 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"}
}
Japan Radio Nikkei: Kan Ishii
\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio Nikkei"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/jap-radionikkei1_010909.mp3
main = \relative{
  \cadenzaOn \key d \minor
  \omit Score.TimeSignature  
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "tubular bells"
  d''2 c d a1*7/4\fermata 
  f'4 d d c c d a1*7/4\fermata
  s8_"//"
}
acco = \relative{
  \clef "treble_(8)" \key d \minor
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "koto"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
  s2\sustainOn s s \scaleDurations 25/26 {f16*4/5[ a, c d f a c d f16 a c8]} d1*9/8
  s2\sustainOff\sustainOn s s \scaleDurations 6/5 {f16*2/3[ d c a f d c16 a f d c8]} a1
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<
    \new Staff \main
    \new Staff \acco
  >>
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 100}
}
Nepal Radio Nepal: A tune composed by Ustad Govinda Lal Nepali.
\header{tagline=##f title="Interval signal for Radio Nepal"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/npl-radio_nepal_100214.mp3#Radio Nepal
common = {\key e \major}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "violin"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9 \common
  \grace{b8}gis2~ 8 \grace{\once\stemDown cis}b \tuplet 3/2{cis e fis}
  gis fis16 gis b8 gis16 b cis4. b16 gis 
  e8 \grace{\once\stemDown fis}gis4.~ 8 a16*3/2 gis fis4*3/4
  \grace{b,8} e1
}
acco = {
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.8 \common \grace{s8\sustainOn}
  \repeat unfold 4{gis8 gis' e' e'' b b' cis' cis''} s8\sustainOff
}
\score{\main
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120
  \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.8}
}
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=70}}
 North Korea

Voice of Korea: Melody of "Song of General Kim Il-sung" (김일성장군의 노래).

\header{ title = "Voice of Korea" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/kre-vo_korea_140412.mp3
\relative{
  s2*1/6 <g'' e>2*5/6 <e c>8. <f c>16 <g c,>4 <c a,>4 <e, a,>8. <f a,>16 <g g,>2
}
\midi{\tempo 4=45 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}

Pyongyang FM: Melody of "Song of General Kim Jong-il" (김정일장군의 노래).

\header{ title = "Pyongyang FM" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/kre-pyongyangfm_160811.mp3
\relative{\key g \major g''2 b,4 e d4 8. c16 b2 e4 fis g b a4. fis8 d2}
\midi{\tempo 4=55 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
South Korea KBS World Radio: "Dawn" (여명); Korean kids song "Moon, moon, bright moon" (달아 달아 밝은달아)
\header{tagline=##f title="KBS World Radio - Dawn"}
% 0:46 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/kor-kbswr_english_211212.mp3
common = {\key d \minor \time 3/4}
mainA = \relative{a'2. d c4. d8 c4 a2. d, a' g4. f8 d4 f g2 s4_"//"}
\score{{\common \mainA}}
\score{
<<
{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"
  \common s2. <<\transpose c c' \mainA \\ \mainA>>
}
\new Staff \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp" \common 
  \tuplet 6/4 4{a16 bes c d e f g a bes c d e f g a bes c d}
  \clef bass
  <<{
    r4 <d,, f a>2 r4 q2 r4 <c f a>2 r4 <e g a>2
    r4 <d f a>2 r4 q2 r4 <d g bes>2 2 4
  }\\{
    <d, d,>2 a,4 q2 a4 <f'' f,>2. cis,2.
    d2 a4 d2. g2 f4 d bes g
  }>>
}
>>
\midi{\tempo 2.=46}
}
\header{ title = "KBS World Radio - Moon, moon, bright moon" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/kor-kbswr_english_211212.mp3
\relative{
  \time 3/4 <g'' d>4 <c g> <g d> q2. <g d>4 <f c> <c g> q2.
  <f c>4 <c g> <g' d> <f c>2. <g d>4 <f c> <c g> q2.
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=58 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}
Luxembourg RTL Radio: last segment of "lb:De Feierwon" by Michel Lentz, played on chimes.[5]
\header{tagline=##f title="RTL Radio"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/lux-z-rtl_german_1440_2015.mp3
main = \relative \voices 2,1<<
  {\clef "treble^(8)" g''4 8 f e4 a g b c2}\\
  \magnifyMusic 0.6{e4 d8 f e4 r g f e2}
>>
acco = \relative{c4~ <c b''> <c' g'> <f c'> e d <g c,,>2}
\score{
<<
  \main
  \new Lyrics \lyricsto "2"{Wéi mir e -- sou ze -- frid -- de sin.}
>>
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=72 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "music box"}
}
Madagascar Radio Madagascar (mg:Radio Madagasikara):
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Madagascar"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/mdg-radio_madagascar_060815.mp3
common = {\clef "treble^(8)" \key a \major}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "kalimba"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.1 \common \grace{s16*4}
  <cis''' a,>8. <a cis,>16 cis cis b, <e' e,> b,8 d'16 e r8 <b b,>
  <b b,> b16 d <b a>8 fis16 <a e> <cis fis,>8 e,16 <cis' b,>16 r4
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (nylon)"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \common \grace{<e cis'>16*4}
  <a, e' cis'>4 4 8. 16 r8 q8 <e' gis d'>8. 16 b8 q <a e' cis'>8. 16
}
\score{\main \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=124}}
Mauritania Radio Mauritania:
\header{ title = "Radio Mauritania" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/mtn-radio_mauritania_051108.mp3
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (nylon)"
  \clef "treble_(8)" \key f \major \time 12/8 \partial 8 f8
  bes4 a8 c4 a8 bes4 g8~\prall 4 bes8 a4 8~ <a g'>4. <a f'>8 r g4 4
  <<
    {\hideNotes \grace{g'4~} 2. \unHideNotes}\\
    {\grace{g8 f} e4 f8 d4 e8}
  >>
  f4 g,8~\prall 4 8_" //"
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.8}}
\midi{\tempo 4.=132}
Mongolia Voice of Mongolia: "Motherland" (Эх орон) by Luvsanjambyn Mördorj.[6]
\header{ title = "Interval signal for Voice of Mongolia" }

\relative{
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/mng-mnr2_100116.mp3
\clef "treble^(8)"
\set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"
\set midiMaximumVolume = #1.3
\key bes \major
f''4\omit\sustainOn d'4 8. c16 bes4 c8. d16 bes4 f2
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 50}
New Zealand Radio New Zealand International: The call of a New Zealand bellbird
\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio New Zealand International"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/nzl-rnz_pacific_130423.mp3
main = \relative {
  \set Score.midiInstrument = "ocarina"
  \clef "treble^(15)" \time 2/4
  \omit Staff.Script
  f'''8.-.[ \grace{gis,16 \stemDown c' g} \stemNeutral c,16-.] fis8-. 8-_
  a,8-_ \grace{fis'16} d16-. \grace{fis16} d16-. \repeat tremolo 8 {gis128 c} gis16[ \grace{g'8} e16-.]
  d,8.-_ \tuplet 3/2{\repeat tremolo 2 a'64-. \repeat tremolo 2 g,-. \repeat tremolo 2 f-.} d-.
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  \unfoldRepeats \main
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 120}
}
Niger ORTN:
\header{tagline=##f title="Office of Radio and Television of Niger"}
% 0:27 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ngr-ortn_lv_du_sahel_220124.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "flute"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key es \major \time 5/8
  \repeat volta 2{
  \grace{as''16*2(} 4) 4 8 \grace{as16*2(} geh8) eeseh8 8 deh bes'
  \grace{as16*2(} 4) 4 deh,8 \grace{geh16*2(} eeseh4) 8 deh bes'
  }
}
\score{\main \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{\unfoldRepeats \main \midi{\tempo 4=180}}
Pakistan Radio Pakistan: A tune composed by Khwaja Khursheed Anwar.
\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio Pakistan"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/pak-rp_nca_151013.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "lead 6 (voice)"
  \key des \major \grace{s8}
  r4 es'2.~ 4 as2.~ 4 g16 as bes as g as bes des~ 4~ 4 es2 as4
}
acco = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "sitar"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
  \key des \major \clef bass
  \grace{s8\sustainOn}
  \repeat unfold 4 {<des, as,>4 <as, des> <des es>4 4} s8
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<\main \new Staff \acco>>
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 69}
}
 Philippines:

Far East Broadcasting Company: 2nd segment of "We Have Heard the Joyful Sound (Jesus Saves)".

\header{tagline=##f title="FEBC"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/phl-febc_mon_280425.mp3
common = {\key f \major \partial 8*3}
mainA = \relative{c''8 c f~ 2 c8 f g a~ 2 r8 c c c~ 2 r8 g a f~ 2}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"
  \clef "treble^(15)" \common \transpose c c' \mainA
}
acco = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.6 \common
  <<\mainA \\ \relative{r8 r8 \repeat unfold 4{<a' f c>8~ 4 <g e c> <a f c>4.}}>>
}
\score{\main \addlyrics{Spread the ti -- dings}
  \layout{indent=0 line-width=120 \context{\Lyrics fontSize=-3}}
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=118}}

Radio Veritas Asia: "O via, vita, veritas".

\header{ title = "Radio Veritas Asia" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/phl-z-radio_veritas_asia_130518.mp3
\relative{
  \key bes \major \partial 4
  f'4 bes f g f bes4. c8 d4 4 c2 d4. c8 bes1\fermata
}
\midi{\tempo 4=100 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "shanai"}
Qatar: Qatar Radio
\header{tagline=##f title="Qatar Radio"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/qat-z-qbs_french_010305.mp3
common = {\key ges \major \time 3/4}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "pizzicato strings"
  \common \grace{s8} r4 r ces'' beseh4. ges8 ces4
  beseh4. 8 4 r8 ges4 beseh8 r4 s8_"//"
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
  \common \grace{s8\sustainOn}
  \repeat unfold 2{<<
    {ges8 des' ges ces des ces ges'4. ces,8 des ges,}\\
    {ges,2 r8 ges ges2 r8 ges}
  >>}
}
\score{\main}
\score{
<<
  \partCombine \main \transpose c c, \main
  \new Staff \acco
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=112}
}
Romania Radio Romania International: The first nine notes of “Pui de lei", lyrics by Ioan S. Nenițescu and song by Ionel G. Brătianu
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Romania International"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/rou-rri_130308.mp3
main = \relative{\partial 4 g'4 e'4. d8 c b c d e2 c4 r}
\score{
<<
  \main \\
  {\set midiMaximumVolume = #0.5
  \magnifyMusic 0.7 \transpose c c, \main}
>>
\layout{}
\midi{\tempo 4=100 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
}
 Russia Radio Mayak: Vibraphone version of Moscow Nights.
\header{ title = "Radio Mayak" }

% 0:19 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/rus-radio_mayak_221007.mp3
\relative<<
  \key e \minor \time 2/4
  {e''8 g b g a4 g8 fis b4 a e2}\\{<e, g>2 <a c> <b dis> <g b>}
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=64 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}

Radio Sakha: Excerpt from a Yakut folk song.

