List of common Chinese surnames

These are lists of the most common Chinese surnames in the People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, Macau, and Mainland China), the Republic of China (Taiwan), and the Chinese diaspora overseas as provided by government or academic sources. Chinese names also form the basis for many common Cambodian, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese surnames, and to an extent, Filipino surnames in both translation and transliteration into those languages.

The conception of China as consisting of the "old hundred families" (Chinese: 老百姓; pinyin: Lǎo Bǎi Xìng; lit. 'Old Hundred Surnames') is an ancient and traditional one, the most notable tally being the Song-era Hundred Family Surnames (Chinese: 百家姓; pinyin: Bǎi Jiā Xìng). Even today, the number of surnames in China is a little over 4,000,[1] while the 2000 United States census found there are more than 6.2 million surnames altogether[2] and that the number of surnames held by 100 or more Americans (per name) was just over 150,000.[3]

The Chinese expression "Three Zhang Four Li" (simplified Chinese: 张三李四; traditional Chinese: 張三李四; pinyin: Zhāng Sān Lǐ Sì) is used to mean "anyone" or "everyone",[4] but the most common surnames are currently Wang in mainland China[5] and Chen in Taiwan.[6] A commonly cited factoid from the 1990 edition of the Guinness Book of World Records estimated that Zhang was the most common surname in the world,[7] but no comprehensive information from China was available at the time and more recent editions have not repeated the claim. However, Zhang Wei (张伟) is the most common full name in mainland China.[8]

The top five surnames in China – Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu, Chen – are also the top five surnames in the world, each with over 70-100 million worldwide.

China

This list of the 100 most common Chinese surnames derives from China's Ministry of Public Security's annual report on the top 100 surnames in China, with the latest report release in January 2020 for the year 2019.[9] When the 1982 Chinese census was first published, it did not include a list of top surnames. However, in 2004, the State Post Bureau subsequently used the census data to release a series of commemorative stamps in honor of the then-most-common surnames in 2004.[10][11]

The summary of the 2007 survey revealed China had approximately 92,881,000 Wangs (7.25% of the population), 92,074,000 Lis (7.19%), and 87,502,000 Zhangs (6.83%).[5]

A 2018 survey showed that Liu and Chen were the next most common China with more than 70 million each.[12]

These top five surnames – Wang, Lee (Li), Zhang, Liu, Chen – alone accounted for more people than Indonesia, the fourth most populous country in the world,[13]

The next five – Yang, Huang, Zhao, Wu, and Zhou – were each shared by more than 20 million Chinese. Twelve more – Xu, Sun, Ma, Zhu, Hu, Guo, He, Gao, Lin, Luo, Zheng, and Liang – were each shared by more than 10 million.[12]

All together, the top hundred surnames accounted for 84.77% of China's population.[5][14]

Surname list

Romanizations
Rank Character Mandarin Cantonese Min Nan Hakka Gan Wu Other
2019 Trad. Simp. Pinyin Wade–Giles Jyutping HK Other POJ[a] Other PFS Other GP Other Shanghainese romanization Other
1 王 Wáng Wang2 Wong4 Wong Vang Ông Wung
Heng
Vòng Wong Uōng Wong Waon Whang Viet. Vương
Kor. Wang (왕)
Jpn. Ō
Phil. Ong, Wong, Wang, Heng
2 李 Lǐ Li3 Lei5 Lee
Li
Ly Lí Lee Lí Lee Lî Lee Li Lee Viet. Lý
N. Kor. Ri (리),
S. Kor. Yi, Lee, Rhee (이)
Jpn. Ri
Phil. Dy, Lee, Li, Dee, Sy
3 張 张 Zhāng Chang1 Zoeng1 Cheung Cheong
Chong
Tiuⁿ (X, Q, K, T)
Tioⁿ (Z)
Teo
Teoh
Tio
Chông Chong Tong Cheong
Thong
Tsan Tzan Zan Viet. Trương
Kor. Jang (장)
Jpn. Chō
Phil. Tiu, Tiong, Chong
Idn. Sutiono, Tjong
4 劉 刘 Liú Liu2 Lau4 Lau Lao
Lou
Lưu
Lâu Lau
Low
Lao
Liù Liew Liu Lew
Lieu
Lieu Lio Viet. Lưu
Kor. Yu/Yoo (유)
Phil. Lao, Lew
Jpn. Ryū
5 陳 陈 Chén Ch'en2 Can4 Chan Chun
Chean
Chin
Tân Tan
Tang
Ting
Chhìn Chin Thín Thin
Chin
Zen Tchen Viet. Trần
Kor. Jin (진)
Phil. Tan, Chan, Tantoco, Tanteksi
Jpn. Chin
6 楊 杨 Yáng Yang2 Joeng4 Yeung Yeong
Ieong
Young
Iûⁿ (X, Q, K, T)
Iôⁿ (Z)
Yeoh
Yeo
Yo
Nyo
Yòng Yong
Yeong
Iōng Yeong Yan Yang Ian Viet. Dương
Kor. Yang (양)
Phil. Yu, Young, Yung, Yang, Yana, Yongco, Yuchengco
Jpn. Yō
Misc. Yana
7 黃 黄 Huáng Huang2 Wong4 Wong Wang
Vong
N̂g (X, Q, K, T)
Ûiⁿ (Z)
Ng
Ung
Ooi
Uy
Wee
Vòng Wong
Wung
Uōng Wong
Fong
Waon Whang Viet. Hoàng/Huỳnh
Kor. Hwang (황)
Phil. Ng, Uy, Wee, Wong
Jpn. Kō
8 趙 赵 Zhào Chao4 Ziu6 Chiu Chu
Chio
Jiu
Tiō (X, Z, K, T)
Tiǒ (Q)
Teo
Teoh
Chhau Chau Thèu Cheu
Chew
Zau Zo Viet. Triệu
Kor. Jo (조)
Phil. Tio, Chiu, Chio, Chu
Jpn. Chō
9 吳 吴 Wú Wu2 Ng4 Ng Ung, Eng Gô͘
Ngô͘ (X, Q, K, T)
Goh Ǹg Ng Ng Ng Wu
Ng
Eng Woo Viet. Ngô
Kor. Oh (오)
Jpn. Go / Kure
Phil. Go, Ngo, Goh, Wu, Gozon, Gozum, Cinco, Gochian, Gokongwei, Gosiengfiao
Misc. Woo
10 周 Zhōu Chou1 Zau1 Chow
Chau
Jao,
Chau,

Chao

Chiu Chew
Jew
Chiû Chew
Chiew
Tiu Chew
Cheu
Tseu Tzo Viet. Chu, Châu
Kor. Ju (주)
Jpn. Shū
Phil. Chiu, Jao, Chow
Misc. Joe
11 徐 Xú Hsü2 Ceoi4 Tsui Choi
Chui
Tsua
Chhî (X, Z, K, T)
Sîr (Q)
Chee
Cher
Cheu
Swee
Ji
Jee
Chhì Chi Chhié Chee
Chui
Zee Zi Viet. Từ
Kor. Seo (서)
Jpn. Sho
Phil. Choi
Idn. Dharmadjie
Christiadjie
12 孫 孙 Sūn Sun1 Syun1 Suen Sun Sng (X, Q, K, T)
Sun (X, Q, K, T)
Suiⁿ (Z)
Sng
Soon
Sûn Sun Sun Suen Sen Sun Viet. Tôn
Kor. Son (손)
Jpn. Son
Phil. Suan, Soon, Son
13 馬 马 Mǎ Ma3 Maa5 Ma Mah
Mar
Má
Bé (K, T)
Bey
Beh
Baey
Mâ Ma Mâ Mâ Mo Mu
Ma
Viet. Mã
Kor. Ma (마)
Phil. Ma/Mapua
Jpn. Ba
14 朱 Zhū Chu1 Zyu1 Chu Chue Chu Choo Chû Choo Tu Chu Tsy
Tsyu
Tzu
Chu
Viet. Châu
Kor. Ju (주)
Jpn. Shu
Phil. Chu
Can. Gee
Misc. Ju
15 胡 Hú Hu2 Wu4 Wu Woo,
Vu
Ô͘ Oh
Ow
Aw
Fù Foo Ū Wu
Foo
Wu Woo Viet. Hồ
Kor. Ho (호)
Jpn. Ko
Phil. Hu, Ho
16 郭 Guō Kuo1 Gwok3 Kwok Kuok Koeh (Z, K, T)
Keh (X)
Kerh (Q)
Kueh
Koay
Quay
Kwek
Quek Kwik
Kwok Kwok
Kok
Kuok Kwok Koh Goh
Kueh
Koq
Viet. Quách
Kor. Gwak (곽)
Jpn. Kaku
Phil. Que, Cue, Quezon, Quison, Ker, Kho, Kwok, Kue
17 何 Hé Hê2
Ho2
Ho4 Ho Hoe Hô Ho
Hor
Hou
Hò Ho Hó Ho Wu Woo Viet. Hà
Kor. Ha (하)
Phil. Ho
Jpn. Ka
18 林 Lín Lin2 Lam4 Lam Lum Lîm Lim Lìm Lim Līm Līm Lin Ling Viet. Lâm
Kor. Lim/Im/Rim
(임/림)
Phil. Lim
Jpn. Rin/Hayashi
19 高 Gāo Kao1 Gou1 Ko Kou
Go
Ko (X, Z, K, T)
Ko͘ (Q)
Ko
Kor
Kô
Kau
Koo Kou Kou Kau Ko
Gau
Viet. Cao
Kor. Go (고)
Jpn. Kō
Phil. Caw, Co, Ko, Gao
20 羅 罗 Luó Lo2 Lo4 Lo Law
Loh, Lowe
Lor
Lô Lo
Lor
Law
Lò Law
Lo
Loh
Lō Lō
Law
Lu Loo Viet. La
Kor. Na/La/Ra
(나/라)
Phil. Lo
Jpn. Ra
21 鄭 郑 Zhèng Cheng4 Zeng6 Cheng Cheang
Chiang
Tēⁿ (K)
Tīⁿ (X, T)
Tìⁿ (Q)
Tēeⁿ (Z)
Tay
Teh
Tey
Chhang Chang Thàng Zen Zung Viet. Trịnh
Kor. Jeong (정)
Jpn. Tei
Phil. Ty, Tee, Cheng, Chiang
22 梁 Liáng Liang2 Loeng4 Leung Leong
Lang
Leng
Niû (X, Q, K, T)
Niô͘ (Z)
Neo Liòng Leong Liōng Lian Viet. Lương
Kor. Yang/Ryang (양/량)
Phil. Leong, Liong, Leung, Niu
Jpn. Ryō
23 謝 谢 Xiè Hsieh4 Ze6 Tse Che Chiā (Z, K)
Siā (X, T)
Sià (Q)
Chia
Cheah
Seah
Tshia Cheah Chhià Zia Viet. Tạ
Kor. Sa (사)
Jpn. Sha
Can. Tsia
Phil. Sia, Saa, Sese, Chia, Tse
Misc. Shie
24 宋 Sòng Sung4 Sung3 Sung Sòng
Sàng (K, T)
Song Sung Song
Soong
Sūng Son Sung
Soong
Viet. Tống
Kor. Song (송)
Jpn. Sō
Phil. Song, Songco, Soong, Sung
Misc. Soong
25 唐 Táng T'ang2 Tong4 Tong Tn̂g
Tông (X, Z, K, T)
Tng
Tang
Thòng Tong
Thong
Thóng Daon Daan Viet. Đường
Kor. Dang (당)
Phil. Teng
Jpn. Tō
26 許 许 Xǔ[17] Hsü3 Heoi2 Hui Hoi Khó͘ Koh
Khoh
Ko
Hí Hee Hé Siu Syu
Shiu
Viet. Hái, Hứa
Kor. Heo (허)
Jpn. Kyo
Phil. Kho, Ko, Co, Kaw, Cojuangco
27 鄧 邓 Dèng Teng2 Dang6 Tang Theng Tēng (X, Z, K, T)
Tèng (Q)
Teng Then Then

