Marko Voinovich

For the noble family, see Vojnović family.
In this name that follows East Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Ivanovich and the family name is Voinovich.
Count

Marko Ivanovich Voinovich
Bust of Voinovich in Herceg Novi
Native name
Марко Ивановић Војновић / Ма́рко Ива́нович Во́йнович
Born1750 (1750)
Herceg Novi, Republic of Venice
Died1807 (aged 56–57)
Moscow, Moscow Governorate, Russian Empire
Allegiance Russian Empire
Branch Imperial Russian Navy
Service years1770–1805
RankAdmiral
CommandsBlack Sea Fleet
Conflicts
RelationsVojnović noble family

Count Marko Ivanovich Voinovich[a] (Russian: Ма́рко Ива́нович Во́йнович; Serbian: Марко Ивановић Војновић, Marko Ivanović Vojnović; 1750–1807) was an admiral of the Russian Imperial Navy. He was one of the founders of the Black Sea Fleet.[1]

Life

Voinovich was born in Herceg Novi, Republic of Venice (now Montenegro). He was a member of the Voinović noble family, a Serb family recognized as nobility by Venice, Trieste in the Habsburg monarchy,[2] and Imperial Russia.

In 1770 Voinovich was accepted into the Russian Navy as an ensign and saw distinguished service in the Mediterranean expedition of Russian Navy during the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774).[1]

In 1780 Voinovich was appointed the Commander of the Caspian Flotilla[1] He led an expedition to the Caspian Sea in 1781 and discovered offshore oil and gas deposits near Chilov Island.[3] That same year, he requested permission from the Iranian warlord Agha Mohammad Khan (later Shah of Iran) to found a trading post at Ashraf (today's Behshahr). Agha Mohammad refused, but Voinovich went on to establish a temporary settlement at Qaraduvin and the Ashurada islands. The khan then invited Voinovich and his officers to visit him in Astarabad, where they were held hostage until Voinovich sent orders to his men to dismantle and abandon the settlement.[4]

In 1783 Voinovich was appointed the commander of the first battleship of the nascent Black Sea Fleet. In 1785 he became the commander of Sevastopol Squadron.[1] He fought in the Black Sea against the Turkish Navy led by Hassan Pasha in 1788.[5] From the end of 1789 to the beginning 1790 Voinovich was the Chief of the Black Sea Fleet. Although the Russian Navy won the Battle of Fidonisi under his command, his actions in the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) were considered indecisive and he was dismissed from command of the Fleet in March 1790.[1]

In 1797 Voinovich became a member of the Black Sea Admiralty Administration. He was appointed a full Admiral in 1801 and retired in 1805.[1]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The surname is also romanized as Voynovich

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Voynovich, Mark Ivanovich article in Great Soviet Encyclopedia (in Russian)
  2. ^ Martinović 2003.
  3. ^ Mir-Babayev, Mir Yusif (2002). "Azerbaijan's Oil History A Chronology Leading up to the Soviet Era". zer.com.
  4. ^ Hambly, Gavin R. G. (1991). "Āghā Muḥammad Khān and the Establishment of the Qājār Dynasty". In Avery, Peter; Hambly, Gavin; Melville, Charles (eds.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic. Cambridge University Press. pp. 115–116. ISBN 978-0-521-20095-0.
  5. ^ "Battles in the Black Sea". rusnavy.com.

Sources

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