Siege of Yamyshev

Siege of Yamyshev
Part of the Dzungar–Russian conflicts of Russian conquest of Central Asia
Date1716
Location
Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan
Result

Dzungar victory

  • Failure of Buchholz's expedition
  • Sack of Russian miltiary supplies[1]
  • Destruction of the Fortress[1]
Belligerents
Dzungar Khanate Tsardom of Russia
Commanders and leaders
Dzungar Khanate Tseren Dhondup[2] Tsardom of Russia Buchholz[2]
Strength
10,000[2] Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown

3,000:

  • 2,300 starved or from disease[1]
  • 700 POW[1]

The Siege of Yamyshev was a military siege by the Dzungar Khanate against the Tsardom of Russia's expedition led by Buchholz. This was from orders by the Peter I of Russia, to Buchholz in 1714. With the goal being to capture Erket (Yarkend)'s gold deposits.[3] This expedition failed and later another expedition from Likharev arrived to Dzungaria, however the Dzungars later battled the Russian expedition force on the Lake Zaysan and set the boundaries between the Dzungars and the Russians.[4]

Background

In 1714, Buccholz received orders from to capture Erket (Yarkend)'s gold deposits.[3] In 1715, a Russian detachment arrived to start the construction of the Yamyshev fortress,[5] instread of going deeper as Buchholz sent a letter to Peter I that going further is dangerous with a small army—however the letter didn't arrive until August 7th of 1716.[6] During that Tsewang Rabtan, the ruler of the Dzungar Khanate sent an ultimatum to Buchholz to leave — in which Buchholz had rejected the offer.[2]

Siege

On February 9th, Tsewang Rabtan had sent his brother, Tseren Dhondup to siege the fortress with forces of 10,000 men.[2] On the siege, Russians had lost about 2,300 men from disease and starvation, as the Dzungars blocked Russian supply forces.[1] In which they attacked a caravan from Tobolsk, seizing supplies and taking 700 men from them.[7][1] Soon Buchholz had fled from the fortress as the Dzungars started demolishing the fortress and razed buildings and infrastructure and sacked the supplies present on the fortress.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Chulkov, Mikhail (1785). Историческое описание Российской коммерции при всех портах и границах от древних времён до ныне настоящего [Historical Description of Russian Commerce at All Ports and Borders from Ancient Times to the Present] (in Russian). Vol. 3. М.: Универ. тип. p. 447.
  2. ^ a b c d e Perdue, P.C. (2005). China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia. Cambridge: the Belknap press of Harvard university press, Peter C. Perdue. p. 212. ISBN 0-674-01684-X.
  3. ^ a b Martynov, L. (1939). Крепость на Оми: Исторический очерк [The Fortress on the Om: A Historical Sketch] (in Russian). Omsk: Омскоблиздат, L. Martynov.
  4. ^ Grousset, Rene (1970). The Empire of Steppes: A History of Central Asia. New Brunswick: RUTGERS UNIVERSITY PRESS. p. 532.
  5. ^ Martynov, L. (1939). Крепость на Оми: Исторический очерк [The Fortress on the Om: A Historical Sketch] (in Russian). Omsk: Омскоблиздат.
  6. ^ "Бухгольц, Иван Димитриевич" [Buchholz, Ivan Dmitrievich]. Энциклопедический лексикон (in Russian). Vol. 7: Бра—Бял. СПб: Тип. А. Плюшара. 1836. p. 622.
  7. ^ Владимир Куприн - эпопея Бухгольца
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