Thien


Then
Thèn Den Viet. Đặng
Kor. Deung (등)
Jpn. Tō
Phil. Deang/Teng, Tengco, Tangco
28 韓 韩 Hán Han2 Hon4 Hon Hân Hang
Han
Hòn Hon Hón Ghoe Reu Viet. Hàn
Kor. Han (한)
Jpn. Kan
Misc. Hang
29 馮 冯 Féng Feng2 Fung4 Fung Fong Pâng Pang Fùng
Phùng
Foong Fūng Von Vong Viet. Phùng
Kor. Pung (풍)
Jpn. Hō
Phil. Fung, Pangco, Pang
30 曹 Cáo Ts'ao2 Cou4 Cho
Tso
Chaw Chô (X, Z, K, T)
Chô͘ (Q)
Chow Tshò
Tshàu
Cho
Chaw
Chhóu Zau Zo Viet. Tào
Kor. Jo (조)
Jpn. Sō
31 彭 Péng P'eng2 Pang4 Pang Banh Phêⁿ (K)
Phîⁿ (X, Q, T)
Phêeⁿ (Z)
Peh
Phe
Phàng Phang Pháng Ban Viet. Bành
Kor. Paeng (팽)
Jpn. Hō
Phil. Beng, Pang, Pangco
Khmer Pay
32 曾 Zēng Tseng1 Zang1 Tsang Chang
Dong
Chan Chan Tsên Chen Chen Tsen Tzen
Tsung
Viet. Tăng
Kor. Jeung (증)
Jpn. Sō
Idn. Tjan
Phil. Chan, Chang
Misc. Tzeng
33 蕭 萧 Xiāo Hsiao1 Siu1 Siu
Shiu
Sio Siau (X, Z, K, T)
Sio (X, Q, K, T)
Seow
Siau
Siow
Siâu Siew
Siaw
Sieu Siau Shio Viet. Tiêu
Kor. So (소)
Phil. Siao, Syaw, Shau, Shao, Shaw
Jpn. Shō
34 田 Tián T'ien2 Tin4 Tin Chan Tiân Chan
Chang
Thièn Thien
Then
Thién Di Dee Viet. Điền
Kor. Jeon (전)
Phil. Tian, Tien
Jpn. Ten
35 董 Dǒng Tung3 Dung2 Tung Tong Táng
Tóng (Z)
Tong Túng Tung Tûng Ton Tung
Toong
Viet. Đổng
Kor. Dong (동)
Phil. Tong, Tung
Jpn. Tō
36 潘 Pān P'an1 Pun1 Poon
Pun
Pun Phoaⁿ Phua Phân Pan
Phan
Phon Phoe Poe Viet. Phan
Kor. Ban (반)
Jpn. Han
Phil. Pua, Pan, Poon
37 袁 Yuán Yüan2 Jyun4 Yuen Wan Oân Wang Yèn Yen Iōn Yoe Yoo
Yeu
Viet. Viên
Kor. Won (원)
Jpn. En
Phil. Yan
38 蔡 Cài Ts'ai4 Coi3 Choi Choy
Tsoi
Toy
Chhoà Chua Chhai Chai
Choi
Chhói Tsa Viet. Thái
Sái
Kor. Chae (채)
Jpn. Sai
Can. Chai
Phil. Chua, Chuah, Cua, Choa, Choi, Chai, Tsai
Misc. Tsay
39 蔣 蒋 Jiǎng Chiang3 Zoeng2 Tseung Cheung Chiúⁿ (X, Q, K, T)
Chióⁿ (Z)
Cheoh
Chioh
Tsiòng Cheong Chiông Cian Jian Viet. Tưởng
Kor. Jang (장)
Jpn. Shō
Phil. Chio, Chiu, Chung
40 余 Yú Yü2 You4 Yu
Yue
U
Yee
Î (Z, K, T)
Û (X, K, T)
Îr (Q)
Ee
Eu
Yì Yee Uī Yu Viet. Dư
Kor. Yeo (여)
Jpn. Yo
Idn. Ie, Iman, Oe
Phil. Yee, Yu
41 于 Yú Yü2 You1 Yue U Î (Z)
Û (X)
U (Q, K, T)
Yee Yî Yee Uī Iu Ü
Yu
Viet. Vu
Kor. U (우)
Jpn. U
42 杜 Dù Tu4 Dou6 To Do
Tou
Tō͘ (X, Z, K, T)
Tǒ͘ (Q)
Toh Thu To
Toh
Thù Du Viet. Đỗ
Kor. Du (두)
Jpn. To
Phil. To
43 葉 叶 Yè Yeh4 Jip6 Yip Ip
Yeap
Ia̍p Yap Ya̍p Yap Iep Yih Yiq Viet. Diệp
Kor. Seop/Yeop
(섭/엽)
Jpn. Yō
Phil. Yap, Ip
Misc. Yee, Ee
44 程 Chéng Ch'eng2 Cing4 Ching Cheng Thiâⁿ (X, Q, K, T)
Thêeⁿ (Z)
Thia Chhàng
Chhìn
Chang
Chin
Tháng Zen Zung Viet. Trình
Kor. Jeong (정)
Jpn. Tei
45 魏 Wèi Wei4 Ngai6 Ngai   Gūi (X, Z, K, T)
Gùi (Q)
Ngwee
Ngui
Ngui Ngui
Wee
Ngùi Ngue
We
Wae Viet. Nguỵ
Ngụy
Kor. Wi (위)
Jpn. Gi
Phil. Wee
46 蘇 苏 Sū Su1 Sou1 So
Sou So͘ Soh Sû Soo Su Su Soo Viet. Tô
Kor. So (소)
Jpn. So
Phil. So, Solon
Misc. Soo
47 呂 吕 Lǚ Lü3 Leoi5 Lui Loi Lū (X, T)
Lī (Z, K)
Lǐr (Q)
Lee
Leu
Ler
Loo
Lî Lee Liê Li Lee Viet. Lữ
Lã
Kor. Yeo/Ryeo
(여/려)
Jpn. Ryo
Phil. Lu, Loo, Luy
48 丁 Dīng Ting1 Ding1
Teng4
Ting Ding
Teng Teng Tén Ten Tiang Tin Viet. Đinh
Kor. Jeong (정)
Jpn. Tei
Phil. Ting, Tin
49 任 Rén Jen4 Jam6 Yam Iam
Yum
Jîm (Z, K)
Lîm (X, Q)
Līm (T)
Jim Ngim Ngim
Yim
Nìm Nin Nying Viet. Nhiệm
Nhậm
Kor. Im (임)
Jpn. Jin
50 盧 卢 Lú Lu2 Lou4 Lo Lou Lô͘ Loh Lù Loo Lū Lu Viet. Lư
Lô
Kor. No/Ro
(노/로)
Jpn. Ro
51 姚 Yáo Yao2 Jiu4 Yiu Yeow
Io
Iu
Iâu Yeo Yào Yow Iēu Yau Yau Viet. Diêu
Kor. Yo (요)
Jpn. Yō
Phil. Yao
52 沈 Shěn Shen3 Sam2 Shum
Sum
Sham
Sam
Shum
Sím Sim Shím
Sím
Sim Sím Sen Sung Viet. Thẩm
Trầm
Kor. Sim/Shim (심)
Jpn. Shin
53 鍾 钟 Zhōng Chung1 Zung1 Chung Chong Chiong
Cheng (K, T)
Cheng Chûng
Tsung
Choong
Chung
Tung Tson Tzon
Tsung
Viet. Chung
Kor. Jong (종)
Jpn. Shō
Phil. Chiong, Chong, Chung
54 姜 Jiāng Chiang1 Goeng1 Keung Geung
Keong
Khiang (Z)
Khiong (X, K, T)
Khiuⁿ (Q)
Kiang Kiông Keong Kiong Cian Jian Viet. Khương
Kor. Kang (강)
Jpn. Kyō
55 崔 Cuī Ts'ui1 Ceoi1 Chui Choi Chhui Chui
Chwee
Tshûi Chooi Chhoi Tsoe Tseu Viet. Thôi
Kor. Choi (최)
Jpn. Sai
Misc. Tseui
56 譚 谭 Tán T'an2 Taam4 Tam Tom
Ham
Hom
Thâm Tham Thàm Tham Thóm De Dae Viet. Đàm
Kor. Dam (담)
Jpn. Tan
Phil. Tam
57 陸 陆 Lù Lu4 Luk6 Luk Lok Lio̍k Loke
Lek
Liu̍k Luk Liuk Loh Loq Viet. Lục
Kor. Yuk/Ryuk
(육/륙)
Jpn. Riku
Phil. Diokno
58 范 Fàn Fan4 Faan6 Fan   Hoān (X, Z, K, T)
Hoǎn (Q)Hwan
Huang
Hoan
Hwan
Fam Fam
Hoan
Hwan
Fàn Ve Vae Viet. Phạm
Kor. Beom (범)
Jpn. Han
Phil. Juan, Hwan
59 汪 Wāng Wang1 Wong1 Wong Wung   Ong (X, Q, K, T)
Óng (Z)
Wang Vong Wong Uong Waon Whang Viet. Uông
Kor. Wang (왕)
Jpn. Ō
Phil. Ong, Ang
60 廖 Liào Liao4 Liu6 Liu Lew
Leow
Liew
Lio
Liāu (X, Z, K, T)
Liàu (Q)
Leow
Liau
Liow
Liau Liew
Liau
Lièu Liau Viet. Liêu
Liệu
Kor. Ryo (료)
Jpn. Ryō
61 石 Shí Shih2 Sek6 Shek Sek
Seac
Seak
Chio̍h Chioh
Cheoh
Sha̍k
Sak
Shak Sak Zah Zaq Viet. Thạch
Kor. Seok (석)
Jpn. Seki
62 金 Jīn Chin1 Gam1 Kam Gum Kim Kim Kîm Kim Kim Cin Jin Viet. Kim
Kor. Kim (김)
Jpn. Kin
63 韋 韦 Wéi Wei2 Wai4 Wai Vai Ûi (X, Q, K, T)
Úi (Z)
Wee Vúi
Vì
Wooi
Wee
Uī We Viet. Vi
Kor. Wi (위)
Jpn. I
Phil. Wee, Uy
64 賈 贾 Jiǎ Chia3 Gaa2 Ka Ga  Ká (X, Q, K, T)
Kée (Z)
Kia Ká Ka Kâ Cia Jia Viet. Giả
Kor. Ga (가)
Go (고)
Jpn. Ka
65 夏 Xià Hsia2 Haa6 Ha   Hē (K, T)
Hā (X, K, T)
Hà (Q)
Hēe (Z)
Hah
Hay
Ha Ha Hà Gho Ya
Wo
Viet. Hạ
Kor. Ha (하)
Jpn. Ka
66 傅 Fù Fu4 Fu6 Fu
Foo
  Pò͘ Poh Fu Fu Fù Fu Foo Viet. Phó
Kor. Bu (부)
Jpn. Fu
Phil. Po
67 方 Fāng Fang1 Fong1 Fong   Hong (X, Q, K, T)
Png (X, Q, K, T)
Puiⁿ (Z)
Pung Fông Fong Fong Faon Faan Viet. Phương
Kor. Bang (방)
Jpn. Hō
68 鄒 邹 Zōu Tsou1 Zau1 Chau
Chow
Jao
Chau
Chau (K, T)
Cho͘ (X, Z, K, T)
Cho (Q)
Che (Z)
Chou
Choh
Tsêu Chew
Chiew
Chiu Tseu Tzeu Viet. Trâu
Kor. Chu (추)
Jpn. Shū
Phil. Chou
69 熊 Xióng Hsiung2 Hung4 Hung Hong Hîm Him Yùng Yoong Hiūng Yon Yoong Viet. Hùng
Kor. Ung (웅)
Jpn. Yū
Phil. Hung
70 白 Bái Pai2 Baak6 Pak Bahk Pe̍h
Pe̍k (Z)
Peh Pha̍k Pak
Phak
Phak Bah Baq Viet. Bạch
Kor. Baek (백)
Jpn. Haku
Misc. Bo
71 孟 Mèng Meng4 Maang6 Mang   Bēng (X, Z, K, T)
Bèng (Q)
Meng Men Mang Màng Man Viet. Mạnh
Kor. Maeng (맹)
Jpn. Mō
72 秦 Qín Ch'in2 Ceon4 Chun Tseun
Tseon
Chon
Chîn Ching Tshìn Chin Chhín Zhin Zin Viet. Tần
Kor. Jin (진)
Jpn. Shin
Phil. Ching
73 邱 Qiū1 Ch'iu1 Jau1 Yau Iao
Iau
Khu Khoo
Kho
Khiû
Hiû
Hew
Khew
Khiu Chieu Viet. Khâu
Kor. Gu (구)
Jpn. Kyū
Mal. Hew, Hiew
Chiew
Phil. Coo, Khoo
Misc. Chiou
74 侯 Hóu Hou2 Hau4 Hau Hao Hô͘ (X, Z)
Hâu (Q, K, T)
Kâu (X, Q, Z)
Hoh
Hau
Hèu Hew Héu Gheu Roe Viet. Hầu
Kor. Hu
(후
Jpn. Kō
Phil. Caw, Ho
75 江 Jiāng Chiang1 Gong1 Kong   Kang Kang Kông Kong Kong Kaon Kang Viet. Giang
Kor. Gang (강)
Jpn. Kō
Phil. Kang
Misc. Kiang
76 尹 Yǐn Yin3 Wan5 Wan   Ún (K, T)
Ín (X, Q, Z)
Un
Eun
Eung
Yún Yoon Ín Yin Viet. Doãn
Kor. Yun (윤)
Jpn. In
Phil. Unson
77 薛 Xuē Hsüeh1 Sit3 Sit   Sih Siet Set Siot Shih Siq Viet. Tiết
Kor. Seol (설)
Jpn. Setsu
78 閻 阎 Yán Yen2 Jim4 Yim Im Giâm Ngiam Ngiàm Ngiam
Yam
Iēm Ni Gni
Nyi
Viet. Diêm
Kor. Yeom (염)
Jpn. En
79 段 Duàn Tuan4 Dyun6 Tuen Tun Toān (X, Z, K, T)
Toàn (Q)
Tng
Teung
Thon Ton
Thon
Thòn Doe Deu Viet. Đoàn
Kor. Dan (단)
Jpn. Dan
80 雷 Léi Lei2 Leoi4 Lui Loi Lûi Lui Lùi Looi
Lui
Lōi Le Lae
Lei
Viet. Lôi
Kor. Roe (뢰)
Noe (뇌)
Jpn. Rai
Phil. Lui, Luy
Hoisan Louie, Louis
81 龍 龙 Lóng Lung2 Lung4 Lung
Loong
Long Lêng (K, T)
Liông
Leng
Liong
Liùng Loong Liūng Lon Lung Viet. Long
Kor. Yong/Ryong
(용/룡)
Jpn. Ryō
Phil. Leong, Liong, Wee
82 黎 Lí Li2 Lai4 Lai   Lê
  • Loy
  • Loi
  • Lì
  • Lài
  • Lee
  • Lai
Lī Lí Lee Viet. Lê
Kor. Yeo/Ryeo
(여/려)
Jpn. Rei
83 史 Shǐ Shih3 Si2 Sze Si
  • Sú (X, Z, K, T)
  • Sái (X, Q)
  • Sír (Q)
  • Ser
  • Seu
  • Sze
Sṳ́
  • Soo
  • Sze
Sî Sy Si Viet. Sử
Kor. Sa (사)
Jpn. Shi
Phil. Sze
84 陶 Táo T'ao2 Tou4
  • To
  • Tao
Tow Tô (X, Z, K, T)
Tô͘ (Q)
Thô (Q)
Tow Thàu
Thò
Tao
Tow
Thóu Dau Do Viet. Đào
Kor. Do (도)
Jpn. Tō
Phil. To
85 賀 贺 Hè Hê4
Ho4
Ho6 Ho   Hō (X, Z, K, T)
Hò (Q)
Hor Ho
Fo
Ho Hò Wu Woo Viet. Hạ
Kor. Ha (하)
Jpn. Ka
86 毛 Máo Mao2 Mou4 Mo Mou Mô͘ Mor Mô
Mâu
Mo
Mao
Mōu Mau Mo Viet. Mao
Kor. Mo (모)
Jpn. Bō
87 郝 Hǎo Hao3 Kok3 Kok   Hok Hak Khok   Hok Heh Heq Viet. Hác
Kor. Hak (학)
Jpn. Kaku
88 顧 顾 Gù Ku4 Gu3 Ku Goo
Gu
Khoo
Kò͘ Koh Ku Koo Kū Go Ku Koo
Gu
Viet. Cố
Kor. Go (고)
Jpn. Ko
Phil. Coo, Khoo, Gu
89 龔 龚 Gōng Kung1 Gung1 Kung Kwong Kéng (X, Q, K, T)
Kiong (Z)
Kiûng Kong Kiung Cion Jiong
Jun
Viet. Cung
Kor. Gong (공)
Jpn. Kyō
90 邵 Shào Shao4 Siu6 Siu
Shiu
Shaw
Sio
Siō (X, K, T)
Siāu (Z, K, T)
Siàu (Q)
Seow
Sioh
Shau
Sau
Shao Sèu Zau Zo Viet. Thiệu
Kor. So (소)
Jpn. Shō
Phil. Siao, Syaw, Shau, Shao, Shaw
91 萬 万 Wàn Wan4 Maan6 Man Meng  Bān (X, Z, K, T)
Bàn (Q)
Buang Van Wan
Man
Màn Vae
Mae
Ve
Me
Viet. Vạn
Kor. Man (만)
Jpn. Ban
Phil. Man
92 覃 Tán / Qín T'an2 Taam4 Tam Thâm   Thàm   Thóm Dae De Viet. Tán
Kor. Dam (담)
Jpn. Tan
Phil. Tam
93 武 Wǔ Wu3 Mou5 Mo Mou Bú Boo Vú Moo
Woo
Mú Wu Ghu
Woo
Viet. Vũ
Võ
Kor. Mu (무)
Jpn. Bu
94 錢 钱 Qián Ch'ien2 Cin4 Chin Chee Chîⁿ Chee Tshièn Chen Chhién Zhi Zee Viet. Tiền
Kor. Jeon (전)
Jpn. Sen
Phil. Chi
95 戴 Dài Tai4 Daai3 Tai Tè (X, Z, K, T)
Tèr (Q)
Tai Tai Tai Thài Ta Da Viet. Đái
Đới
Kor. Dae (대)
Jpn. Tai
Phil. Te
96 嚴 严 Yán Yen2 Jim4 Yim Im Giâm Ngiam Ngiàm Yam Ngiēm Ni Gni
Nyi
Viet. Nghiêm
Kor. Eom (엄)
Jpn. Gen
Phil. Gan
97 歐 欧 Ōu Ou1 Au1 Au Au Eu Eu Jpn. Ō
98 莫 Mò Mo4 Mok6  Mok Bo̍h (K, T)
Bo̍k
Mok Mo̍k Mok Mok Moh Moq Viet. Mạc
Kor. Mo (모)
Jpn. Baku
99 孔 Kǒng K'ung3 Hung2 Hung Khóng Kong
Khong
Khúng Koong
Khoong
Khúng Khon Kung Viet. Khổng
Kor. Kong (공)
Jpn. Kyō
Phil. Consunji, Kong, Hung
100 向 Xiàng Hsiang4 Hoeng3  Heung  Hiòng (X, Q, K, T)
Hiàng (Z)
Hiang Hióng Hiòng Shian Hian Viet. Hưởng
Kor. Hyang (향)
Jpn. Kyō
101 常 Cháng Ch'ang2 Soeng4  Sheung Siông (X, Q, K, T)
Siâng (Z)
Sioh
Seoh
Sòng Song Sōng Zan Viet. Thường
Kor. Sang (상)
Jpn. Shō
Misc. Sōng, Thōng
102 湯 汤 Tāng T'ang1 Tong1  Tong Thng Tng
Teung
Thông Thong
Tong
Thong Thaon Thaan Viet. Thang
Jpn.  Tō
Phil. Tang
103 康 Kāng Kang1 Hong1  Hong Khng Kang
Khang
Không Khong
Kong
Khong Khaon Khaan Viet. Khang
Kor. Gang (강)
Jpn. Kō
Phil. Kang
104 易 Yì I4 Yi6
Yik6 
Yik    E̍k (X, Z, K, T)
Ia̍k (Q)
Ek Yit   Iak I
Yih
Yiq Viet. Dịch
Kor. Yee (이)
Jpn.  Eki, I
105 喬 乔 Qiáo Ch'iao2 Kiu4   Kiu Kiâu Keow
Kiao
Khiàu Kiew
Khiew
Khiéu Jiau Djio
Jioh
Viet. Kiều
Kor. Kyo (교)
Jpn. Kyō
106 賴 赖 Lài Lai4 Laai6 Lay Lai Lōa (X, Z, K, T)
Lòa (Q)
Nai Lai Lài Lài La Le
Lae
Viet. Lại
Kor. Roe (뢰)
Noe (뇌)
Jpn. Rai
107 文 Wén When2 Man4  Man Bûn Boon Vùn Voon Mūn Ven Vung Viet. Văn
Kor. Moon (문)
Jpn. Bun 
108 施 Shī Shih1 Si1  Si Xi Si
Soa
Sy
Sua
Sṳ̂ Sii´ Sy Si Viet. Thí
Kor. Si (시)
Jpn. Shi, I 
Phil. Sy, See, Sze
109 洪 Hóng Hung2 Hung4  Hung Huhng Âng
Hông
Ang
Hong
Fùng Fung Ghon Won
Ung One
Viet. Hồng
Kor. Hong (홍)
Jpn. Kō 
Phil. Ang, Hong
110 辛 Xīn Hsin1 San1  San Sen Sîn Sin Sîn Xin´ Sîng Shin Sin Viet. Tân
Kor. Shin (신)
Jpn. Shin 
Phil. Sin, Sing, Singson
111 柯 Kē kʻo1 O1  O Ngo Koa, 