\header{ title = "Radio Sakha" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/rus-nvk_radio_sakha_180716.mp3
\relative<<
  \key e \major \partial 4
  {b'8 b gis'4. 8 16 a gis8 fis gis8~ 2.\fermata s8_"//"}\\
  {s4 <e, b'>1*7/4}
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=63 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "drawbar organ"}
Rwanda: Radio Rwanda
\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio Rwanda"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/rrw-radio_rwanda_160809.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (nylon)"
  \clef bass \time 12/8
  \repeat volta 2{
  g,8 ceh4 beh8 g4 <ceh g>4 r8 deh~ <deh g,>4
  g,8 ceh4 beh8 g4 g4 r8 ceh~ <ceh g>4
  }
}
cutt = \new DrumStaff \drummode{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "brush kit"
  \repeat volta 2{
  r4 sn r r r sn r sn r r r sn
  }
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  \unfoldRepeats << \main \cutt >>
  \midi{\tempo 4. = 142}
}
Saudi Arabia: Radio Saudi International
\header{ title = "Radio Saudi International" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ars-sba_rsi_181213.mp3
\relative{
  \clef "treble_(8)" \key c \major \time 4/4 \partial 8 <g g,>8
  c c d <beh beh,> c4. <g g,>8 c c d <beh beh,> c4 d
  eeh8 8 c c <a a,>8 8 <g g,>8 8 s_" //"
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=90 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (nylon)"}
Slovenia Radio Slovenia: Electronically generated cuckoo chirping.
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Slovenia"}
% 0:03 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/svn-rs1_010804.mp3
main = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "ocarina"
  \repeat volta 3 {e''8\omit-_ cis''\omit-_ r4 r2}
  \mark \markup \tiny "3x"
}
\score{\main}
\score{\unfoldRepeats \main \midi{\tempo 4=114}}
Syria: Radio Damascus
\relative {
\key bes \minor
\time 4/4
\clef bass
\tempo 4=90
\set Staff.midiInstrument = "guitar"
<bes, cis'>8. dis'16 f8 dis8 f8 cis32 dis32 cis16 dis4 | <bes, bes'>4 <bes bes'>2\fermata \bar "|."}
Uganda: Radio Uganda
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Uganda"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/uga-z-radio_uganda_external_service_cm_310382.mp3
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/uga-z-radio_uganda_blue_020603.mp3
main = \relative{
  \key es \major \time 9/8 \repeat volta 2{
  <<{
    r8 bes''8 8 8 16 8 16 8 8 g r8 bes8 8 g16 8 16 8 8 bes r
  }\\{
    g,16 des bes f' des bes es g des bes bes f' bes, bes f' bes, es g
    des es bes es es bes es g es g g des g f es bes des des
  }>>
  }
}
\score{\main
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.8}}
}
\score{\unfoldRepeats \main
\midi{\tempo 4.=106 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "xylophone"}
}
Ukraine Radio Ukraine International: "The Wide Dniepr Roars and Moans" (Реве та стогне Дніпр широкий).
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Ukraine International"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ukr-z-ur1_signon_250415.mp3
sustainOfn = \sustainOff\sustainOn
mainA = \relative{\time 3/4 a'4 c e a2 e4 d2 c4 2. b}
main = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "ocarina"
  \clef "treble^(8)" \transpose c c' \mainA
}
acco = <<{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "harpsichord"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \mainA
}\\ \relative{
  s2. \grace{a8\sustainOn e' c'}s2. \grace{d,,8\sustainOfn f' a}s2.
  \grace{e,8\sustainOfn c' a'}s2. \grace{e,8\sustainOfn e'gis}s2. s8\sustainOff
}>>
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=72}}
United Kingdom BBC World Service:
  • English programme: "Bow Bells", 10 change-ringing bells.
  • Non-English programme, non-Europe: three notes tuned B–B–C.
  • Non-English programme, to Europe: four notes tuned B–B–B–E.
\header{tagline=##f}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ukg-bbcws_bow_bells_is_170701.mp3
main = {
  \key b \major \omit\time 5/4 \omit Stem \slurDashed
  \transpose f e \relative{
    \repeat volta 4{e''4 d c b a \bar "'"}
    \alternative{{g f d( e) c}{f( g) d e c}{g'( f) e( d) c}}
  }
  \bar "||" \mark \markup{\teeny \italic D.C.}
}
\score{\main \layout{indent=0 line-width=120}}
\score{<<\unfoldRepeats\main \new Staff{\skip 4*50}>>
 \midi{\tempo 4=187 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "tubular bells"}
}


% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ukg-bbcws_b_interval_signal_170701.mp3
<<
  \new Staff="bbc"<<
    {b'2 2 c''1}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.7{<g' d'>2 2 <g' e'>1}
  >>
  \new Lyrics \with{alignAboveContext="bbc"} \lyricsto "1"{B -- B -- C}
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=106 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}


% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ukg-bbcws_v_interval_signal_170701.mp3
<<
  \voices 2,1<<
    {\clef "treble_(8)" \time 2/4 r8 b[ b b] e}\\
    \magnifyMusic 0.6{r8 b'[ b' b'] e''}
  >>
  \new Lyrics \lyricsto "2"{B -- B -- B -- E}
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=88 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
 United States:

NBC: 3 chime-like notes.

\header{ title = "Interval signal for NBC" }

{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"
  \omit Staff.TimeSignature
  \cadenzaOn
  g'2 e'' c''1*2 \bar "|"
}
\midi{\tempo 2 = 152}
Trans World Radio (TWR)
Trans World Radio: Hymne Monégasque (Monaco anthem)
\header{tagline=##f title="Trans World Radio"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/mco-twr_romanian_150411.mp3
common = {\key g \major \time 6/8}
main = \relative {
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common d''4. g4 a8 b4. c4 b8 a4. b4 a8 g4. d 
  d' d4 8 4.~ 4 g,8 a4 b8 c4 b8 a2.
}
acco = {
  \common <g' b'>2.~ 2. <d' fis'>2. <g' b'>2. 2.~ 2. <d' fis'>2.~ 2.
}
\score{\main
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.9}}
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4.=116 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
}
TWR Europe: Amazing Grace
\header{tagline=##f title="TWR Europe"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/mco-twr_europe.mp3
#(define (mag mus) #{ \stemDown \magnifyMusic 0.7{#mus } \stemUp #})
m = \applyMusic #mag \etc
common = {\key g \major \time 3/4 \partial 4}
\score{
\relative<<{
  \common d''4 \tuplet 3/2 4{g4 \m{d8 g4 b8} b a g} b4 \m{d,} a'
  \tuplet 3/2 4{g4 \m{c8}} \m{g4} e d2.
}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6{
  \common s4 <g, b>2. <f g b> <e g c> <g b>
}>>
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=110 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}
}
TWR Albania: last segment of "What a Friend We Have in Jesus"
\header{tagline=##f title="TWR Albania"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/alb-twr_c1998.mp3
#(define (mag mus) #{ \stemDown \magnifyMusic 0.7{#mus } \stemUp #})
m = \applyMusic #mag \etc
\score{
\new Staff="what"<<
\relative \voices 1,2,4<<{
  \key e \major
  \tuplet 3/2 4{b''4 \m{e,8 gis4} b8 cis4 b8 gis4 e8} e4 \m{cis4} \tuplet 3/2 4{4 \m{e8 dis4 cis8}}
  b4 \tuplet 3/2 4{\m{4} e8 gis4 fis8 e4 dis8} e2. r4
}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6{
  <e, b'>2 <e a>4 <e b'> <a, a'>2 2 <e' gis>2 b2 <e gis b>2.
}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6{
  s1 s1 s2 \shiftOff <a dis>4 a
}>>
\new Lyrics \with{alignAboveContext="what"}
  \lyricsto "1"{All - - be -- cause}
>>
\layout{indent=0 line-width=120
  \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.9}
  \context{\Lyrics fontSize=-3}
}
\midi{\tempo 4=118 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}
}
TWR Guam: first part of "We've a story to tell to the nations"
\header{tagline=##f title="KTWR"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/gum-ktwr_130815.mp3
sustainOfn = \sustainOff\sustainOn
common = {\key d \major \partial 4}
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common \tuplet 3/2{d''4 e8}
  fis4 4 g \tuplet 3/2{fis4 eis8} fis2 d4 \tuplet 3/2{fis g8} a4 4 b \tuplet 3/2{a gis8} a2. r4
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (steel)"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
  \clef "treble_(8)" \common s4
  <<{
    \grace{d16\sustainOn a' d}fis2 \grace{g,,16\sustainOfn g' d'}a'2 
    \grace{d,,16\sustainOfn a' d}fis1
    \grace{d,16\sustainOfn a'}e'2 \grace{e,16\sustainOfn gis}e'2
    \grace{a,,16\sustainOfn cis'}e2. r4\sustainOff
  }\\{
    s1 s4 \tuplet 3/2 4{d4 e8 fis4 e8 d4 cis8} d4 cis b gis a2.
  }>>
}
\score{\main \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=110}}
TWR Africa: last part of "We've a story to tell to the nations"
\header{tagline=##f title="TWR Africa"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/swz-twrafrica_sw_300724.mp3
common = {\key g \major \partial 4}
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common d'''4 g g fis e8. 16 d4 b g c
  b b8. 16 4 a g \magnifyMusic 0.6{d'8. 16 g2\longfermata}
}
acco = \relative{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.5
  \common d'4 g <b g'> <c g'> <cis g'> <d g> <dis g> e <a, g'> 
  <d, g'> <a' g'> <c fis> <c d> <b d> <g e'> <g d'>2 s1 s
}
\score{\main \addlyrics{And Christ’s}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Lyrics fontSize = #-3 }}
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=132 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "fx 3 (crystal)"}
}
TWR Bonaire: last part of Stand Up, Stand Up for Jesus by George James Webb, in various renditions
\header{tagline=##f title="TWR Bonaire"}
% 0:06 https://shortwavearchive.com/archive/trans-world-radio-pjb-bonaire-june-30-1993
common = {\key bes \major \partial 4}
mainA = \relative{\common f''4 bes4. 8 d4 bes4 2 g4 bes f bes d c bes1}
main = <<\magnifyMusic 0.6 \transpose c c' \mainA \\ \mainA>>
\score{{\clef "treble^(8)" \mainA} \addlyrics{Till ev -- 'ry foe}}
\score{
<<
  <<\mainA \\ \transpose c c, \mainA>>
  \new Staff \relative{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.8 \clef bass \common s4
    bes,4 <f' bes d>-. r q-. es, <g' bes es>-. r q-.
    bes,4 <f' bes d>-. f, <f' a c>-. bes,-_ f-_ bes-_ bes,-_
  }
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=124 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
}
Voice of America: Brass band version of "Yankee Doodle".
WEWN, later EWTN Global Radio: "Salve Regina" (in simple tone) by Henri Dumont
\header{ title = "WEWN" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/usa-wewn_al_181212.mp3
\relative{
  \clef "treble_(8)" \omit Staff.TimeSignature
  \key des \major \cadenzaOn \hide Stem
  des4 f as bes4*5/4 as2*9/8 \bar "'"
  bes4 des c bes as bes as as2*7/4 \bar "'"
  des4*3/2 as4*11/4 bes4*5/4 ges2*9/8 es2*11/8 \bar "'"
  f4 ges as4*5/4 f4*6/4 f4*7/4 es des2*2 s4 \bar "|"
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.9}}
\midi{\tempo 2=73 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "choir aahs"}
Vatican City Vatican Radio: "Christus Vincit" by fr:Aloys Kunc.
\header{tagline=##f title="Interval signal for Vatican Radio"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/cva-z-vatican_radio_c1982.mp3
common = {\key f \major}
sustainOfn = \sustainOff\sustainOn
mainA = \relative{a'''2 a c c f, f a a d g, c f,4 bes a2 g4. f8 1}
main = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common \grace{s8 s s}
  \partCombine \mainA \transpose c c, \mainA
}
acco = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9 \clef bass \common
  \grace{f8\sustainOn a c'}f'1
  \grace{e8\sustainOfn g c'}g'1
  \grace{d8\sustainOfn a d'}f'2 b
  \grace{c8\sustainOfn g a }e'1
  <bes, d' f'>2\sustainOff <c c' e'>4\sustainOn bes,
  <a, c' f'>2\sustainOff <bes, bes d'>4\sustainOn g,
  <c a f'>2\sustainOff <c, c bes e'>
  \grace{f,8\sustainOn c a}f'1
}
\score{{\clef "treble^(15)" \common \mainA} \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 2=62}}
Venezuela Radio Nacional de Venezuela's Canal Internacional: Beginning of "Alma Llanera" by Pedro Elías Gutiérrez and Rafael Bolívar Coronado.
\header{ title = "Radio Nacional de Venezuela" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ven-rnv_international_101008.mp3
\relative{
  \key f \major \time 3/4
  r4 c'' c f e8 g4 f8 a4 g8 f4 e8 g4 f8 e4 d8 e4 c r4 
}
\addlyrics{Yo na -- cí~en es -- ta ri -- be -- ra del A -- rau -- ca vi -- bra -- dor}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 2.=72 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "synthbrass 2"}
Vietnam Đài tiếng nói Việt Nam (VOV): latter half of "vi:Diệt phát xít"
\header{tagline=##f title="Voice of Vietnam"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/vtn-vov5_150405.mp3
mainA = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "violin" \partial 4
  d'''8.-. 16 8 r d8.-. c16 d8 r d8.-. c16 a8.-. g16 c8.-. d16 e8 r \bar ""
  e8.-. 16 d8 r d8.-. 16 8 r d8.-. e16 d8.-. c16 a8.-. c16 g4
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
  \clef bass \partial 4 r4
  <<{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
    r8 <g b d> r q r q r q r q r q r <g c e> r q
    r <g b d> r q r q r q <g b>4 <b d> <d g> s8
  }\\{
    g,,4-. d-. g-. d-.-. g d-. c-. e-. g-. d-. g-. d-. g-. d-. g4
  }>>
}
\paper{indent=#0 line-width=#120 system-system-spacing = #'((basic-distance . 10))}
\score{{\omit Script \clef "treble^(8)" \mainA}
\addlyrics{Mau mau mau vai kề vai}
}
\score{
<< <<\mainA \\ \transpose c c, \mainA>> \new Staff \acco >>
\midi{\tempo 4=102}
}

