Toporzeł

Toporzeł
Szukalski (centre right) with the Toporzeł, 1936
Adopted1935
DesignerStanisław Szukalski

The Toporzeł is an emblem created by Stanisław Szukalski in 1935 to replace the traditional White Eagle of Poland.[1][2][3] The Toporzeł was created through a combination of the axe and eagle (topór and orzeł). The head has the form of a hook shaped like an eagle's head, symbolising a break with tradition. A symbol based on the Toporzeł, but with a cross instead of an eagle's head, the Topokrzyż, appeared in Szukalski's magazine Krak. It bore the inscription GOJ - Gospodarczą Organizujmy Jedność and was intended by the author to be used to mark non-Jewish shops.[4] At the beginning of 1940, in German- occupied Warsaw, the symbol was used by Polish antisemites from the paramilitary Atak group to mark Christian shops, in order to economically boycott Jews.[5]

Therefore, I am bringing you a beautiful sign, a new Eagle, even simpler than the Piast, so that you, who are possessed, are also you, the intention of the mission of the Rodoslawi; with an open heart they adopted on their banners, a sincere confession of national and racial patriotism, this is the sign of Topor, which became the Eagle. Let the Axor give us all, regardless of the different paths of attaining to the same Ideal, inspiration is needed today

— S. Szukalski


References

  1. ^ Kirch, Eva; Kirsch, Donat, eds. (2001). Struggle: The Art of Szukalski. Last Gasp. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-86719-479-1. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  2. ^ Lameński, Lechosław (2007). Stach z Warty. Szukalski i Szczep Rogate Serce. Wydawnictwo KUL. p. 187. ISBN 978-83-7363-554-8.
  3. ^ Lameński, Lechosław (2007). Stach z Warty. Szukalski i Szczep Rogate Serce. Wydawnictwo KUL. p. 193. ISBN 978-83-7363-554-8.
  4. ^ Lameński, Lechosław (2007). Stach z Warty Szukalski i Szczep Rogate Serce (in Polish). Wydawn. KUL. p. 223. ISBN 978-83-7363-554-8. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  5. ^ Szarota, Tomasz (2015). On the Threshold of the Holocaust: Anti-Jewish Riots and Pogroms in Occupied Europe : Warsaw, Paris, The Hague, Amsterdam, Antwerp, Kaunas (PDF). Peter Lang Edition. p. 39. ISBN 978-3-631-64048-7. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.