Kho

Ko, 

Ker, 

Quah, 

Kwa

Khô Ko´ Khu Koo Viet. Kha
Kor. Ga (가)
Jpn. Ka 
Phil. Cua, Kua, Kho, Ko, Co, Coson
112 莊 庄 Zhuāng Chuang1 Zong1  Tsong Chong, 

Jong

Chng, 

Chong

Cheng Chông Zong´ Chang Tsaon Tsaan
Tzaon
Viet. Trang
Kor. Jang (장)
Jpn. Shō, Sō, Chan
Phil. Cheng, Ching, Chung, Chong

Notes

  1. ^ Pronunciations are based on the Xiamen (X), Zhangzhou (Z), Quanzhou (Q),[15] Kaohsiung (K) and Taipei (T) varieties.[16]

Other surveys

  • 2006 multi-year survey and study conducted by Yuan Yida, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences's Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, using a sample size of 296 million spread across 1,110 counties and cities and recording around 4,100 surnames.[18]
  • 1990: Ji Yuwen Publishing House, based on a sample size of 174,900.
  • 1987 study conducted by Yuan Yida with a sample size of 570,000.
  • 1977 study published by Li Dongming, a Chinese historian, as "Surname" (《姓》) in Dongfang Magazine.

400 character list

Mainland Chinese names by frequency, 2013
  1. Wáng (7.17%)
  2. Lǐ (7.00%)
  3. Zhāng (6.74%)
  4. Liú (5.10%)
  5. Chén (4.61%)
  6. Yáng (3.22%)
  7. Huáng (2.45%)
  8. Wú (2.00%)
  9. Zhào (2.00%)
  10. Zhōu (1.90%)
  11. Xú (1.45%)
  12. Sūn (1.38%)
  13. Mǎ (1.29%)
  14. Zhū (1.28%)
  15. Hú (1.16%)
  16. Lín (1.13%)
  17. Guō (1.13%)
  18. Hé (1.06%)
  19. Other (47.9%)

In 2013, the Fuxi Institution[19] compiled a ranking of the 400 most common surnames in China.[20]