Formerly used

Interval signals
Radio station Playable sound
Albania Radio Tirana

Këputa një gjethe dafine (transmission intro); the trumpet version of With Pickaxe and Rifle.

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Tirana - Këputa një gjethe dafine"}
% 0:26 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/alb-radio_tirana_xs_270418.mp3
common = {\key e \minor}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric guitar (clean)"
  \common b4 e e e e e e e e8 fis8 4~ 2~ 1 s8_"//"
}
acco = <<
  \new Staff \relative{
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "fx 1 (rain)"
    \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.3 \common
    <<
    {\repeat unfold 4{g'8 e' b e} \repeat unfold 4{fis, dis' b dis}}\\
    {<e, b>1~ 1 <dis b>1~ 1}
    >>
  }
  \drums{\repeat unfold 8{<<{<cymr>8 8 ss q}\\{bd4. 8}>>}}
>>
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=160}}
\header{tagline=##f title="Në njërën dorë kazmën në tjetrën pushkën"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/alb-z-radio_tirana_c1980.mp3
common = {\key g \minor \time 2/4 \partial 16}
main = \relative{\common d''16-. 4-_ 8. es16-. d4-_ c8. a16-. bes2 g}
acco = \relative{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \common bes'16-. 4-_ a-_ g-_ d-_ g2 d
}
\score{{\omit Script \main}}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=114 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet"}
}
Australia Radio Australia

Chorus segment of Waltzing Matilda; Kookaburra call; News signature tune: Majestic Fanfare.

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Australia"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/aus-radio_australia_061104.mp3
\paper{indent=#0 line-width=#120
  system-system-spacing = #'((basic-distance . 9))
}
common = {\key f \major}
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \common
  c'''4 c8. 16 4 a-. f'4 8. e16 d4 c4
  4 8 8 d4 c8 8 4 bes8 a g4 f8 g
  a4 8 8 g4 4 f8 g a f d e f4 c f8 a c4 bes8 a g4-. g8-. g f2
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.6 \common
  \voices 2,1,3<<{
    f'8 a c a f a c a f bes d bes f bes a4
    8 c, a'-. a bes c, a'-. a-. a c, g' f e c d e
    f a c a e bes' c bes d, a' d4 \stemUp f,8 g as4 \stemDown
    c,8 f a4 c,8 a' g f e c d e f2
  }\\{
    f2 f f f4 s s8 c4. s8 c4. s8 c4. s2
    f2 e d \stemDown bes4 b \stemUp c2 c4
  }\\{
    <f' a>4 s4 s2 bes4 4 f4 4 4 8-. 8-. 4 8-. 8-. f4 s4 s2
    s1 s1 s1 s4 bes,-. a2
  }>>
}
\score{{\omit Script \main}
\addlyrics{Waltz -- ing Ma -- til -- da, waltz -- ing Ma -- til -- da}
\layout{
  \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.9}
  \context{\Lyrics fontSize=#-2 }
}
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=108 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
}
Austria Radio Österreich International

An der schönen blauen Donau ("Blue Danube Waltz") by Johann Strauss.[7]

\header{ title = "Radio Österreich International" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/aut-z-orf_c1975.mp3
{
  \key bes \major \time 3/4 
  \voices 2,1<<{
    \set midiInstrument = "french horn"
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.0
    bes d' f'
    <bes d' f'>2.*7/3
  }\\{
    \set midiInstrument = "clarinet"
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
    s2. r2 <d'' f''>4-. 4-. r4 <bes' d''>4-. 4-. s8
  }>>
}
\midi{ 
  \context{\Staff \remove "Staff_performer"}
  \context{\Voice \consists "Staff_performer"}
  \tempo 4 = 114
}
Austria Ö1

Three notes signifying O–R–F by Werner Pirchner, played on viola.[8]

\header{ title = "Interval signal for Ö1" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/aut-orf1_260112.mp3
{
  \clef bass
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "viola"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.0
  c4 g c'2
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 120}
Austria ORF 1st Program: Schubert, Rosamunde, Ballet Music 2
\header{ title = "Österreichischer Rundfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/aut-z-orf_regional_1980.mp3
\relative{
  \key g \major \time 2/4
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.1
  g'8\omit\sustainOn g16 d g8 g16 d g8 b d4
}
\midi { \tempo 4 = 80 }

3rd Program: Haydn, Surprise Symphony

\header{ title = "Österreichischer Rundfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/aut-z-radio_oesterreich_c1953.mp3
\relative{
  \key f \major \time 2/4
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.1
  f'8 f a a c c a4
}
\midi { \tempo 4 = 40 }
Belgium RTBF International: Où peut-on être mieux qu’au sein de sa famille ?
\header{tagline=##f title="RTBF International"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/bel-z-rtbf1_c1998.mp3
common = {\key e \major}
main = {gis2 8 a a b b4. a16 gis fis4 r a2 8 b cis dis e4. dis16 cis b4 r}
\score{
<<
  {\common \relative c'' \main}\\
  \magnifyMusic 0.6{ \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.8 \common \relative c' \main}
>>
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=55 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}
}

