Jiuzhang (quantum computer)

Jiuzhang (Chinese: 九章) is the first photonic quantum computer to claim quantum supremacy. Previously quantum supremacy has been achieved only once, in 2019, by Google's Sycamore; however, Google's computer was based on superconducting materials, and not photons.[1]

Jiuzhang was developed by a team from University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) led by Pan Jianwei and Lu Chao-Yang. The computer is named after Jiuzhang suanshu, an ancient Chinese mathematical classic book.

On 3 December 2020, USTC announced in Science that Jiuzhang successfully performed Gaussian boson sampling in 200 seconds (3 minutes 20 seconds), with a maximum of 76 detected photons. The USTC group estimated that it would take 2.5 billion years for the Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer to perform the same calculation.[2]

Experimental setup

The setup involves a Verdi-pumped Mira 900 Ti:sapphire laser which is split into 13 paths of equal intensity and then shone on 25 PPKTP crystals to produce 25 two-mode squeezed states. Through a hybrid encoding this is equivalent to 50 single-mode squeezed states. The purity is increased from 98% to 99% by 12 nm filtering. The 50 single-mode squeezed states are sent into a 100-mode interferometer and sampled by 100 single-photon detectors with an efficiency of 81%.

References

  1. ^ Conover, Emily (2020-12-03). "The new light-based quantum computer Jiuzhang has achieved quantum supremacy". Science News. Retrieved 2020-12-19.
  2. ^ Ball, Philip (2020-12-03). "Physicists in China challenge Google's 'quantum advantage'". Nature. 588 (7838): 380. Bibcode:2020Natur.588..380B. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-03434-7. PMID 33273711.
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