400 most common surnames in China
Rank Name Pinyin % of pop. No. (1,000s) Province with most
1 王 Wáng 7.17% 95,200 Henan
2 李 Lǐ 7.00% 93,400 Henan
3 张 Zhāng 6.74% 89,600 Henan
4 刘 Liú 5.10% 67,700 Shandong
5 陈 Chén 4.61% 61,300 Guangdong
6 杨 Yáng 3.22% 42,700 Sichuan
7 黄 Huáng 2.45% 32,600 Guangdong
8 吴 Wú 2.00% 26,800 Guangdong
9 赵 Zhào 2.00% 26,700 Henan
10 周 Zhōu 1.90% 25,200 Hunan
11 徐 Xú 1.45% 19,300 Jiangsu
12 孙 Sūn 1.38% 18,300 Shandong
13 马 Mǎ 1.29% 17,200 Henan
14 朱 Zhū 1.28% 17,000 Jiangsu
15 胡 Hú 1.16% 15,500 Hubei
16 林 Lín 1.13% 15,100 Guangdong
17 郭 Guō 1.13% 15,000 Henan
18 何 Hé 1.06% 14,000 Sichuan
19 高 Gāo 1.00% 13,300 Shandong
20 罗 Luó 0.95% 12,600 Sichuan
21 郑 Zhèng 0.93% 12,400 Guangdong
22 梁 Liáng 0.85% 11,300 Guangdong
23 谢 Xiè 0.76% 10,100 Guangdong
24 宋 Sòng 0.70% 9,320 Shandong
25 唐 Táng 0.69% 9,170 Hunan
26 许 Xǔ 0.66% 8,810 Guangdong
27 邓 Dèng 0.62% 8,210 Guangdong
28 冯 Féng 0.62% 8,180 Guangdong
29 韩 Hán 0.61% 8,150 Henan
30 曹 Cáo 0.60% 7,910 Henan
31 曾 Zēng 0.58% 7,720 Guangdong
32 彭 Péng 0.58% 7,660 Hunan
33 萧 Xiāo 0.56% 7,390 Hunan
34 蔡 Cài 0.53% 7,010 Guangdong
35 潘 Pān 0.52% 6,870 Guangdong
36 田 Tián 0.52% 6,850 Henan
37 董 Dǒng 0.51% 6,770 Shandong
38 袁 Yuán 0.50% 6,670 Sichuan
39 于 Yú 0.48% 6,420 Shandong
40 余 Yú 0.48% 6,330 Hubei
41 叶 Yè 0.48% 6,320 Guangdong
42 蒋 Jiǎng 0.48% 6,320 Sichuan
43 杜 Dù 0.47% 6,190 Henan
44 苏 Sū 0.46% 6,060 Guangdong
45 魏 Wèi 0.45% 6,030 Henan
46 程 Chéng 0.45% 6,010 Anhui
47 吕 Lǚ 0.45% 5,960 Shandong
48 丁 Dīng 0.43% 5,760 Jiangsu
49 沈 Shěn 0.41% 5,500 Jiangsu
50 任 Rén 0.41% 5,470 Henan
51 姚 Yáo 0.40% 5,380 Jiangsu
52 卢 Lú 0.40% 5,360 Guangdong
53 傅 Fù 0.40% 5,360 Henan
54 钟 Zhōng 0.40% 5,330 Guangdong
55 姜 Jiāng 0.39% 5,230 Shandong
56 崔 Cuī 0.38% 5,090 Shandong
57 谭 Tán 0.38% 4,990 Hunan
58 廖 Liào 0.37% 4,870 Guangdong
59 范 Fàn 0.36% 4,850 Henan
60 汪 Wāng 0.36% 4,830 Anhui
61 陆 Lù 0.36% 4,800 Guangxi
62 金 Jīn 0.35% 4,670 Zhejiang
63 石 Shí 0.34% 4,550 Henan
64 戴 Dài 0.34% 4,490 Jiangsu
65 贾 Jiǎ 0.33% 4,390 Henan
66 韦 Wéi 0.32% 4,300 Guangxi
67 夏 Xià 0.32% 4,260 Jiangsu
68 邱 Qiū 0.32% 4,230 Guangdong
69 方 Fāng 0.31% 4,130 Anhui
70 侯 Hóu 0.30% 4,010 Henan
71 邹 Zōu 0.30% 3,940 Jiangxi
72 熊 Xióng 0.29% 3,840 Jiangxi
73 孟 Mèng 0.29% 3,830 Shandong
74 秦 Qín 0.29% 3,790 Henan
75 白 Bái 0.28% 3,740 Hebei
76 江 Jiāng 0.28% 3,690 Guangdong
77 阎 Yán 0.27% 3,600 Henan
78 薛 Xuē 0.26% 3,470 Jiangsu
79 尹 Yǐn 0.26% 3,460 Hunan
80 段 Duàn 0.24% 3,200 Henan
81 雷 Léi 0.24% 3,190 Sichuan
82 黎 Lí 0.22% 2,880 Guangdong
83 史 Shǐ 0.21% 2,850 Henan
84 龙 Lóng 0.21% 2,810 Hunan
85 陶 Táo 0.21% 2,740 Anhui
86 贺 Hè 0.21% 2,740 Hunan
87 顾 Gù 0.20% 2,720 Jiangsu
88 毛 Máo 0.20% 2,640 Zhejiang
89 郝 Hǎo 0.20% 2,640 Hebei
90 龚 Gōng 0.20% 2,640 Hunan
91 邵 Shào 0.20% 2,620 Shandong
92 万 Wàn 0.19% 2,540 Jiangxi
93 钱 Qián 0.19% 2,490 Jiangsu
94 严 Yán 0.19% 2,460 Jiangsu
95 赖 Lài 0.18% 2,400 Guangdong
96 覃 Qín 0.18% 2,400 Guangxi
97 洪 Hóng 0.18% 2,400 Taiwan
98 武 Wǔ 0.18% 2,390 Shanxi
99 莫 Mò 0.18% 2,330 Guangxi
100 孔 Kǒng 0.17% 2,310 Shandong
101 汤 Tāng 0.17% 2,270 Jiangsu
102 向 Xiàng 0.17% 2,260 Hunan
103 常 Cháng 0.16% 2,180 Henan
104 温 Wēn 0.16% 2,170 Guangdong
105 康 Kāng 0.16% 2,110 Hebei
106 施 Shī 0.15% 2,060 Jiangsu
107 文 Wén 0.15% 2,040 Sichuan
108 牛 Niú 0.15% 2,020 Henan
109 樊 Fán 0.15% 2,000 Henan
110 葛 Gě 0.15% 1,950 Jiangsu
111 邢 Xíng 0.14% 1,920 Shandong
112 安 Ān 0.13% 1,790 Hebei
113 齐 Qí 0.13% 1,760 Hebei
114 易 Yì 0.13% 1,750 Hunan
115 乔 Qiáo 0.13% 1,730 Henan
116 伍 Wǔ 0.13% 1,710 Guangdong
117 庞 Páng 0.13% 1,670 Guangxi
118 颜 Yán 0.12% 1,640 Hunan
119 倪 Ní 0.12% 1,630 Jiangsu
120 庄 Zhuāng 0.12% 1,620 Guangdong
121 聂 Niè 0.12% 1,590 Jiangxi
122 章 Zhāng 0.12% 1,570 Zhejiang
123 鲁 Lǔ 0.11% 1,510 Henan
124 岳 Yuè 0.11% 1,490 Henan
125 翟 Zhái 0.11% 1,490 Henan
126 殷 Yīn 0.11% 1,470 Jiangsu
127 詹 Zhān 0.11% 1,470 Guangdong
128 申 Shēn 0.11% 1,470 Henan
129 欧 Ōu 0.11% 1,460 Guangdong
130 耿 Gěng 0.11% 1,400 Henan
131 关 Guān 0.10% 1,370 Guangdong
132 兰 Lán 0.10% 1,340 Sichuan
133 焦 Jiāo 0.10% 1,330 Henan
134 俞 Yú 0.10% 1,320 Zhejiang
135 左 Zuǒ 0.10% 1,310 Henan
136 柳 Liǔ 0.10% 1,290 Hubei
137 甘 Gān 0.095% 1,260 Guangxi
138 祝 Zhù 0.090% 1,200 Zhejiang
139 包 Bāo 0.087% 1,150 Inner Mongolia
140 宁 Nìng 0.083% 1,100 Guangxi
141 尚 Shàng 0.082% 1,090 Henan
142 符 Fú 0.082% 1,090 Hainan
143 舒 Shū 0.082% 1,090 Hunan
144 阮 Ruǎn 0.082% 1,090 Guangdong
145 柯 Kē 0.080% 1,060 Hubei
146 纪 Jǐ 0.080% 1,060 Shandong
147 梅 Méi 0.079% 1,050 Hubei
148 童 Tóng 0.079% 1,050 Zhejiang
149 凌 Líng 0.078% 1,030 Guangdong
150 毕 Bì 0.078% 1,030 Shandong
151 单 Shàn 0.076% 1,010 Jiangsu
152 季 Jì 0.076% 1,010 Jiangsu
153 裴 Péi 0.076% 1,000 Henan
154 霍 Huò 0.075% 1,000 Hebei
155 涂 Tú 0.075% 1,000 Jiangxi
156 成 Chéng 0.075% 1,000 Jiangsu
157 苗 Miáo 0.075% 1,000 Henan
158 谷 Gǔ 0.075% 990 Henan
159 盛 Shèng 0.074% 980 Anhui
160 曲 Qū 0.074% 980 Shandong
161 翁 Wēng 0.073% 970 Fujian
162 冉 Rǎn 0.073% 970 Chongqing
163 骆 Luò 0.073% 960 Guangdong
164 蓝 Lán 0.072% 960 Guangxi
165 路 Lù 0.072% 950 Henan
166 游 Yóu 0.071% 940 Fujian
167 辛 Xīn 0.070% 920 Shandong
168 靳 Jìn 0.069% 920 Henan
169 欧阳 Ōuyáng 0.068% 910 Hunan
170 管 Guǎn 0.065% 870 Shandong
171 柴 Chái 0.065% 860 Henan
172 蒙 Méng 0.062% 830 Guangxi
173 鲍 Bào 0.062% 820 Anhui
174 华 Huà 0.061% 820 Jiangsu
175 喻 Yù 0.061% 810 Hunan
176 祁 Qí 0.061% 800 Jiangsu
177 蒲 Pú 0.056% 750 Sichuan
178 房 Fáng 0.056% 750 Shandong
179 滕 Téng 0.055% 740 Shandong
180 屈 Qū 0.055% 730 Shaanxi
181 饶 Ráo 0.055% 730 Jiangxi
182 解 Xiè 0.053% 710 Shandong
183 牟 Mù 0.053% 700 Sichuan
184 艾 Ài 0.052% 690 Hubei
185 尤 Yóu 0.052% 680 Jiangsu
186 阳 Yáng 0.050% 670 Hunan
187 时 Shí 0.050% 670 Henan
188 穆 Mù 0.048% 640 Guizhou
189 农 Nóng 0.047% 620 Guangxi
190 司 Sī 0.044% 590 Henan
191 卓 Zhuó 0.043% 580 Guangdong
192 古 Gǔ 0.043% 580 Guangdong
193 吉 Jí 0.043% 580 Jiangsu
194 缪 Miào 0.043% 570 Jiangsu
195 简 Jiǎn 0.043% 570 Taiwan
196 车 Chē 0.043% 570 Shandong
197 项 Xiàng 0.043% 570 Zhejiang
198 连 Lián 0.043% 570 Fujian
199 芦 Lú 0.042% 570 Henan
200 麦 Mài 0.041% 550 Guangdong
201 褚 Chǔ 0.041% 540 Shandong
202 娄 Lóu 0.040% 530 Henan
203 窦 Dòu 0.040% 530 Shandong