Benoit, Beiaardlied

\header{ title = "RTBF International" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/bel-z-brt1_rvd_1977.mp3
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
  \key f \major \cadenzaOn
  \partial 4 a'4*5/6 \bar "|"
  a4 g4*7/6 bes4*5/6 a4*7/6 \bar "|" f2*7/8 c4 a' \bar "|"
  a g8*3/2[ a8] bes4*5/6 e,4*7/6 \bar "|" c'2
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 78}
Brazil Rádio Nacional
\header{tagline=##f title="Luar do Sertão ('Hinterlands Moonlight')"}
% https://www.radiomuseum.org/dsp_audio_clip.cfm?audio_id=5586
sustainOfn = \sustainOff\sustainOn
main = \relative{
  \partial 8 g'8 c4. d8 e4. d8 f4. e8 d4. c8 b4. a8 g4. f8 e2.
}
acco = {
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \clef bass \partial 8 r8 
  c8\sustainOn g e'4 \grace{<g' c''>16\sustainOfn}bes,8 bes g'4
  \grace{<f' c''>16\sustainOfn}a,8 f c'4 \grace{<f' bes'>16\sustainOfn}as,8 f bes4
  \grace{<d' g'>16\sustainOfn}g,8 f b4 f,8\sustainOfn f <b d'>4
  e,8\sustainOfn <g c'> <f d'>\sustainOfn g,8 <c, c'>8*2\sustainOfn s8\sustainOff
}
\score{\main}
\score{<<\new Staff \main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=64 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
}
Canada Radio Canada International
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Canada International"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/can-z-rci_200907.mp3
main = {\clef "treble^(8)" \key g \major b''2 d'''4.. d'''16 g''2}
acco = {\set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6 \key g \major <g' d''>2 <d' a'> <b g'>}
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=106}}
First four notes of O Canada, played on piano (played in G major) , an electronic square wave[9] (played in Bb major) , or autoharp (played in D major).
Cyprus Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation
\header{tagline = ##f title="Avkoritissa (Αυκορίτισσα)"}
% 0:24 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/cyp-cybc1_100910.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "flute"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \clef "treble^(8)"
  \partial 16*3 g''16 a b16*2
  \grace{c8 d} c8.*2/3 a16 b8 g d'4 r16 g,16 a b16*2
  \grace{c8 d} c8.*2/3 a16 b8 g a2
}
acco = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
  \clef bass \partial 16*3 s16 s8
  <c g e'>4 <g, b d'> <d a f'>2
  <c g e'>4 <g, b d'> <a, a c'>2
  s8
}
\score{\main \layout{\context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.8}}}
\score{
  <<\main \new Staff \acco>>
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 102}
}
Closing segment of Avkoritissa (Αυκορίτισσα), a traditional Cypriot song of Avgorou[10]
Czechoslovakia Radio Prague Smetana, Má vlast, 1. Vyšehrad
\header{tagline=##f title="Czechoslovak Radio"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/tch-z-csr_praha_210868.mp3
common = {\clef "treble_(8)" \key es \major \time 3/4}
sustainOfn = \sustainOff\sustainOn
mA = {\common 
  <es g bes>4 <c es g c' es'> r8 <d f bes d'> <es g bes>4
}
mB = {\common 
  \grace{es32\sustainOn g}bes4 \grace{c32\sustainOfn es g c'}es'4 r8 \grace{d32\sustainOfn f bes}d'8 \grace{es32\sustainOfn g}bes4
}
\score{\mA}
\score{\mB \midi{\tempo 4 = 50 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"}}

Last segment of Kupředu levá ("Forward, Left") by cs:Jan Seidl

\header{ title = "Radio Prague" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/tch-z-radio_prague_swahili_c1975.mp3
<<
  \relative<<{
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet"
    \key d \major a'8.-. d16 4 e8-. d4.
    b8.-. d16 4 e8-. \cadenzaOn d4.*3\fermata
  }\\{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
    fis,8.-. <fis a>16 4 8-. 4.
    g8.-. <g b>16 4 8-. 4.*3\fermata s8
  }>>
  \new Lyrics \lyricsto "1"{
    Ku -- pře -- du le -- vá, ku -- pře -- du le -- vá,
  }
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=104}

Adagio – Allegro molto from Symphony No. 9 by Dvořák.

\header{ title = "Radio Prague" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/cze-z-cro7_radio_prague_021102.mp3
% Mvt.1, b.189
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "french horn"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.0
  \key e \major \time 2/4
  \omit Script e'4. e8-. cis-. b4.
  \undo\omit Script e8. gis16-. b8-. 8-. 2
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 110}
Denmark Radio Denmark: Nielsen, Moderen, Scene7 No.22 Som en rejselysten flåde
\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio Denmark"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/dnk-z-radio_denmark_c1978.mp3
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)"
  \key g \major \partial 4
  g''8 fis g4 d g a b2 a4 c8 b a4 g g fis g2. r4
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
  \key g \major \partial 4
  <<{
    g'8 fis g4 d g a <g' d>2 <fis d>4 <g c,>8 <g e> <e c>4 <e b> <e a,> <d a> <d b>2.
  }\\{
    s4 s1 g,,4 b d e a e c d g,2.
  }>>
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<
    \set Score.midiInstrument = "celesta"
    \main \new Staff \acco
  >>
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 94}
}
Ecuador HCJB: using a motif from Great Is Thy Faithfulness
\header{tagline=##f title="The Voice of the Andes"}
% 0:10 http://www.kawamura-photo.sakura.ne.jp/bcl/sound/hcjb2000.mp3
% https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2P-z_OqSEFo
common = {\partial 4}
ep = {\set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 2"}
st = {\set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"}
mainB = \relative<<{r8 g''2 4 d f4. e8 e2}\\{g,8-. c4-. r8 g-. c4-. r8 g-. c-. g-. c-. g-. c4-. s}>>
main = \relative{
  \ep \common \partial 4 c''16 d e f 
  \new Voice="1A"{g8-. g-. g-. d-. f8. e16 8-. d-.}
  c-. d-. e-. d16 c d8-. g,8-. g-. c-.
  g'8-. g-. g-. d-. f8. e16 8-. d-.
  c-. d8*3/2-. \grace{d8 e}d8.*2/3 c16 \once\stemUp 4.
  \st \mainB s8_"//"
}
acco = \relative{
  \ep \common s4 s1 r2 r4 r8 c'8 g'2. r8 c,16 c g'2. r8
  \st \transpose c c, \mainB
}
\score{
\new Staff="gr"<<
  {\omit Staff.Script \main}
  \new Lyrics 
    \lyricsto "1A"{Great _ is Thy faith -- ful -- ness}
  \new Lyrics \with{alignAboveContext="gr"}
    \lyricsto "1"{Great is Thy faith -- ful -- ness}
>>
\layout{\context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.8} \context{\Lyrics fontSize = #-3 }}
}
\paper{indent=#0 line-width=#120 system-system-spacing = #'((basic-distance . 10))}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=110}}

HCJB Japanese program: "Sakura Sakura" (さくらさくら, cherry blossoms)

\header{tagline=##f title="The Voice of the Andes (Japanese)"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/eqa-z-hcjb_japanese_1975.mp3
common = {\key c \minor}
main = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "marimba"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.8 \common
  \relative{c''4 4 d2 c4 4 d2 c4 d es d c d8 c as2 s8_"//"}
}
acco = <<
\new Staff \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "marimba"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6 \common
  \repeat percent 2{
  \repeat percent 8{c'64*1/2 es64*3/2 c'64*1/2 g64*3/2}
  \repeat percent 8{d64*1/2 g64*3/2 d'64*1/2 b64*3/2}
  }
  \repeat tremolo 4{c,32 c'} \repeat tremolo 4 {d, d'}
  \repeat tremolo 4{es, es'} \repeat tremolo 4{d, d'}
  \repeat tremolo 4{c, c'} \repeat tremolo 2{d, d'} \repeat tremolo 2{c, c'}
  \repeat tremolo 8{as, as'}
}
\new Staff \relative{
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.6 \clef bass \common
  \repeat percent 2{<<{s2 r8 g'' es d}\\{<c,, es g>4-. r <g d' g>2}>>}
  es'8 g' g, g' c,, g'' g, g' f, as' es,4 d8 f' g as 
}
>>
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \unfoldRepeats \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=70}}
Finland Yle Radio 1: Pim-pam-pulla, a tune from the 1700s proposed by A. O. Väisänen for 5-string kantele.[11][12]
\header{ title = "Radio Finland (Yle)" }

% https://yle.fi/a/20-98112 "Uusi väliaikamerkki"
<<\relative{
  \key f \major c''2 bes4 a g2 a2 c bes4 a g1 a
}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.7 \relative{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9 f'1 c'2 f,~ f r c'1 <f, c'>
}>>
\midi{\tempo 4=95 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
France Radio France Internationale: a popular song, Nous n'irons plus au bois.[7]
\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio France Internationale"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/fra-z-rfi_c1975.mp3
main = \relative{
  \key g \major \time 2/4
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet"
  \omit Script
  r8. g'16-. b8-. c-. d4 g d \grace{\scaleDurations 2 {c16( e}} d8-.) c-. b4 a g2
}
acco = {
  \key g \major
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "bassoon"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
  << 
  \relative{
    r8. g'16 fis8-. e-. d8. c16 b8-. c-. d-. c-. b-. c-. d8. s16 s8 d-. b2
  }\\{
     g2~ 2~ 2 d8. d'16 d'8-. d-. g2
  }\\ \relative{
     s2 b'8. a16 g8-. a-. b8. g16 g8-. e-. g4. fis8-. g2 s8
  }>>
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<\main \new Staff \acco>>
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 110}
}
Allied-occupied Germany Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk: The 4th symphony by Brahms.
\header{tagline=##f title="NWDR"}
% https://youtu.be/0xAWEL6mnZI
% Mvt.1 b.112
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "french horn"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9 \key b \major \time 2/2
  \tuplet 3/2 2{r4 r <dis' b>8-. <e cis>-. <fis dis>4-. <dis b>-. <gis e>-.} <fis dis>2*2/3
}
acco = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "timpani"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.8 \clef bass \omit Dots
  \repeat tremolo 24 b,16*2/3 b,2
}
\score{{\omit Script \main}}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \unfoldRepeats \acco>> \midi{\tempo 2=60}}
Nazi Germany Reichssender Berlin: Ending bars of Volk ans Gewehr, played on celesta.
\header{ title = "Reichssender Berlin" }

% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=Reichsprogramm
\relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key d \minor
  f'''2 a,4. d8 <c a>1 <<{a2 a4. a8}\\{a2 g}>> <d' f,>1
}
\addlyrics{Volk ans Ge -- wehr}
\midi{\tempo 4=90 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"}
 East Germany

Berliner Rundfunk: Motif from the opera Regina, Act3 Finale by Albert Lortzing, played by horns.

\header{ title = "Berliner Rundfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-brf_c1975.mp3
% Act3 Finale
\relative{
  \key f \major \time 3/4
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "french horn"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \omit Staff.Script
  \partial 4
  <<{
    c'4-. bes'8.-. a16-. g4-. f-. e8.-. f16-. g4-.
  }\\{
    c,4-. g'8.-. f16-. e4-. d-. c8.-. d16-. e4-.
  }
  >>
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 100}

Radio Berlin International: Beginning of Auferstanden aus Ruinen ("Risen from Ruins"), played on chimes.

