Josep Masana

Josep Masana (16 May 1892 – 4 January 1979) was a Spanish pictorialist photographer associated with the development of artistic and advertising photography in Catalonia in the first half of the twentieth century. His work combined noucentista sensibilities, pictorialist techniques and later avant‑garde approaches, earning him recognition as a versatile figure within Catalan photography.^[1]

Josep Masana Fargas was born in Granollers, in the Province of Barcelona, on 16 May 1892. Sources on his early years are scarce, but biographical summaries indicate that he showed an early interest in photography and entered the medium at a young age.^[2] Masana’s formative years coincided with the consolidation of pictorialism in Catalonia, a movement that sought to assert photography as an art form in dialogue with painting and graphic arts. He became part of a generation that also included Joan Vilatobà, Joaquim Pla Janini and Josep Maria Casals Ariet, who collectively helped shape a specifically Catalan variant of pictorialism^[3]

Masana is described in the specialist literature as one of the representatives of Catalan pictorialism, noted for his versatility and for the variety of themes and visual strategies present in his work. His images frequently employed soft focus, atmospheric lighting and carefully staged compositions aligned with romantic and symbolist tendencies. Within this pictorialist context, Masana explored recurring motifs such as the female body, allegorical figures and expressive portraiture, often with a marked interest in mood and psychological suggestion. Studies of Catalan pictorialism highlight his series on biblical and literary subjects, including images of Salome that combine sensuality and dramatic symbolism.

From the late 1920s and 1930s, Masana participated in the renewal of photography in Barcelona, engaging with avant‑garde visual languages and applied photographic practices. He is mentioned among the pioneers of advertising and industrial photography in Catalonia, alongside figures such as Josep Sala, contributing photomontages and commercial images that integrated modernist graphic design. Works like the photograph commonly titled “Radiators”, preserved at the Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, exemplify his interest in formal abstraction, industrial motifs and close framing. In these images, everyday objects and technical devices are transformed into rhythmic structures, aligning his practice with broader European experiments in New Vision photography.

Masana was active in Catalan photographic circles and participated in exhibitions that helped legitimize photography as an artistic medium, although detailed exhibition chronologies remain limited in the published record. Later assessments in catalogues and overviews of Catalan photography characterize him as a mid‑twentieth‑century “grandmaster” whose oeuvre bridges pictorialism and later modern trends.

His photographs form part of public collections, notably at the Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya and the Museo Reina Sofía, where they are cited in relation to the history of avant‑garde and advertising photography in Spain.^[4][5] Scholarly studies of pictorialism and of the body, allegory and landscape in Catalan photography frequently use Masana’s work as a case study, situating him within a broader network of artists who contributed to the artistic recognition of photography in Catalonia.^[6]

• Zelich, Cristina (1994). Josep Masana, 1892–1979 (in Catalan). Barcelona: Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament de Cultura. ISBN 8439328249.^[18] [

• Ribot Bayé, Cristina (2017). "Una aproximación al pictorialismo en Cataluña: cuerpo, alegoría y paisaje en la fotografía de Vilatobà, Pla Janini, Masana y Casals Ariet". Communication Papers (in Spanish). 6 (11): 67–84.^[19]

• Formiguera, Pere (1995). Fotografia catalana del nostre segle (in Catalan). Barcelona: Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament de Cultura.^[20]

• Zelich, Cristina (1995). "Josep Masana". In Zelich, Cristina (ed.). Fotografia catalana del nostre segle (in Catalan). Barcelona: Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament de Cultura.^[21]