204 戚 Qī 0.040% 530 Jiangsu
205 岑 Cén 0.039% 520 Guangxi
206 景 Jǐng 0.039% 520 Shanxi
207 党 Dǎng 0.039% 520 Shaanxi
208 宫 Gōng 0.039% 520 Shandong
209 费 Fèi 0.039% 510 Jiangsu
210 卜 Bǔ 0.038% 510 Jiangsu
211 冷 Lěng 0.038% 500 Sichuan
212 晏 Yàn 0.038% 500 Jiangxi
213 席 Xí 0.036% 480 Henan
214 卫 Wèi 0.036% 480 Shanxi
215 米 Mǐ 0.035% 460 Hebei
216 柏 Bǎi 0.035% 460 Jiangsu
217 宗 Zōng 0.034% 450 Jiangsu
218 瞿 Qú 0.033% 440 Hunan
219 桂 Guì 0.033% 440 Anhui
220 全 Quán 0.033% 440 Hunan
221 佟 Tóng 0.033% 430 Liaoning
222 应 Yīng 0.033% 430 Zhejiang
223 臧 Zāng 0.032% 430 Shandong
224 闵 Mǐn 0.032% 430 Hubei
225 苟 Gǒu 0.032% 430 Sichuan
226 邬 Wū 0.032% 420 Zhejiang
227 边 Biān 0.032% 420 Hebei
228 卞 Biàn 0.032% 420 Jiangsu
229 姬 Jī 0.032% 420 Henan
230 师 Shī 0.031% 410 Henan
231 和 Hé 0.031% 410 Yunnan
232 仇 Qiú 0.030% 400 Jiangsu
233 栾 Luán 0.030% 400 Shandong
234 隋 Suí 0.030% 400 Shandong
235 商 Shāng 0.030% 390 Shandong
236 刁 Diāo 0.030% 390 Shandong
237 沙 Shā 0.030% 390 Jiangsu
238 荣 Róng 0.029% 380 Shandong
239 巫 Wū 0.029% 380 Guangdong
240 寇 Kòu 0.029% 380 Henan
241 桑 Sāng 0.028% 370 Shandong
242 郎 Láng 0.028% 370 Hebei
243 甄 Zhēn 0.027% 360 Hebei
244 丛 Cóng 0.027% 360 Shandong
245 仲 Zhòng 0.027% 350 Jiangsu
246 虞 Yú 0.026% 350 Zhejiang
247 敖 Áo 0.026% 350 Guizhou
248 巩 Gǒng 0.026% 340 Shandong
249 明 Míng 0.026% 340 Hubei
250 佘 Shé 0.025% 340 Hunan
251 池 Chí 0.025% 340 Fujian
252 查 Zhā 0.025% 330 Anhui
253 麻 Má 0.025% 330 Zhejiang
254 苑 Yuān 0.025% 330 Hebei
255 迟 Chí 0.024% 320 Shandong
256 邝 Kuàng 0.024% 320 Guangdong
257 官 Guān 0.023% 310 Guangdong
258 封 Fēng 0.023% 310 Jiangsu
259 谈 Tán 0.023% 310 Jiangsu
260 匡 Kuāng 0.023% 300 Hunan
261 鞠 Jū 0.023% 300 Shandong
262 惠 Huì 0.022% 298 Shaanxi
263 荆 Jīng 0.022% 289 Shandong
264 乐 Yuè 0.022% 288 Jiangxi
265 冀 Jì 0.021% 285 Hebei
266 郁 Yù 0.021% 285 Jiangsu
267 胥 Xū 0.021% 285 Sichuan
268 南 Nán 0.021% 277 Shaanxi
269 班 Bān 0.021% 273 Guangxi
270 储 Chǔ 0.021% 272 Anhui
271 原 Yuán 0.020% 270 Shanxi
272 栗 Lì 0.020% 266 Henan
273 燕 Yàn 0.020% 264 Shandong
274 楚 Chǔ 0.020% 263 Henan
275 鄢 Yān 0.020% 263 Hubei
276 劳 Láo 0.019% 259 Guangxi
277 谌 Chén 0.019% 248 Hunan
278 奚 Xī 0.017% 231 Jiangsu
279 皮 Pí 0.017% 229 Hunan
280 粟 Sù 0.017% 228 Hunan
281 冼 Xiǎn 0.017% 228 Guangdong
282 蔺 Lìn 0.017% 228 Shandong
283 楼 Lóu 0.017% 228 Zhejiang
284 盘 Pán 0.017% 225 Guangxi
285 满 Mǎn 0.016% 219 Shandong
286 闻 Wén 0.016% 217 Anhui
287 位 Wèi 0.016% 208 Henan
289 厉 Lì 0.016% 206 Zhejiang
289 伊 Yī 0.016% 206 Shandong
290 仝 Tóng 0.015% 200 Henan
291 区 Ōu 0.015% 199 Guangdong
292 郜 Gào 0.015% 198 Henan
293 海 Hǎi 0.015% 197 Ningxia
294 阚 Kàn 0.015% 196 Anhui
295 花 Huā 0.015% 195 Jiangsu
296 权 Quán 0.014% 191 Shaanxi
297 强 Qiáng 0.014% 190 Shaanxi
298 帅 Shuài 0.014% 190 Sichuan
299 屠 Tú 0.014% 189 Zhejiang
300 豆 Dòu 0.014% 188 Henan
301 朴 Piáo 0.014% 187 Jilin
302 盖 Gě 0.014% 186 Shandong
303 练 Liàn 0.014% 185 Guangdong
304 廉 Lián 0.014% 184 Henan
305 禹 Yǔ 0.014% 182 Henan
306 井 Jǐng 0.013% 179 Shandong
307 祖 Zǔ 0.013% 177 Hebei
308 漆 Qī 0.013% 177 Sichuan
309 巴 Bā 0.013% 177 Inner Mongolia
310 丰 Fēng 0.013% 176 Shandong
311 支 Zhī 0.013% 173 Jiangsu
312 卿 Qīng 0.013% 172 Sichuan
313 国 Guó 0.013% 171 Shandong
314 狄 Dí 0.013% 168 Jiangsu
315 平 Píng 0.013% 166 Henan
316 计 Jì 0.012% 165 Anhui
317 索 Suǒ 0.012% 165 Henan
318 宣 Xuān 0.012% 164 Zhejiang
319 晋 Jìn 0.012% 162 Henan
320 相 Xiàng 0.012% 162 Shandong
321 初 Chū 0.012% 159 Shandong
322 门 Mén 0.012% 159 Shandong
323 雲 Yún 0.012% 156 Inner Mongolia
324 容 Róng 0.012% 154 Guangdong
325 敬 Jìng 0.011% 150 Sichuan
326 来 Lái 0.011% 148 Zhejiang
327 扈 Hù 0.011% 147 Henan
328 晁 Cháo 0.011% 146 Henan
329 芮 Ruì 0.011% 146 Jiangsu
330 都 Dū 0.011% 146 Shandong
331 普 Pǔ 0.011% 145 Yunnan
332 阙 Quē 0.011% 145 Fujian
333 浦 Pǔ 0.011% 144 Jiangsu
334 戈 Gē 0.011% 144 Jiangsu
335 伏 Fú 0.011% 143 Sichuan
336 鹿 Lù 0.011% 140 Shandong
337 薄 Bó 0.011% 140 Shandong
338 邸 Dǐ 0.011% 139 Hebei
339 雍 Yōng 0.010% 139 Sichuan
340 辜 Gū 0.010% 138 Sichuan
341 羊 Yáng 0.010% 136 Hainan
342 阿 Ā 0.010% 136 Inner Mongolia
343 乌 Wū 0.010% 135 Inner Mongolia
344 母 Mǔ 0.010% 135 Sichuan
345 裘 Qiú 0.010% 134 Zhejiang
346 亓 Qí 0.010% 134 Shandong
347 修 Xiū 0.010% 133 Shandong
348 邰 Tái 0.010% 130 Guizhou
349 赫 Hè 0.010% 128 Liaoning
350 杭 Háng 0.010% 128 Jiangsu
351 况 Kuàng 0.0094% 124 Chongqing
352 那 Nā 0.0093% 124 Inner Mongolia
353 宿 Sù 0.0093% 123 Shandong
354 鲜 Xiān 0.0092% 122 Sichuan
355 印 Yìn 0.0091% 121 Jiangsu
356 逯 Lù 0.0091% 121 Shandong
357 隆 Lóng 0.0090% 120 Hunan
358 茹 Rú 0.0090% 119 Henan
359 诸 Zhū 0.0089% 118 Zhejiang
360 战 Zhàn 0.0088% 117 Shandong
361 慕 Mù 0.0086% 115 Gansu
362 危 Wēi 0.0084% 112 Jiangxi
363 玉 Yù 0.0084% 112 Guangxi
364 银 Yín 0.0084% 111 Guangxi
365 亢 Kàng 0.0083% 110 Henan
366 嵇 Jī 0.0082% 109 Jiangsu
367 公 Gōng 0.0082% 109 Shandong
368 哈 Hǎ 0.0081% 107 Inner Mongolia
369 湛 Zhàn 0.0079% 105 Hunan
370 宾 Bīn 0.0077% 102 Guangxi
371 戎 Róng 0.0076% 101 Jiangsu
372 勾 Gōu 0.0076% 101 Sichuan
373 茅 Máo 0.0076% 101 Jiangsu
374 利 Lì 0.0076% 100 Guangdong
375 於 Yú 0.0074% 99 Jiangsu
376 呼 Hū 0.0074% 98 Inner Mongolia
377 居 Jū 0.0074% 98 Jiangsu
378 揭 Jiē 0.0073% 96 Jiangxi
379 干 Gān 0.0072% 96 Zhejiang
380 但 Dàn 0.0072% 95 Sichuan
381 尉 Wèi 0.0071% 95 Shanxi
382 冶 Yě 0.0071% 94 Qinghai
383 斯 Sī 0.0070% 93 Inner Mongolia
384 元 Yuán 0.0069% 92 Henan
385 束 Shù 0.0068% 91 Jiangsu
386 檀 Tán 0.0068% 90 Anhui
387 衣 Yī 0.0067% 90 Shandong
388 信 Xìn 0.0067% 89 Shandong
389 展 Zhǎn 0.0067% 89 Shandong
390 阴 Yīn 0.0067% 89 Shanxi
391 昝 Zǎn 0.0066% 87 Sichuan
392 智 Zhì 0.0065% 87 Henan
393 幸 Xìng 0.0065% 86 Chongqing
394 奉 Fèng 0.0064% 85 Hunan
395 植 Zhí 0.0064% 85 Guangdong
396 衡 Héng 0.0063% 84 Jiangsu
397 富 Fù 0.0063% 84 Liaoning
398 尧 Yáo 0.0060% 80 Jiangxi
399 闭 Bì 0.0060% 80 Guangxi
400 由 Yóu 0.0060% 80 Shandong

Taiwan

According to a comprehensive survey of residential permits released by the Taiwanese Ministry of the Interior's Department of Population in 2016, Taiwan has only 1,503 surnames.[6] The top ten surnames in Taiwan accounted for 52.77% of the general population, and the top 100 accounted for 96.56%.