\header{ title = "Radio Berlin International" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-rbi_rvd_1975.mp3
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
  \key as \major \time 2/4
  <c'' as>4 4 <bes es,> <as c,> <des bes>4 4 <c as> <bes es,>
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 69}

Radio DDR: Refrain of de:Wann wir schreiten Seit’ an Seit’

\header{ title = "Radio DDR" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-radio_ddr1-2_c1988.mp3
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \key g \major \time 3/2 \partial 2 \omit Staff.Script
  <d'' b g>4-_ 4-_ 2.-_ <b g>4-_ <c a>-_ <d b>-_ <e c>2~ \hideNotes 4 s8
}
\addlyrics{Mit uns zieht die neu -- e Zeit}
\midi{\tempo 4=108}

Radio NTS: Tchaikovsky, Symphony #5, Mvt.4

DFS 904: "Ode to Joy"

Germany Germany

Deutschlandfunk: Ending bars of "Ich hab' mich ergeben" by August Daniel von Binzer.[13]

\header{ title = "DLF" }

% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=Deutschlandfunk,-1963
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key d \major \partial 4 d''4
  <b' g>4 4 <d b> <b g> <a fis>2 <fis d>2
}
\addlyrics{Dir Land voll Lieb' und Le -- ben}
\midi{\tempo 4=76}

RIAS Berlin: Franz Wallner-Basté

\header{ title = "RIAS Berlin" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-rias_c1948.mp3
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
  \clef "treble^(8)"
  \partial 4 g''8 <c e,>16 <b d,>
  <c e,>8 <g d> <e c> <f d> <g e>2
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 72}

Deutschlandsender: Mozart, The Magic Flute (Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen) / Schubart, Üb’ immer Treu und Redlichkeit

\header{ title = "Deutschlandsender" }

% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=Deutschlandsender
{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"
  \key g \major \time 2/4 \partial 4
  d'4 <g' b>4 4 <a' d'>4 4 << { b'4. a'8 } \\ { g'4 d' } >> <g' b>
}
\midi {\tempo 4 = 90}

Funk-Stunde Berlin:

\header{tagline = ##f title="Reichssender Berlin"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-reichssender_berlin_1935.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "brass section"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \key bes \major
  bes4 d8-. f-. bes2 <bes, d>4 <d f>8-. <f bes>-. <bes d>2
}
acco = {
  \clef bass
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "timpani"
  r2 r8 d16 d d4 r2 r8 d16 d d4 s
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<\main \new Staff \acco>>
  \midi {\tempo 4 = 114}
}
ORAG Königsberg
Friedrich Dewischeit, de:Masurenlied (Wild flutet der See)
\header{tagline = ##f title="Ostmarken Rundfunk"}
% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=ORAG
main = {
  \key d \major \time 6/8
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.2
  d''4. fis'8. g'16 a'8 d'2.
}
acco = {
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.8
  \clef bass \key d \major
  <fis, fis>2. <d fis>2.
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<
    \set Score.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"
    \main \new Staff \acco
  >>
  \midi{\tempo 4. = 60}
}

Wo des Haffes Wellen trecken an den Strand

\header{ title = "Ostmarken Rundfunk" }

% https://www.radiomuseum.org/dsp_audio_clip.cfm?audio_id=2447 [caution: recreation]
% https://www.radiomuseum.org/images/audioimages_klein/Reichssender_Koenigsberg.jpg
\relative{
  \key g \major \time 6/8 \partial 4.
  <<
  {b'4 a8 g4 fis8 g4 fis8 g4 b8 e4 d8 a2.}
  \\
  \magnifyMusic 0.7{d,4 c8 <b d>4 a8 <b d>4 a8 <b d>4 <d g>8 <b g'>4. <d fis>2.}
  >>
}
\midi{\tempo 4. = 60}

NORAG Hamburg: Wagner, Der fliegende Holländer, Act 3, Steuermann, lass die Wacht (Sailors' Chorus)

\header{ title = "Nordische Rundfunk" }

% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=NORAG
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"
  \key g \major \time 2/4
  <b' g>16 <a d,>16 <g b,>8 <b g>4~ 8 <a d,>8 <g b,>4
}
\midi {\tempo 4 = 69}

NDR Hamburg

Brahms, Symphony #2, Mvt.1

\header{tagline = ##f title="Nordische Rundfunk"}
% Mvt.1, b.425
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-ndr_010156.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \key d \major \time 3/4
  \partial 4 <fis'' d>8 <g e>
  <a fis>2 <fis d>8 <a fis>
  <d b>4 <cis a> <b g> <b eis,> <a fis>
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "clarinet"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
  \key d \major \partial 4 s4
  <a' fis>2 <fis d>8 <a fis>
  <d b>4 <cis a> <b g> <b cis,> <a d,>
  s8
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<\main \new Staff \acco>>
  \midi {\tempo 4 = 130}
}

(Dominant major ninth chord)

\header{tagline = ##f title="Nordische Rundfunk"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-ndr_rvd_c1975.mp3
main = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "ocarina"
  \key d \major \omit Script
  a4-! cis'-! e'-! g'-! b'-!
  \ottava 1
  a'''4*5/4-! a'''-!
}
accA = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "ocarina"
  \clef bass \key d \major
  r1 r4 a,4*5/4-! a,-!
}
accB = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "tremolo strings"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.4
  \clef "treble_(8)" \key d \major
  <a, cis e g b'>1*2 s4
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<\main \new Staff \accA \new Staff \accB>>
  \midi{
    \tempo 4 = 90
    \set Score.midiReverbLevel = #1.0
  }
}

WERAG Köln:

\header{ title = "Westdeutsche Rundfunk" }
{
% https://www.radiomuseum.org/dsp_audio_clip.cfm?audio_id=2421 [caution: recreation]
% https://www.radiomuseum.org/images/audioimages_klein/Pausezeichen_Koeln.jpg
\set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"
\omit Staff.TimeSignature
\cadenzaOn
dis''2 fis'2 b2
}

WDR Köln: Beethoven, Bundeslied (In allen guten Stunden)

\header{ title = "Westdeutscher Rundfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-wdr_010156.mp3
\relative{
  \key bes \major \partial 4 f'4 <bes f d>\omit\sustainOn f
  <d' bes f>\omit\sustainOff <c a es> <bes f d>2 4*2\fermata
}
\midi{\tempo 4=124 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}

Deutsche Stunde in Bayern München: Wagner, Parsifal, Parsifal bell

\header{ title = "Bayerischer Rundfunk" }

% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=München
{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.3
  \key as \major \clef bass
  \omit Staff.TimeSignature  
  as, es, f, c,
}
\midi {\tempo 4 = 38}

BR München: Wiesberg, de:Solang der alte Peter

\header{ title = "Bayerischer Rundfunk" }

% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=Bayerischer%20Rundfunk,-1963
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.2
  \key es \major \time 3/4 \partial 4 bes4 
  <es bes g>2 4 <g es bes>2 4 <bes g es>2. <g es bes> 
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 112}

Schlesische Funkstunde Breslau: Hohenfriedberger Marsch

\header{tagline = ##f title="SFAG Breslau"}
% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=Breslau
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \partial 4 g''4
  <c e,>4 8. 16 4 <d g,> <e c>8. <d g,>16 <c e,>8. <b d,>16 <c e,>2
}
acco = \relative{
  \partial 4 g'4 c, g' c g c g c,2
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<
  \set Score.midiInstrument = "celesta"
  \new Staff \main \new Staff \acco
  >>
  \midi {\tempo 4 = 88}
}

Sender Freies Berlin: Es-F-B

\header{ title = "SFB" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-sfb_rvd_1975.mp3
<<
<<{\time 2/2 s1 es''2 f'' bes'1}\\{es'2 f' bes1*3/2}>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto "2"{S -- F -- B}
>>
\midi{\tempo 2=54 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric guitar (jazz)"}

Radio Saarbrücken: Kein schöner Land in dieser Zeit

\header{ title = "Saarländischer Rundfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-radio_saarbrucken_1950.mp3
\relative{
  \key f \major \time 3/4 \partial 8*3 c''8 c c
  <f c a>4\omit\sustainOn <a f c> g8 f <g e c>2.\omit\sustainOff
}
\midi{\tempo 4=54 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}

SR Saarbrücken: de:Steigerlied (2nd line: Und er hat sein helles Licht bei der Nacht)

\header{ title = "Saarländischer Rundfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-sr1_europawelle_c1975.mp3
<<
  \new Staff="SR" \relative<<{
    \key f \major \partial 4 \omit Staff.Script
    f'8-. g-. a4-_ a-_ a-_ g8-. a-. bes4-_ g8.-_ 16-. 2
  }\\{a,8-. c-. f4-_ f-_ f-_ c8-. f8-. g4-_ c,8.-_ 16-. 2
  }>>
  \new Lyrics \with{alignAboveContext="SR"}
    \lyricsto "1"{Und er hat sein hel -- les _ Licht bei der Nacht}
>>
\midi{\tempo 4=92 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "french horn"}

SWF Baden-Baden: Mozart, The Magic Flute (Act 2: No.21, Finale: Bald prangt, den Morgen zu verkünden)

\header{ title = "Südwestfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-swf1_1974.mp3
\relative{
  \omit Staff.Script
  \key es \major \partial 4
  <<{
  bes'4-_
  4. d8 es8. d16 c8. f16 es4 d
  } \\ \magnifyMusic 0.7{
  <g, es>4-_
  4. <as f>8 <bes g>8. es,16 as8. f16 <bes g>4 <f bes,>
  }>>
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 72}

SDR Stuttgart: Silcher, Jetzt gang i ans Brünnele

\header{ title = "Süddeutscher Rundfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-sdr_c1970.mp3
\relative{
  \omit Staff.Script
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "clarinet"
  \key bes \major \time 3/4 \partial 4 
  <<{
    f'4-_ bes4.-_ a8-. bes-. c-. d4.-_ es8-. \cadenzaOn d4*2 \bar "|."
  }\\ \magnifyMusic 0.7 {
    s4 r2 f,4-_ bes f bes,4*2
  }>>
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 100}

HR Frankfurt: Hermann Heiss

\header{ title = "Hessischer Rundfunk" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ger-z-hr_rvd_c1975.mp3
{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
  \omit Staff.TimeSignature \cadenzaOn 
  \ottava -1
  <g, f>4\omit\sustainOn 
  \ottava 1
  c'''4.*5/6 a''8*3/2[ e''8 b'8*3/2]
  <a''' f''' d'''>1
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 72}

Radio Bremen: Bach, Mass in B minor, Et in terra pax

\header{ title = "Radio Bremen" }

% https://rias1.de/audiokennung.htm#:~:text=Bremen,-1963
\relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
  \key d \major \omit Script
  r4 <a' fis>4~ 8 <b g>8-. 8 <c a>8-. 8 <b g> <c a> <d b> <b g>2
}
\midi{\tempo 4 = 90}
Hungary Radio Budapest:

Excerpts from the suite 1848 by T.K. Polgar played on three trumpets and two cornets.