Rank Character Romanizations % of total pop.
Mandarin Min Nan Hakka Cantonese
2016 Trad. Simp. Wade Pinyin POJ Other PFS Other Jyutping HK Other
1 陳 陈 Ch'en2 Chén Tân Tan Chin Thin Can4 Chan Chin 11.14%
2 林 Lin2 Lín Lîm Lim
Liem
Lim Lim Lam4 Lam Lum 8.31%
3 黃 黄 Huang2 Huáng Ng Eng
Ung
Uy
Wee
Vòng Wong
Bong
Wong4 Wong Wang
Vang
Wung
6.05%
4 張 张 Chang1 Zhāng Tiuⁿ Teo
Teoh
Thio
Tiew
Chông Chong Zoeng1 Cheung Chong
Cheong
5.27%
5 李 Li3 Lǐ Lí Lee
Dee
Lí Lee Lei5 Lee
Li
Lei
Ly
5.13%
6 王 Wang2 Wáng Ông Heng
Bong
Vòng Wong Wong4 Wong Vang Wung 4.11%
7 吳 吴 Wu2 Wú Gô͘
Ngô͘
Goh
Gouw
Ǹg Ng Ng4 Ng Ung
Eng
4.04%
8 劉 刘 Liu2 Liú Lâu Lao Liù Liew Lau4 Lau Lao 3.16%
9 蔡 Ts'ai4 Cài Chhoà Chua
Choa
Tjoa
Chhai Chai
Choi
Coi3 Choi Choy
Tsoi
Toy
2.91%
10 楊 杨 Yang2 Yáng Iûⁿ Eaw
Joe
Nyo
Yong
Yòng Yong
Yeong
Joeng4 Yeung Yeong
Ieong
2.66%
11 許 许 Hsü3 Xǔ Khó͘ Ko
Koh
Hi Hee Heoi2 Hui Hoi —
12 鄭 郑 Cheng4 Zhèng Tīⁿ
Tēⁿ
Teh Chhang Chang Zeng6 Cheng Cheang
Chiang
—
13 謝 谢 Hsieh4 Xiè Chiā
Siā
Cheah
Seah
Tshia Cheah Ze6 Tse Che —
14 洪 Hung2 Hóng Âng
Hông
Ang
Hong
Fùng Fung Hung4 Hung Huhng —
15 郭 Kuo1 Guō Koeh Kueh Kwok Kok Gwok3 Kwok Kuok —
16 邱 Ch'iu1 Qiū Khu Khoo
Kho
Hiû
Khiû
Hew
Khew
Jau1 Yau Iao
Iau
—
17 曾 Tseng1 Zēng Chan Tsên Chen Zang1 Tsang Chang
Dong
—
18 廖 Liao4 Liào Liāu Leow
Liow
Liau Lieu Liu6 Liu Lew
Leow
Lio
—
19 賴 赖 Lai4 Lài Lōa Nai Lài Laai6 Lay Lai —
20 徐 Hsü2 Xú Chhî Chee
Jee
Ji
Chhì Chi Ceoi4 Tsui Choi
Chui
Tsua
—
21 周 Chou1 Zhōu Chiu Chew Chiû Cher
Chiew
Zau1 Chow
Chau
Jao
Chao
—
22 葉 叶 Yeh4 Yè Ia̍p Yap Yap Jip6 Yip Ip
Yeap
—
23 蘇 苏 Su1 Sū So͘ Soh Sû Soo Sou1 So Sou —
24 莊 庄 Chuang1 Zhuāng Chong Cheng Chông Zong Zong1 Tsong Chong
Jong
—
25 呂 吕 Lü3 Lǚ Lū
Lī
Līr
Lee
Leu
Loo
Lî Lee Leoi5 Lui Loi —
26 江 Chiang1 Jiāng Kang Kông Kong Gong1 Kong —
27 何 Hê2
Ho2
Hé Hô Ho
Hou
Hò Ho Ho4 Ho Hoe —
28 蕭 萧 Hsiao1 Xiāo Siau
Sio
Seow
Siow
Siâu Siaw
Siew
Siu1 Siu
Shiu
Sio —
29 羅 罗 Lo2 Luó Lô Lo
Law
Lò Law
Lo
Loh
Lo4 Lo Law
Loh
Lowe
Lor
—
30 高 Kao1 Gāo Ko Koh Kô
Kau
Koo Gou1
Ko Kou
Go
—

Other surveys

  • 1994–2011: The American researcher Chih-Hao Tsai has compiled unauthoritative annual surveys of the most common surnames on Taiwan[21] based on published lists of all successful applicants taking Taiwan's Joint College Entrance Exam.[22] The test was mandatory for college entrance until 2002 and is still quite common, with more than a hundred thousand successful applicants a year and a pass rate for all test takers between 60 and 90%.[22]

Philippines

Chinese Filipinos whose ancestors came to the Philippines from 1898 onward usually have single syllable Chinese surnames. On the other hand, most who have Chinese ancestors who came to the Philippines prior to 1898 usually have multiple-syllable Chinese surnames such as Cuyegkeng, Gokongwei, Ongpin, CuUnjieng, Pempengco, Yuchengco, Teehankee, Tansipek, and Yaptinchay among such others. These were originally full Chinese names which were transliterated in Spanish orthography and adopted as surnames.

Common Chinese Filipino surnames are: Tan/Chan (陳/陈), Dy/Dee/Lee/Li (李), Sy/See/Siy/Sze (施), Lim/Lam (林), Chua/Choa/Choi (蔡), Yap/Ip (葉/叶), Co/Ko/Kho (許/许), Ko/Gao/Caw (高), Ho/Haw/Hau/Caw (侯), Cua/Kua/Co/Kho/Ko (柯), Coo/Gu/Ku/Khu/Cu (邱), Go/Ngo/Wu (吳/吴), Ong/Wong (王), Ang/Hong/Hung (洪), Lao (劉/刘), Tiu/Cheung (張/张), Yu/Young (楊/杨), Auyong/Awyoung (歐陽/欧阳), Ng/Uy/Wee/Hong/Wong/Huang (黃), Tiu/Chiu/Chio/Chu (趙/赵), Chu/Chiu/Chow (周), King (龔), Chan (曾), Ty/Tee (鄭/郑), Ching/Cheng/Chong (莊/庄), Que/Cue/Kwok (郭), Leong/Liong/Leung (梁), etc.

There are also multiple-syllable Chinese surnames that are Spanish transliterations of Hokkien words. Surnames like Tuazon (eldest grandson, 大孫), Dizon (second grandson, 二孫), Samson/Sanson (third grandson, 三孫), Sison (fourth grandson, 四孫), Guzon/Gozum/Gozon/Goson (fifth grandson, 五孫), Lacson (sixth grandson, 六孫), Tecson/Ticzon/Tiongson/Teoxon (seventh grandson, 德孫/提克宗/頂客/东阳顺), Sioson (eighth grandson, 西奥森) and Hizon (ninth grandson, 希森) are examples of transliterations of designations that use the Hokkien suffix -son (孫) used as surnames for some Chinese Filipinos who trace their ancestry from Chinese immigrants to the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period. The surname "Timkang" (添康) is listed in the Chinese text Hundred Family Surnames, perhaps shedding light on the Hokkien suffix -Kang used here as a surname alongside some sort of accompanying enumeration scheme.

Rank

(2020)[23][24]

Name Character(s) Total number

(2020)[23]

1 Tan 陳 123,290
2 Dizon 二孫 106,507
3 Lim 林 96,874
4 Samson 三孫 66,516
5 Sison 四孫 57,840
6 Chua 蔡 51,380
7 Uy 黃 47,832
8 Ong 王 39,649
9 Yap 葉 37,703
10 Go 吳 37,354
11 Tuazon 大孫 36,543
12 Cinco 新哥 29,718
13 Sy 施 28,038
14 Yu 楊 27,732
15 Sayson 世孫/西孫 26,833
16 Quiambao 鹹賺/欠賺 25,555
17 Chan 曾,陳 24,835
18 Cuizon 貴孫/歸孫 23,732
19 Ang 洪 23,341
20 Tecson 德孫 22,679
21 Timkang 添康 17,900

Canada

Statistics Canada has not released a list of common surnames for any of its recent censuses, but much of the Canadian Chinese population is clustered in Metro Vancouver and Greater Victoria in British Columbia and the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area and the Ottawa-Gatineau Area in Ontario, as well as in some emerging major clusters, such as the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor in Alberta, Montreal, and the Communauté métropolitaine de Québec (Quebec Community Metropolitan Area) in Quebec.

Ontario

A 2010 study by Baiju Shah & al data-mined the Registered Persons Database of Canadian health card recipients in the province of Ontario for a particularly Chinese-Canadian name list. Ignoring potentially non-Chinese spellings such as Lee (49,898 total),[25]: Table 1  they found that the most common Chinese names in Ontario were:[25]

Rank Name Total number Character(s) Romanization
Trad. Simp.
1 Wong 34,567 王 Wáng, Wong
黃 黄 Huáng, Hwang, Hawang, Whang, Whong
汪 Wāng, Wong, Wung
2 Chan 32,692 陳 陈 Chan, Chén
3 Li 27,608 李 Ly, Lee, Lei, Lǐ
黎 Lai, Ly, Lee, Lei, Lí
4 Chen 25,618 陳 陈 Chan, Chén
5 Wang 22,548 王 Wáng, Wong
汪 Wāng, Wong
6 Liu 18,784 劉 刘 Lau, Liew, Liú, Low
廖 Lau, Lew, Liào, Lieu, Liew, Liu
7 Zhang 18,003 張 张 Chang, Chong, Chung, Cheung, Teo, Zhāng, Zheung
8 Lam 15,910 林 Lam, Lín
藍 蓝 Lán
9 Leung 13,696 梁 Leung, Liáng
10 Ho 12,830 何 Hé, Ho
賀 贺 Hè, Ho

Indonesia

Nearly as large is the Chinese Indonesian community. The 2010 Indonesian census reported more than 2.8 million self-identified Chinese, or about 1% of the general population.[26] Just as in Thailand, though, previous legislation (in this case, 127/U/Kep/12/1966) had banned ethnic Chinese surnames throughout the country. This law was abolished after the removal of Suharto, but Chinese Indonesian names remain a mix of Indonesian, pinyin, pe̍h-ōe-jī, and Dutch-spelled Hokkien.

Malaysia

During the 2010 Malaysian Census, there were approximately 6,960,000 Malaysians of Chinese ethnicity.[27] The Chinese are the second largest ethnicity in Malaysia, after the Malays.

Singapore

Chinese Singaporean surnames by frequency
  1. Tan (9.50%)
  2. Lim (6.60%)
  3. Lee (4.50%)
  4. Ng (4.20%)
  5. Ong (2.70%)
  6. Wong (2.60%)
  7. Goh (2.20%)
  8. Chua (2.20%)
  9. Chan (1.90%)
  10. Koh (1.90%)
  11. Teo (1.90%)
  12. Ang (1.70%)
  13. Yeo (1.50%)
  14. Tay (1.40%)
  15. Ho (1.30%)
  16. Low (1.30%)
  17. Other (52.6%)

Ethnic Chinese make up almost three-fourths (2009) of Singapore's resident population of nearly four million (2011).

2000

According to Statistics Singapore, as of 2000, the most common Chinese Singaporean names were:[28]

Rank Name Origin Total number
(2000)
%
(Chinese population)
Character(s) Pinyin Other forms Notes
Trad. Simp.
1 Tan Hokkien
Teochew
Hainanese
237,800 9.5 陳 陈 Chén Chan for Cantonese, Chin for Hakka
2 Lim Hokkien
Teochew
Hainanese
Hakka
166,000 6.6 林 Lín Lam or Lum for Cantonese
3 Lee Hokkien
Teochew
Cantonese
Hainanese
Hakka
112,600 4.5 李 Lǐ
4 Ng Hokkien
Teochew
106,200 4.2 黃 黄 Huáng
Hakka
Cantonese
吳 吴 Wú
伍 Wǔ
5 Ong Hokkien 66,700 2.7 王 Wáng
汪 Wāng
6 Wong Cantonese
Hainanese
Hakka
65,000 2.6 王 Wáng
汪 Wāng
黃 黄 Huáng
7 Goh Hokkien
Teochew
56,200 2.2 吳 吴 Wú
8 Chua Hokkien
Teochew
54,600 2.2 蔡 Cài Choy for Cantonese, Chai for Hakka
9 Chan Cantonese 48,400 1.9 陳 陈 Chén
Hokkien
Teochew
曾 Zēng
10 Koh Hokkien
Teochew
48,100 1.9 許 许 Xǔ Hee for Hakka
11 Teo Hokkien
Teochew
46,800 1.9 張 张 Zhāng Cheong for Cantonese, Chong for Hakka
12 Ang Hokkien
Teochew
43,600 1.7 洪 Hóng
Hokkien 翁 Wēng
13 Yeo Hokkien
Teochew
36,600 1.5 楊 杨 Yáng
姚 Yáo
14 Tay Hokkien
Teochew
35,800 1.4 鄭 郑 Zhèng
15 Ho Hokkien
Teochew
Cantonese
Hakka
Hainanese
35,000 1.4 何 Hé
16 Low Teochew
Hokkien
31,600 1.3 劉 刘 Liú
17 Toh Teochew
Hokkien
25,300 1.0 杜 Dù
卓 Zhuó
18 Sim Teochew
Hokkien
23,800 0.9 沈 Shěn
19 Chong Hakka 23,100 0.9 張 张 Zhāng
Cantonese
Hakka
莊 庄 Zhuāng
鍾 钟 Zhōng
20 Chia Hokkien
Teochew
Hakka
22,600 0.9 謝 谢 Xiè
  • As most Singaporeans of Chinese descent have ancestors which originated from Southern China, mainly from Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan, the distribution of surnames in Singapore is quite different from that of Mainland China.
  • As there are a variety of dialect groups in Singapore, the same surname in Chinese characters may be romanised in several different ways in Singapore. Some less common Chinese transcriptions of the 20 most common romanised surnames may not be listed in the table above.

Newer version

There is a newer list of most common surnames in Singapore from an unknown year.[29] Some numbers are missing as the original list contains several non-Chinese surnames, which have been excluded from the table below.

Rank Name Origin Total number Character(s) Pinyin
Trad. Simp.
1 Tan Hokkien
Teochew
Hainanese
Henghua
276,329 陳 陈 Chén
2 Lim Hokkien
Teochew
Hainanese
Hakka
196,492 林 Lín
3 Lee Hokkien
Teochew
Cantonese
Hainanese
Hakka
151,278 李 Lǐ
4 Ng Hokkien
Teochew
Henghua
125,122 黃 黄 Huáng
Hakka
Cantonese
吳 吴 Wú
伍 Wǔ
5 Wong Cantonese
Hainanese
Hakka
Eastern Min
90,861 王 Wáng
汪 Wāng
黃 黄 Huáng
6 Ong Hokkien 80,354 王 Wáng
汪 Wāng
Hainanese
Henghua
翁 Wēng
7 Goh Hokkien
Teochew
Hainanese
72,248 吳 吴 Wú
8 Chan Cantonese 69,355 陳 陈 Chén
Hokkien
Teochew
曾 Zēng
Hokkien 田 Tián
9 Chua Hokkien
Teochew
67,321 蔡 Cài
10 Koh Hokkien
Teochew
61,941 許 许 Xǔ
高 Gāo
11 Teo Hokkien
Teochew
59,487 張 张 Zhāng
趙 赵 Zhào
12 Ang Hokkien
Teochew
Henghua
52,131 洪 Hóng
Hokkien 翁 Wēng
13 Ho Hokkien
Teochew
Cantonese
Hakka
Hainanese
50,949 何 Hé
14 Tay Hokkien
Teochew
49,438 鄭 郑 Zhèng
Hokkien
Henghua
戴 Dài
15 Yeo Hokkien
Teochew
48,889 楊 杨 Yáng
姚 Yáo
16 Low Teochew
Hokkien
Cantonese
Hakka
Henghua
43,122 劉 刘 Liú
羅 罗 Luó
盧 卢 Lú
駱 骆 Luò
17 Chong Hakka 41,552 張 张 Zhāng
Cantonese
Hakka
莊 庄 Zhuāng
鍾 钟 Zhōng
18 Chen Mandarin 35,895 陳 陈 Chén
Hakka 曾 Zēng
19 Leong Cantonese
Hakka
32,898 梁 Liáng
Hokkien 龍 龙 Lóng
20 Loh Hokkien
Teochew
Cantonese
Hakka
Hainanese
32,808 羅 罗 Luó
盧 卢 Lú
Hokkien 駱 骆 Luò
21 Chia Hokkien
Teochew
Hakka
32,718 謝 谢 Xiè
22 Sim Hokkien
Teochew
Hakka
32,621 沈 Shěn
23 Chew Hokkien
Teochew
Hainanese
Hakka
Henghua
31,051 周 Zhōu
Cantonese 趙 赵 Zhào
24 Wang Mandarin
Hainanese
28,888 王 Wáng
Mandarin 汪 Wāng
25 Yap Hokkien
Teochew
Hainanese
Hakka
28,636 葉 叶 Yè
26 Toh Teochew
Hokkien
28,268 杜 Dù
卓 Zhuó
27 Li Mandarin 26,363 李 Lǐ
28 Wee Hokkien
Hainanese
25,278 黃 黄 Huáng
Hokkien 阮 Ruǎn
29 Tang Teochew 24,548 陳 陈 Chén
Hokkien
Teochew
董 Dǒng
Cantonese 鄧 邓 Dèng
Eastern Min 鄭 郑 Zhèng
Mandarin 唐 Táng
湯 汤 Tāng
30 Yong Cantonese
Hakka
24,503 楊 杨 Yáng
31 Foo Hainanese 24,438 符 Fú
Hakka 胡 Hú
32 Soh Hokkien
Teochew
Cantonese
23,818 蘇 苏 Sū
33 Chin Hakka 23,211 陳 陈 Chén
Cantonese 錢 钱 Qián
34 Lin Mandarin 23,056 林 Lín
35 Chng Teochew
Hokkien
21,339 莊 庄 Zhuāng
36 Lau Teochew
Hokkien
Cantonese
21,047 劉 刘 Liú
37 Zhang Mandarin 19,549 張 张 Zhāng
38 Cheng Cantonese
Hainanese
19,401 鄭 郑 Zhèng
Teochew
Hokkien
鍾 钟 Zhōng
Mandarin 程 Chéng
39 Choo Hokkien
Teochew
Hainanese
19,181 朱 Zhū
Hakka 周 Zhōu
40 Liu Mandarin 18,374 劉 刘 Liú
41 Lai Cantonese 18,303 黎 Lí
Cantonese
Hakka
赖 Lài
42 Cheong Cantonese 17,993 張 张 Zhāng
Eastern Min 蔣 蒋 Jiǎng
43 Chee Hokkien
Hakka
17,870 徐 Xú
44 Heng Teochew 17,631 王 Wáng
45 Quek Teochew 17,418 郭 Guō
46 Peh Teochew
Hokkien
16,845 白 Bái
47 Khoo Teochew
Hokkien
16,572 丘 Qīu
邱
48 Poh Hokkien 16,527 傅 Fù
49 Seah Teochew
Hokkien
16,197 謝 谢 Xiè
佘 Shé
50 Pang Teochew
Hokkien
Hainanese
15,778 馮 冯 Féng
Mandarin 龐 庞 Páng
Cantonese
Hakka
彭 Péng
51 Huang Mandarin 15,519 黃 黄 Huáng
52 Liew Hakka 14,906 劉 刘 Liú
53 Yang Mandarin
Cantonese
14,809 楊 杨 Yáng
54 Neo Hokkien 14,550 梁 Liáng
55 Lam Hokkien
Hakka
Cantonese
13,640 藍 蓝 Lán
Cantonese 林 Lín
56 Chang Cantonese
Teochew
13,252 曾 Zēng
Hakka 鄭 郑 Zhèng
57 Gan Hokkien 13,130 顏 颜 Yán
58 Han Mandarin 12,962 韓 韩 Hán
59 Song Mandarin
Teochew
Cantonese
12,878 宋 Sòng
60 Wu Mandarin 12,839 吳 吴 Wú
61 Hong Mandarin
Cantonese
Hainanese
12,645 洪 Hóng
Cantonese 康 Kāng
熊 Xióng
Henghua 方 Fāng
62 Chow Cantonese 12,096 周 Zhōu
Teochew
Hokkien
曹 Cáo
Hakka 趙 赵 Zhào
63 Kok Cantonese 11,903 郭 Guō
64 Tham Hokkien
Teochew
Cantonese
Hakka
Hainanese
11,715 譚 谭 Tán
65 Ling Eastern Min 11,321 林 Lín
Mandarin 凌 Líng
66 Wei Mandarin 11,276 魏 Wèi
67 See Hokkien 11,063 施 Shī
Teochew
Hokkien
薛 Xuē
68 Oh Teochew
Hokkien
10,617 胡 Hú
69 Yu Mandarin 10,475 于 Yú
余 Yú
70 Seet Cantonese 10,361 薛 Xuē
71 Fong Cantonese 10,346 方 Fāng
馮 冯 Féng
72 Loo Cantonese
Hakka
10,340 羅 罗 Luó
Eastern Min 盧 卢 Lú
73 Kong Cantonese 9,642 江 Jiāng
Mandarin 孔 Kǒng
74 Phua Teochew
Hokkien
Hainanese
9,545 潘 Pān
75 Yee 9,487 于 Yú
Cantonese
Hakka
余 Yú
76 Seow Hokkien
Teochew
Hakka
9,442 蕭 萧 Xiāo
77 Teng Hokkien
Teochew
9,339 鄧 邓 Dèng
Henghua 陳 陈 Chén
78 Xu Mandarin 8,822 許 许 Xǔ
徐 Xú
79 Kang Hokkien 8,292 江 Jiāng
姜
Mandarin 康 Kāng
80 Tong Cantonese 8,150 董 Dǒng
唐 Táng
Mandarin 童 Tóng
81 Leow Hokkien
Teochew
Hakka
8,021 廖 Liào
82 Chai Cantonese
Hakka
7,950 蔡 Cài
83 Teh Teochew
Hokkien
7,711 鄭 郑 Zhèng
84 Png Teochew
Hokkien
7,687 方 Fāng
85 Soon Hokkien
Cantonese
Hakka
7,608 孫 孙 Sūn
86 Wan Cantonese 7,498 溫 温 Wēn
袁 Yuán
87 Tee Hokkien 7,466 鄭 郑 Zhèng
88 Hui Cantonese 7,272 許 许 Xǔ
89 Yip Cantonese 7,220 葉 叶 Yè
90 Woo Cantonese 7,123 胡 Hú
91 Liang Mandarin 7,098 梁 Liáng
92 Chung Cantonese 6,923 鍾 锺 Zhōng
93 Lu Mandarin 6,910 盧 卢 Lú
陸 陆 Lù
路 Lù
94 Soo Hakka 6,568 蘇 苏 Sū
95 Aw Hakka
Hokkien
6,381 胡 Hú
Hokkien
Teochew
Cantonese
Hakka
歐 欧 Ōu
96 Boon Teochew
Hokkien
Hainanese
6,368 文 Wén
97 Yan Mandarin 6,355 嚴 严 Yán
顏 颜
Cantonese 甄 Zhēn
98 Zhou Mandarin 6,265 周 Zhōu
99 Ting Eastern Min 6,232 陳 陈 Chén
丁 Dīng
100 Kee Hokkien
Teochew
Hakka
Hainanese
6,226 紀 纪 Jì
101 Seng Teochew
Hokkien
Cantonese
6,135 成 Chéng
102 Sun Mandarin 6,103 孫 孙 Sūn
Cantonese 辛 Xīn
103 Kwok Cantonese
Hakka
6,103 郭 Guo
104 Ooi Hainanese
Hokkien
6,064 黃 黄 Huáng
105 Kim Hokkien
Teochew
Hakka
Hainanese
6,026 金 Jīn
106 Yew Hokkien 5,748 楊 杨 Yáng
于 Yú
余 Yú
遊 游 Yóu
107 Su Mandarin 5,735 蘇 苏 Sū
108 Zheng Mandarin 5,677 鄭 郑 Zhèng
109 Law Hakka 5,593 劉 刘 Liú
110 Loke Cantonese 5,490 陸 陆 Lù
111 Poon Cantonese 5,418 潘 Pān
112 Chiang Hainanese 5,406 張 张 Zhāng
蔣 蒋 Jiǎng
113 Hu Mandarin 5,380 胡 Hú
114 Zhao Mandarin 5,373 趙 赵 Zhào
115 Peng Mandarin 5,315 彭 Péng
116 Lum Hokkien
Hakka
Cantonese
5,315 蓝 Lán
Cantonese 林 Lín
117 Ching Teochew 5,263 秦 Qín
118 Kwan Cantonese 5,192 關 关 Guān
119 Ee 5,154 于 Yú
Cantonese 余 Yú
120 Kwek Teochew
Hokkien
5,147 郭 Guō
121 Mok Hainanese
Cantonese
Teochew
5,089 莫 Mò
122 Ngiam Teochew
Hakka
Hainanese
Eastern Min
嚴 严 Yán
123 Nah Teochew 藍 蓝 Lán
124 Thia Hokkien
Teochew
程 Chéng
125 Quah Hokkien
Teochew
柯 Kē
126 Sng Teochew
Hokkien
孫 孙 Sūn
127 Eng Teochew 翁 Wēng