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Budapest"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/hng-z-radio_budapest_fdxa_c1976.mp3
common = {\key a \major}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet" \common
  <<{
    e''2-_ a8-. e-. d8.-. fis16-. e1-_
    4.-_ 16-. 16-. a8-. e-. d8.-. fis16-. e1
  }\\ \magnifyMusic 0.7{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
    <cis a>2-_ <e cis>8-. <cis a>-. <b g>8.-. <d b>16-. <cis a>1-_
    4.-_ 16-. 16-. <e cis>8-. <cis a>-. <b g>8.-. <d b>16-. <cis a>1
  }>>
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "french horn" \common
  r4 a'2 e4-_ a e8. 16-. a8-. e-. a4
  r4 a2 e4-_ a e8-. 16-. e-. a8-. e-. a4 s
}
\score{{\omit Staff.Script \main} \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=112}}

Budapest 2

\header{ title = "Hungarian Telephone & Radio" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/hng-z-mtr_budapest2_1942.mp3
\relative{
  \set Score.midiInstrument = "celesta"
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key ges \major
  \repeat unfold 2{<bes'' ges>4 <des bes> <ces as> <des f, des>} <bes ges>4
}
\midi {\tempo 4 = 63}
Israel Kol Yisrael: latter half of Hatikvah played on trumpets and timpani.
\header{tagline=##f title="Kol Yisrael"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/isr-z-voice_of_israel_fdxa_c1976.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet" \key d \minor
  \omit Staff.Script
  <<{
    d'4-_ <d' f,>4-_ 4-_ 4-_ <c a>8-. <d bes>-. <c a>-. <bes g>-.
   \cadenzaOn <a f>2*2
  }\\{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
    d,4-_ d4-_ 4-_ 4-_ d2 \undo\omit Staff.Script d2*2_\fermata
  }>> \bar "|"
}
acco = { 
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "timpani" 
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
  \clef bass \omit Dots s1 s2 d8 a, d
  \repeat tremolo 3 d16*2/3 \repeat tremolo 6 d d4 s
}
\score{<<\new Staff="ISR" \main
\new Lyrics \with{alignAboveContext="ISR"}
  \lyricsto "1"{Od lo av -- dah ti -- kva -- te -- _ nu}
>>
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \unfoldRepeats \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=116}}
Italy Rai Italia Radio: Mechanically generated canary chirping.
\header{tagline=##f title="Rai Italia Radio"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ita-z-rai_international_220907.mp3
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(15)" \omit Staff.TimeSignature
  \time 17/16 \set Timing.beatStructure = 10,3,4
  c''''8-. d-. a'-. bes,-. e-. a16 e8-. a16 es8-. r16
  \time 23/16 \set Timing.beatStructure = 10,5,3,3,2
  a8-. es-. des-. bes-. des-. a'16 des,8-. bes-. a'16 es8-. bes16 des8~ 8
  \time 21/16 \set Timing.beatStructure = 6,10,5
  \grace{bes8}es-. \grace{b}es-. \grace{c}f-.
  \repeat percent 5{\grace{es}bes'-.}
  \grace{es,}bes'16.-. \grace{es,8}bes'16.-. \grace{es,8}ges16 r
  \time 12/8
  \repeat percent 3{\repeat unfold 4{\grace{as16}ges16.-.}}
  \repeat unfold 2{\grace{as16}ges16.-.} \grace{ges16}f16.-. r
}
\score{\main \layout{\context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.7}}}
\score{
\unfoldRepeats \main
\midi{\tempo 4=238 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "ocarina"}
}
\paper{indent=#0 line-width=#120
system-system-spacing = #'((basic-distance . 7))
}
Latvia Radio Riga:
\header{ title = "Latvijas Radio" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/lva-z-radio_riga_1991.mp3
% 0:10 http://www.kurzwelle-historisch.de/radios/UdSSR83_R_Riga_hm.mp3
{
  \time 3/4 \omit Staff.Script
  <<\relative{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9
    c''8.*10/9-_ 16*2/3 <e c>2 \tuplet 3/2 {c8 c c} <e c>2
    <f c>4~ \repeat unfold 2{\tuplet 3/2 {<f c>8 <d a> <f c>}} s4_"//"
  }\\ \relative{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7
    c'8.*10/9-_ 16*2/3 <e c>2 \tuplet 3/2 {<c b>8 8 8} <e bes>2
    <d a>4~ \repeat unfold 2{\tuplet 3/2 {<d a>8 <b f> <d a>}}
  }>>
}
\midi{\tempo 4=54 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "brass section"}
Lithuania Radio Vilnius:

Lietuvininkai we are born

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Vilnius - Lietuvninkai mes esam gimę"} 
% 1:06 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ltu-z-lr_radio_vilnius_180706.mp3

common = {\key es \major \partial 4}
mainA = {es'4 bes'4. 8 8. 16 g8 es es'4. c8 bes2\omit-_}
main = \relative{
  \common \mainA es4 f8 es bes4 es8 c d es c4 bes s8_"//"
}
acco = \relative c,{
  \clef bass \common \mainA
  <es, bes' g'>4 <es bes' as'>8 <es bes' g'> <d bes' f'>4 <c bes' g'>
  <f bes f'> <f a es'> <bes d>
}
\score{\main \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=65 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "choir aahs"}
}

latter half of Anthem of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Vilnius - LTSR Himnas"} 
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ltu-z-radio_vilnius_c1982.mp3
common = {\key f \major \partial 8}
\score{
<<
  \new Staff="ltu"<<\relative{
    \common c'8 f4. 8 g8. e16 d8 c f4 c2 r8 c a'4. 8 bes8. g16 f8 g a2. r4
  }\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6 \relative{
    \common c'8 <c a>4. q8 <d bes>8. 16 <bes g>8 8 <c a>4 <a f>2 s8
    c <f c>4. 8 <g c,>8. <e c>16 <d c>8 <d bes> <c f,>2.
  }
  >>
  \new Lyrics \with{alignAboveContext="ltu"} \lyricsto "1"{Ta -- ry -- bų Są -- jun -- goj}
>>
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=83 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "french horn"}
}
Malaysia Voice of Malaysia: Dondang Sayang www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/mla-z-rtm_vom_150701.mp3
 Netherlands NPO

First eight notes of Wilhelmus, played on:[14]

\header{tagline=##f title="Nederlandse Publieke Omroep"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/hol-z-nos_hilversum4_1982.mp3
common = {\key b \major \partial 4}
\score{
\relative{\mark "Hilversum 4" \common fis'4 b b cis8 dis e cis8 dis2}
}
\score{
<<\relative{
  \common fis'4 \stemDown b_. \stemUp b-. cis8 dis e cis8*2 \grace{dis16*2 cis}dis2
} \\ \magnifyMusic 0.6 \relative{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
  s4 \stemUp <dis'' b>8[ <cis ais>] \stemDown <b gis>[ <ais fis>]
  <gis e> cis, <ais' fis> fis,8*3/2 <b fis' b>2.
}>>
\midi{\tempo 4=122 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "harpsichord"}
}

Radio Netherlands: Carillon version of the Eighty Years' War song Merck toch hoe sterck.

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Netherlands (old)"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/hol-z-radio_netherlands_rvd_c1975.mp3
common = {\key a \minor \time 2/2}
main = \relative{
  \common a'4 gis8 a b4 a8 b c4 b8 a b2
  c4 b8 c d4 c8 d e4. e8 d e c d b2 a
}
acco = \relative{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \common
  <a c>2 <e gis'> <a c> <e' gis>
  <a, e'> <g' bes> <c, g'> <f a> <e, e'>4 <e' gis> <a, c>2 s
}
\score{\main \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 2=53 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "tubular bells"}
}
 Norway
\header{ title = "NRK – Pausesignalet" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/nor-z-radio_norway_1966.mp3
\relative{
  \time 9/4 \omit Staff.TimeSignature a' d a c d c8 a8 b8 g8 a4*2
}
\midi{\tempo 4=86 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"}

Kjenningssignalet: beginning bars of Symphony No.1 "Innover viddene" by Eivind Groven

\header{tagline=##f title="NRK – Kjenningssignalet"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/nor-z-radio_norway_rvd_c1981.mp3
common = {\key es \major \time 3/4 \partial 8}
main = \relative{
  \common bes'8 16 16 d f es d es8~ 8 8 d16 bes8. c16 as8. bes4~ 2 r8 bes8
  16 16 d f es4. des8 ces bes16 as ges4. 8 as bes16 des ces8 bes4 as8
  ges16 f ges f es f ges8~ 8 as ges16 f ges f es f ges8~ 8 f
  es des es2~ 2.
}
acco = \relative{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \clef "treble_(8)" \common s8
  <d' f>4 <c as'>2 <bes g'>4 <as f'> <ges es'>4~ 2.
  <f d'>4 <ges es'> <as f'>4~ 4 <ces es>2 <fes, des'>2.
  <es bes'>2~ 8 <as ces> <es bes'>2~ 8 <as~ des>
  <ces,~ as'>4 ces <es ges bes>4~ 2.
}
\paper{system-system-spacing = #'((basic-distance . 0))}
\score{\main
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.7}}
}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=60 \set Score.midiInstrument = "orchestral harp"}
}
 Poland

Radio Katowice: Sound of a hammer striking an anvil.[16]

Radio Olsztyn: Excerpt from pl:O Warmio moja miła by Feliks Nowowiejski, played on barrel organ.