Thailand

The largest Chinese diaspora community in the world are the Chinese Thais (or Sino-Thais), who make up 12–14%[30][31] of the total Thai population. However, very few Chinese Thais have Chinese surnames, after the 1913 Surname Act that required the adoption of Thai surnames in order to enjoy Thai citizenship. Moreover, the same law requires that those possessing the same surname be related, meaning that immigrant Chinese may not adopt the surname of their clansmen unless they can show actual kinship.

United States

The 2010 US Census found 3,794,673 self-identified Chinese Americans and 230,382 self-identified Taiwanese Americans,[32] up from 2,734,841 Chinese Americans and 144,795 Taiwanese Americans in 2000.[33]

Although the Chinese make up the largest segment of the U.S. Asian and Pacific Islander population,[34] the most common Chinese-derived surname during the 2000 census was not itself Chinese but the Vietnamese Nguyễn (Chinese: 阮, Ruǎn).[3]

During the 2000 census, the 10 most common Chinese American names were:[note 1]

Rank Name Ethnicity
[35]
Total number
(2000 census; API only)
Character(s) Pinyin
Among
API
Across
all names
Trad. Simp.
2 24 Lee Chinese 229,200 李 Lǐ
Korean 黎 Lí
6 262 Chen Chinese 100,700 陳 陈 Chén
7 279 Wong Chinese
(Cantonese)
88,000 王 Wáng
黃 黄 Huáng
汪 Wāng
9 399 Yang Chinese
(Mandarin)
69,000 楊 杨 Yáng
10 440 Wang Chinese 63,800 王 Wáng
汪 Wāng
11 426 Chang Chinese 62,900 張 张 Zhāng
常 Cháng
12 461 Chan Chinese
(Cantonese)
59,800 陳 陈 Chén
14 521 Li Chinese 55,700 李 Lǐ
黎 Lí
17 626 Lin Chinese 47,000 林 Lín
18 652 Liu Chinese 45,500 劉 刘 Liú
廖 Liào
Other surveys
  • 2002: study by Matthew Falkenstein, data-mining the 2000 US Census for a particularly Asian & Pacific Islander name list,[36] omitting those like Lee that are common among other ethnicities
  • 2000: study by Diane Lauderdale, et al., data-mining Social Security card applications by persons born abroad before 1941 for a particularly Chinese-American name list[35]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Other popular Asian & Pacific Islander names are the Vietnamese names Nguyen (#1), Tran (#5), Le (#8), and Pham (#13); the Korean names Kim (#3) and Park (#15); and the Indian names Patel (#4) and Singh (#16).

References

  1. ^ "我国汉族公民最长姓名达15字 公安部:起名不规范会有不便" [My Country's Han Citizens' Longest Name Reaches 15 Characters.]. Xinhua Net (in Chinese). 12 December 2007. Archived from the original on 13 December 2007. Retrieved 16 March 2012.
  2. ^ Word, David L. & al. "Demographic Aspects of Surnames from Census 2000" Archived 2010-10-13 at the Wayback Machine. 26 June 2001. Accessed 3 February 2012.
  3. ^ a b United States Census Bureau. "Genealogy Data: Frequently Occurring Surnames from Census 2000" Archived 2009-12-21 at the Wayback Machine. 27 September 2011. Accessed 29 March 2012.
  4. ^ Prest, Kevin. "X三Y四: Similar Chinese Idioms (Chengyu)" Archived 2011-03-10 at the Wayback Machine. 4 March 2011. Accessed 5 April 2012.
  5. ^ a b c "公安部统计:'王'成中国第一大姓 有9288万人" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine [Public Security Bureau Statistics: 'Wang' Found China's #1 'Big Family', Includes 92.88m People]. 24 April 2007. Accessed 27 March 2012.(in Chinese)
  6. ^ a b 全國姓名統計分析. Ministry of the Interior, R.O.C. (Taiwan). 2016. ISBN 9789860503043. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017.
  7. ^ McFarlan, Donald. 1990 Guinness Book of World Records. Sterling Pub. Co., 2001. ISBN 189205101X.
  8. ^ Beijing News. "一个“张伟”找到29万人" Archived 2007-09-14 at the Wayback Machine [One Name 'Zhang Wei' Covers 290,000 People]. 26 July 2007. Accessed 16 March 2012. (in Chinese)
  9. ^ "透过《二〇一九年全国姓名报告》,看我国的姓名文化及其发展_名字". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  10. ^ People's Daily Online. "China issues first set of stamps of Chinese family names" Archived 2012-02-29 at the Wayback Machine. 19 November 2004. Accessed 28 March 2012.
  11. ^ 挑灯看剑 踏雪寻梅. "新'百家姓'图腾,快来看看您的尊姓啥模样" Archived 2012-04-01 at Wikiwix [The New Hundred Family Surnames's Totems: Quick, Come Look at Your Honorable Surname's Picture]. 12 December 2011. Accessed 28 March 2012. (in Chinese)
  12. ^ a b "公安部发布去年全国姓名报告,"王、李、张"姓排前三" 公安部发布去年全国姓名报告,“王、李、张”姓排前三. 30 January 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  13. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik. "Population of Indonesia by Province 1971, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2010" Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine. 2009. Accessed 29 March 2012.
  14. ^ Lafraniere, Sharon (21 April 2009). "Name Not on Our List? Change It, China Says". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2017.
  15. ^ 周长楫; 王建设; 陈荣翰; 林美治; 郭锦标, eds. (2006). Minnan Fangyan Da Cidian (in Chinese) (1st ed.). Fuzhou City: Fujian People's Publishing House. ISBN 7-211-03896-9.
  16. ^ Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan (in traditional Chinese). Ministry of Education, R.O.C. "臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典". Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  17. ^ Links to same page as 徐
  18. ^ "人口数据统计". Archived from the original on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
  19. ^ Fuxi Institution
  20. ^ Yuan Yida (袁义达), Qiu Jiaru, 邱家儒. 中国四百大姓. Beijing Book Co. Inc., 1 January 2013
  21. ^ Tsai, Chih-Hao. "Common Chinese Names" Archived 2014-10-18 at the Wayback Machine. 8 August 2011. Accessed 30 March 2012.
  22. ^ a b Tsai, Chih-Hao. "A List of Chinese Names" Archived 2012-04-15 at the Wayback Machine. 8 August 2011. Accessed 30 March 2012.
  23. ^ a b "Philippines Genealogical Resources". Forebears.
  24. ^ "Philippines Genealogical Resources". Forebears. Archived from the original on 12 August 2016.
  25. ^ a b Shah, B. R.; Chiu, M.; Amin, S.; Ramani, M.; Sadry, S.; Tu, J. V. (2010). "Surname lists to identify South Asian and Chinese ethnicity from secondary data in Ontario, Canada: A validation study". BMC Medical Research Methodology. 10: 42. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-10-42. PMC 2877682. PMID 20470433.
  26. ^ Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010. Badan Pusat Statistik. 2011. ISBN 9789790644175. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
  27. ^ "Population and Housing Census, Malaysia 2010 (2010 Census)". Malaysia: Department of Statistics, Malaysia. 2010. Archived from the original on 24 August 2011. Retrieved 4 April 2011.
  28. ^ Statistics Singapore. "Popular Chinese Surnames in Singapore".
  29. ^ "Singaporean Surnames - most common family names from Singapore".
  30. ^ US State Department. "Background Note: Thailand". 3 January 2012. Accessed 4 April 2012.
  31. ^ US Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook. "Thailand" . 20 March 2012. Accessed 4 April 2012.
  32. ^ United States Census Bureau. "QT-P8" . Race Reporting for the Asian Population by Selected Categories: 2010 2010. Census Summary File 1. 2010. Accessed 3 April 2012.
  33. ^ United States Census Bureau. "The Asian Population: 2000" Archived 2010-06-01 at the Wayback Machine. February 2002. Accessed 3 April 2012.
  34. ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census 2000: Chinese Largest Asian Group in the United States" Archived 2017-01-18 at the Wayback Machine. 4 March 2002. Accessed 29 March 2012.
  35. ^ a b Lauderdale, Diane S.; et al. (2000). "Asian American ethnic identification by surname" (PDF). Population Research and Policy Review. 19 (3): 283–300. doi:10.1023/A:1026582308352. S2CID 151050659. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 January 2013..
  36. ^ Falkenstein, Matthew R. "The Asian & Pacific Islander surname list: as developed from Census 2000" Archived 2013-03-07 at the Wayback Machine. Joint Statistical Meetings 2002. (New York), 2002.