\header{ title = "Radio Olsztyn" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/pol-z-pr_olsztyn_rvd_1975.mp3
\relative<<{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key f \major \partial 8 c'''8 4. a8 bes4 d f2 c2
}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.7{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 s8 f, e d c d4 bes a4 c8 f a2
}>>
\midi{\tempo 4=88 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}

Polish Radio External Service: Excerpt from Prząśniczka by Stanisław Moniuszko[17]

\header{tagline=##f title="Polish Radio External Service"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/pol-z-radio_polonia_250206.mp3
common = {\key c \minor \time 2/4 \partial 8*3}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "flute" \common
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9 \magnifyMusic 0.7{g'8-. a-. b-.}
  c8.-! 16-. es8-. f-. g4-! c,8-. c-. as'4-! g8-. f-. es4-! d-! c-! s8_"//"
}
acco = <<
\new Staff \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.85 \common
  g'8 a b c16 d c g es g c d c d c g es g c d
  c d c as f as c d c d c as f as c d c4
}
\new Staff {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "steel drums"
  {\set midiMaximumVolume = #0.8 \common s8 s4 c''2}
  \clef "bass_(8)" \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic bass"
  \new Voice{\set midiMaximumVolume = #1.0 g,4.. c,16 2~ 2 4}
}
>>
\score{{\omit Script \main}}
\score{<<\main \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=134}}

Radio Polonia:

Etude No. 12 ("Revolutionary Etude") by Chopin

\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio Polonia"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/pol-z-polish_radio_c1996.mp3
main = \relative{
  \key c \minor
  \partial 16*5 <c'' c'>16[ <d d'>8. <es es'>16] 
  2 r8. <g, c es g>16[ 8. 16] <as c es as>2 <g g'>2
}
acco = \relative{
  \key c \minor \clef bass
  \partial 16*5 s16 s4
  c,16\sustainOn g' c d es g c d es d c g es d c g
  c,\sustainOff\sustainOn g' c d es d c g c,2\sustainOff\sustainOn
  s8\sustainOff
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<\main \new Staff \acco>>
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 120}
}

Military Polonaise by Chopin

\header{ title = "Radio Polonia" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/pol-z-polr1_c1996.mp3
\relative{
  \key a \major \time 3/4
  <<{
    <a'' cis,>8\sustainOn[ r16 <e cis>] q8[ r16 q] <fis d>-.\sustainOff <gis d>-. <a d,>-. <b d,>-. <cis e,>8. <a cis,>16 4
  }\\{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
    <a,, e' a>8[ r16 q] q8[ r16 q] <a e' b'>16-. q-. q-. q-. <a e' a>8. 16 4
  }>>
}
\midi{\tempo 4=66}
Romania Radio Bucharest 1 and Radio Bucharest External Service (pre 1989): Fragment from Cantata anilor luminǎ by Anatol Vieru
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Bucharest"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/rou-z-radio_bucharest_c1985.mp3
ob = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe"  
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.9 \partial 8 
  <<{g'8-. c4-_ d8.-. d16-. e4 c8.-. e16-. g4-_ f8-. e-. d-.}\\
    {g,8-. e4-_ g8.-. g16-. c4 e,8.-. c'16-. e4-_ d8-. c-. b-.}>>
}
bs = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "bassoon"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \partial 8
  r8 r1 <g g'>4-_ 8-. 8-. 8-. s
}
\score{{\omit Staff.Script \ob}}
\score{<<\ob \new Staff \bs>> \midi{\tempo 4=110}}
Russia Voice of Russia: "Great Gate of Kiev" portion of Pictures at an Exhibition by Mussorgsky.
\header{tagline=##f title="Voice of Russia"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/rus-z-vor_is_111111.mp3
sustainOfn = \sustainOff\sustainOn
common = {\key es \major \time 2/2}
mainA = \relative{es''1 f g2 es4 g f2 bes, g'4 bes f es d2 bes g'1}
acco = \relative{
  \clef bass \common <g bes bes'>1 \grace{d4\sustainOn f}<bes bes'>1
  \grace{es,4\sustainOfn g}<bes bes'>2 <c, c' g'>2\sustainOff <d d' bes'> bes
  es'2 <d, bes' bes'>4 <c bes' bes'> <bes bes' f'>2 <g g'>
  \grace{es'4\sustainOfn g}<bes bes'>1
}
\score{{\common \mainA} \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{
<<{\common <<\mainA \\ \transpose c c, \mainA>>}
  \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 2=67 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}
}
Serbia Radio Serbia: Bože pravde, in various renditions.
\header{ title = "Radio Serbia" }

% 0:40 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/srb-irs_100209.mp3
\relative<<{
  \key a \major
  cis'''4 b8 gis a4 b8 cis d4 cis8 b a gis fis4
  a4 b8 cis e4 d cis b8 a \cadenzaOn b2*3\fermata \bar "|"
}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6{
  a,2 fis b a8 gis fis4 d2 e a e2*3
}>>
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=94 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"}
Slovakia Radio Slovakia International: sk:Kto za pravdu horí
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Slovakia International"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/svk-sr_rsi_240408.mp3
mainA = \relative{c'''8 g e f a4 \cadenzaOn g4*2\fermata \bar "|"}
\score{{\clef "treble^(8)" \mainA}}
\score{
<<\mainA \new Staff{\transpose c c,, \mainA s2}>>
\midi{\tempo 4=55 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "fx 4 (atmosphere)"}
}
Union of South Africa Radio RSA (former international service of Apartheid-era South African Broadcasting Corporation): Bokmakierie chirping and first bars of Ver in die Wereld, Kittie, played on guitar.[7][18]
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio RSA"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/afs-z-radio_rsa_1977.mp3
common = {\key e \major \time 2/4}
main =\relative{
  \common b'8 b16 b b8-. a-. gis b4. fis8 a4. gis8 b4.
  b8 b16 b b8-. a-. gis b4. fis8 a gis fis e2
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
  \clef "treble_(8)" \common
  <<{
    <dis' gis>8 16 16 8-. <cis fis>-. <b e> b4 <b b'>8 a cis4 <cis a'>8 b b4 <b b'>8
    <dis gis>8 16 16 8-. <cis fis>-. <b e> b4 <b b'>8 a cis b a
  }\\{
    s2 e4 b b b e b s2 e4 b b b'
  }>>
  \grace{e,,16\omit\sustainOn b'}gis'2
}
\score{\main \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.9}}}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=53 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (nylon)"}
}
Spain Radio Exterior de España: "Generala" (1761,1769) by es:Manuel de Espinosa de los Monteros
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Exterior de España"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/spa-z-ree_c1982.mp3
common = {\key d \major \time 3/8}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta" \common
  fis''8.  e16 d8 fis16 e fis g a g fis8. e16 d8~ \hideNotes d4.
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (steel)"
  \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #0.6 \clef bass \common
  <<{fis'16 d a g' d a fis' d a e' d a fis' d a g' r8}\\{d,8. d d d d d}>>
}
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 8=119}}
Sweden Radio Sweden:

Ut i vida världen ("Out in the Wide World"), composed by Ralph Lundsten[19]

\header{ title = "Radio Sweden" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/swe-z-sr_radio_sweden_070704.mp3
\relative{
  \key c \minor \partial 8*3
  g'8\omit\sustainOn c d es4 g d g c,2 r8 g c f a2 f4 a g1 
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=110 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "vibraphone"}

The opening notes of Carl Michael Bellman's Storm och böljor tystna r'en.[7]

\header{ title = "Radio Sweden" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/swe-sr1_021106.mp3
\relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key es \major \time 3/4
  es''4.. g16 <f bes,>8. as16 <g es>4 <bes f> \cadenzaOn <es g,>4*3\fermata \bar "|"
}
\midi{\tempo 4=79 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"}
  Switzerland

Radio Beromünster: D' Zit isch do, played on music box.

\header{tagline = ##f title="Landessender Beromünster, Bern"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/sui-z-sbc_sr2_rumantsch_1977.mp3
main = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(15)"
  \key d \major \time 2/4
  a'''8 a fis4 a8 a fis4 e8 e16 fis g8 e fis d' a4
}
acco = \relative{
  \clef "treble^(8)" \key d \major
  <<{a''8 a d4 a8 a d4 cis8 cis16 d e8 cis d d a4}
  \\
  {fis4 d fis d a4. e'8 <d fis>2}
  >>
}
\score{\main}
\score{
  <<
  \set Score.midiInstrument = "celesta"
  \main \new Staff \acco
  >>
  \midi {\tempo 4 = 86}
}

Swiss Radio International: de:Lueget, vo Bärgen und Tal.

\header{tagline=##f title="Swiss Radio International"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/sui-z-sri_221000.mp3
common = {\key b \major \time 3/8}
main = \relative{
  \common dis''8. e16 dis8 cis8 fis,8 dis'8 b4. r
  fis8. gis16 fis8 b8 dis8 fis8 cis4.
}
acco = {
  \clef bass \common <b, fis'>4. <fis ais'> <b dis'>4. r
  <dis b>4. <b, dis'>4. <fis ais'>4.*3
}
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4.=58 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "music box"}
}

Red Cross Broadcasting Service: Purcell, The Indian Queen, Trumpet Tune

\header{tagline=##f title="Red Cross Broadcasting Service"}
% http://www.kawamura-photo.sakura.ne.jp/bcl/sound/redcross.mp3
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet" \time 3/4
  g'8-. g16 g e8-. g-. e-. g-. c-. c16 c g8-. c-. g-. c-.
  e-. e16 d c8-. e-. d-. g16 f16*2 \grace{e16*2( f} e4*3/4) s_"//"
}
acco = {
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \clef bass
  <c e'>4-. r r <c e' g'>4-. r r
  <c g' c'>8 c16 d e8-. c-. <g g' b'> g,-. <c g' c'>4
}
\score{{\omit Script \main} \layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=114}}
Turkey Voice of Turkey: Turkish makam, played on piano.
Soviet Union Radio Moscow (former international service of the Soviet Union)

Подмосковные вечера ("Moscow Nights") performed by "Georgy Garanian and Melodia"

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Moscow"}
% 0:30 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/rus-z-rmws_coup_190891.mp3
% https://youtu.be/Zg6CfBtO_uw
#(define (fiver mus) #{ \repeat unfold 5{#mus } #})
v = \applyMusic #fiver \etc
common = {\key f \minor \partial 2}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic guitar (nylon)"
  \common s2 \v f'16*4/5 \v as \v c \v as \v{bes bes} \v as \v g
  \v{c c} \v{bes bes} \v{f f f f}
  \v as \v c \v es \v es \v{f f} \v es \v des
  \v{c c c c} \v{d d} \v{e e} s8
}
acco = <<
  \new Staff \relative<<{
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.7 \clef bass \common s2
    f4 <as c es>4 4. <as c d>8~ 4. <as c des>8~ 2
    <as c>8 <as es' f>4-_ 8 <as bes e>4. <as es' f>8~ 4. <as d f>8~ 8 <as es' f>4.
    <as c es>2 <g as c> <f as es'> <fes g des'>
    <es bes' c>4 f8 g as bes c f <f, b d>4 b8 d e <bes c>-. <c e bes'>4
  }\\{
    \set midiMaximumVolume = #1.0
    s2 f,,4. f8 c4 f8 es bes'4. f'8 bes,4. b8
    c4 c,4. c8 d e f4. 4 c8 bes as8
    4. 4 8 bes c des8 4 8 es8 4 8 as8 4 es8 as4 es8 as
    g8 d g ges4 des8 ges f
  }>>
  \drums{
    <<{
      \common tomh16 16 16 16 toml16 16 8 \grace{cymc16}
      \repeat unfold 16{hh8 hh sn hh}
    }\\{
      r2 \repeat unfold 8{bd4. bd8 r2}
    }>>
  }
>>
\score{
\relative{\key f \minor
  f'4 as c as bes2 as4 g c2 bes f1 as4 c es es f2 es4 des c1 d2 e s8_"//"
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 \context{\Staff \magnifyStaff 0.9}}
}
\score{<<\main \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=132}}

Песня о Родине ("Wide Is My Motherland")

\header{tagline = ##f title="Radio Moscow"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/rus-vgtrk_motherland_is_121212.mp3
main = {\partial 4 d''8 d g4. fis8 e fis g a g4 d2}
acco = {\partial 4 s4 b2 c b2.}
\score{\relative{\key g \major \main}}
\score{
  \relative{
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1" 
    \key g \major
    <<\main \\ \acco>>
  }
  \midi{\tempo 4 = 60}
}
United Kingdom BBC World Service: Trumpet version of Oranges and Lemons; first four notes of Symphony No. 5 by Beethoven, played on timpani; Lillibullero (signature tune).[20]
\header{ title = "BBC - Oranges and Lemons" }

% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/atg-z-bbc_caribbean_relay_c1981.mp3
\relative{\key a \major \time 3/4 \omit Staff.Script
<<{
  e''4-_ cis-_ e-_ cis-_ a b8 cis d4-_ b-_ e-_ cis-_ a2-.
  e'4-_ cis-_ e-_ cis-_ a b8 cis d4-_ b-_ e-_ a,2
}\\{
  a4-_ e-_ a-_ e-_ cis d8 e fis4-_ d-_ gis-_ e-_ cis2-.
  gis'4-_ e-_ gis-_ e-_ fis gis8 a b4-_ d,-_ gis-_ a2
}>> r4
}
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=136 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "pan flute"}
\header{tagline=##f title="BBC - Lillibullero"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/ukg-bbcws_lillibolero_230799.mp3
common = {\key g \major \time 6/4}
mainA = \relative{ \repeat volta 2{
  g'4.-_ a8-. g4-. b2-_ 4-. a4.-_ b8-. a4-. c2.-_
  b4-. d-. g,-. c2-_ b4-. a-. g-. fis-. g2.-_
}}
main = {\set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet" \common \mainA s8_"//"}
acco = <<
\new Staff{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "clarinet"
  \common \transpose c c' \mainA
}
\new Staff \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.9 \clef bass \common
  \repeat volta 2{
  <g, b' d>4 r r <e g' d'> r r <a c' e> r r <d, a'' fis'> r r
  <g b' g'> r r <c, g'' e'> r r <d fis' d'> r r <g g' b> r r
  }
}
>>
\score{{\omit Script \main}
\layout{indent=0 line-width=120}}
\score{\unfoldRepeats <<\main \acco>> \midi{\tempo 2.=106}}
United States World Christian Broadcasting (Alaska KNLS, Madagascar Madagascar World Voice (MWV))

Chariots of Fire by Vangelis

\header{tagline=##f title="KNLS (old) - Chariots of Fire"}
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/als-z-knls_anchor_point_ak_c1988.mp3
\score{
\relative<<{\cadenzaOn
  r8 c'' \tuplet 3/2{f[ g a]} \bar "|"
  g4 e r8*2/3 c \tuplet 3/2{f8[ g a]} \bar "|"
  g2*2/3 r8*2/3 c, \tuplet 3/2{f8[ g a]} \bar "|"
  g4 e r8*2/3 e \tuplet 3/2{f8[ e c]} \bar "|" c2
}\\{
  r4 a g2 r4*2/3 a4 g2*2/3 r4*2/3 a4 g2 s4*2/3 a4 g2
}>>
\layout{indent=#0 line-width=#120 }
\midi{\tempo 4=52 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "celesta"}
}

An unnamed tune by Jeff Brock[21]

\header{ title = "KNLS/MWV - (an unnamed tune)" }

% KNLS https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/als-knls_anchor_point_ak_130724.mp3
% MWV https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/mdg-mwv_lightoflife_150416.mp3
\relative{\key f \major c'4. c'8~ 2~ 4. bes8~ 8 a g f c'4. f,8~ 2~ 1 s8_"//"}
\midi{\tempo 4=130 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 2"}
United States WYFR: First bars of To God Be the Glory by William Howard Doane
\header{tagline=##f title="KNLS/MWV - (an unnamed tune)"}
% 0:05 https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/usa-z-wyfr_fl_290900.mp3
common = {\key bes \major \time 3/4 \partial 4}
main = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet" \common
  <<{
    f'4-_ 2-_ g8.-_ a16 bes4-_ f-_ bes-_ c-_ f,-_ c'-_ d4 s4_"//"
  }\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6{
    d,4-_ 2-_ es8.-_ c16 d4-_ f-_ f8-. g-. f4-_ 4-_ 4-_ f4
  }
  >>
}
acco = \relative{
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = "french horn" \clef bass \common 
  <<{
    bes4-_ 2-_ 8.-_ a16 bes4-_ 8-. a-. bes4-_ a4-_ 4-_ 4-_ bes4
  }\\{
    bes,4-_ 2-_ 4-_ bes,4-_ 8-. c-. d-. es-. f2-_ 4-_ bes,4
  }
  >>
}
\score{{\omit Staff.Script \main}}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>> \midi{\tempo 4=118}}
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Radio Yugoslavia (1980–1989)

Druže Tito, ljubićice bjela anonymous Partisan song, in various orchestral renditions.[22]

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Yugoslavia"}
% 0:19 https://kawamura-photo.sakura.ne.jp/bcl/sound/yugo1990.mp3
common = {\key a \major \time 2/4}
main = \relative{\common e''4 4 d8 e d4 cis8 8 b a b4 4~ \hideNotes 4.}
acco = \relative<<{
  \common cis''8 <e,> cis' q b q b q a a e e a fis <gis e>4~ 4.
}\\{
  a,2 gis fis e4. b'8 e,4. s8
}>>
\score{\main}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=102 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
}

The Internationale

\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Yugoslavia"} 
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/yug-z-radio_yugoslavia_c1980.mp3
\score{
\relative<<{
  \omit Staff.Script \key f \major \time 2/4 \partial 8
  c''8-. f4.-_ e8-. g f-. c-. a-. d2-_ bes2-_
}\\ \magnifyMusic 0.6{
  \set midiMaximumVolume = #0.6
  c,8-. <f a c>4.-_ <e a c>8-. <g a c> <f a c>-. <c f a>-. <a c f>-.
  <d f bes>2-_ <bes d f>2-_
}>>
\midi{\tempo 4=85 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "trumpet"} \layout{}
}
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Serbia and Montenegro Radio Yugoslavia, later International Radio of Serbia and Montenegro: 2nd verse of Svečana Pesma (sr:Свечана песма) by sh:Nikola Hercigonja
\header{tagline=##f title="Radio Yugoslavia"} 
% https://www.intervalsignals.net/sounds/yug-z-radio_yugoslavia_160203.mp3
common = {\key bes \major \partial 4}
main = \relative{
  \common f'8 f bes8. f16 4 g a8 bes c8. f,16 4~ \hideNotes 2
}
acco = \relative{
  \clef bass \common r4
  <<{<bes d>2 <bes es> <a f'>1}\\{bes,1~ 2~ <bes f>2 s8}>>
}
\score{\main \addlyrics{Ju -- go -- sla -- vi -- jo, bor -- ba te ro -- di -- la,}}
\score{<<\main \new Staff \acco>>
\midi{\tempo 4=90 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "electric piano 1"}
}
Classical radio station WQXR-FM in New York City, during its ownership by The New York Times Company, played different variations of a classical infused gong with the ID read at the same time as "The Classical Station of the New York Times, WQXR, New York (And WQXR.com 2000–2009)

Numbers station interval signals

Numbers stations are often named after their interval signals, such as The Lincolnshire Poacher or Magnetic Fields after "Magnetic Fields Part 1" by Jean-Michel Jarre.

References

  1. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: stephensen (2009-10-19). "Pausesignal". Retrieved 2020-04-02 – via YouTube.
  2. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Ο τσομπανάκος σήμα ΕΡΤ). YouTube.
  3. ^ Tuning into broadcast history. The Hindu BusinessLine, 15 October 2015.
  4. ^ "'O'Donnell Abú'". RTÉ.ie.
  5. ^ "Pausenzeichen und ihre musikalischen Quellen". 8 October 2007.
  6. ^ "Радио холбооны анхны өдрүүд..." 4 May 2022.
  7. ^ a b c d Frost, Jens Mathiesen (1983). World Radio TV Handbook. New York: Billboard Publications.
  8. ^ Treiber, Alfred (2007). Ö1 gehört gehört : die kommentierte Erfolgsgeschichte eines Radiosenders (in German). Vienna: Böhlau. p. 218. ISBN 978-3-205-77495-2. OCLC 127107294.
  9. ^ "Internet tunes". Archived from the original (M3U) on 2024-04-18.
  10. ^ "A NOTE ON THE CYPRIOT SONG "TA RIALIA" ("THE MONEY")". 2024-05-29. Retrieved 2025-10-05.
  11. ^ "Radion väliaikamerkki". yle.fi (in Finnish). 4 July 2008. Archived from the original on 2019-06-21.; Audio file (mp3). Archived from the original on 2025-10-01. Retrieved 2025-10-02.
  12. ^ "Pim-Pam-Pulla – YLEn välimerkki, joka jäi mieliin! – Tekniikan museo" (in Finnish). 2021-11-15.
  13. ^ "Deutschlandfunk - Kalter Krieg im Radio" (in German). p. 3. Archived from the original on 2015-01-23.
  14. ^ "Interval Signals Online - Netherlands". www.intervalsignals.net. NOS Hilversum 1-5. Retrieved 2025-10-05.
  15. ^ Andy Emmerson. "The interval signal – Vanishing and endangered species" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-12-08.
  16. ^ "Interval Signals Online - Poland". Katowice (vintage - 1975). Retrieved 2025-10-02., Audio file (mp3). Retrieved 2025-10-02.
  17. ^ "Interval Signals Online - Poland". Radio Polonia (vintage - 2006). Retrieved 2025-10-02.; Audio file (mp3). Retrieved 2025-10-02.
  18. ^ "DX Listening Digest 7-043".
  19. ^ "Signaturer & musikvinjetter | Andromeda" (in Swedish). 1984-05-06. Retrieved 2025-10-02.; Audio file (ogg). Retrieved 2025-10-02.
  20. ^ "BBC World Service - Pausenzeichen-Datenbank". www.intervalsignals.org (in German). Retrieved 2025-10-05.
  21. ^ Image file (jpg). Retrieved 2025-10-04.
  22. ^ "Radio Jugoslawien - Pausenzeichen-Datenbank". www.intervalsignals.org (in German). Retrieved 2025-10-05.

Further reading

  • Sennitt, Andrew G. (1997). World Radio and Television Handbook 1997. Billboard Books. p. 560. ISBN 0-8230-7797-7.
  • Sennitt, Andrew G.; David Bobbitt (December 2005). World Radio and Television Handbook 2006. Billboard Books. p. 608. ISBN 0-8230-7798-5.