List of countries by rate of natural increase

Natural annual increase in population per 1,000 people, from the CIA World Factbook, 2025.
  35 and up
  30 to 34.9
  25 to 29.9
  20 to 24.9
  15 to 19.9
  10 to 14.9
  5 to 9.9
  0 to 4.9
  -5 to -0.1
  -10 to -5.1
  -11.4 (Ukraine)
  No data

The rate of natural increase (RNI) is the birth rate minus the death rate. It is typically expressed either as a number per 1,000 individuals in the population or as a percentage. RNI can be either positive or negative. It contrasts to total population change by ignoring net migration.

Countries and subnational areas

Rates are CIA World Factbook estimates of the number of births or deaths in 2025 per 1,000 people. These are also known as crude birth or death rates. The natural increase rate is calculated from the birth and death rates.

  • Note: Locations link to demographics pages.
List of countries and subnational areas by rate of natural increase
Location Rate per 1,000 people
Natural increase Crude births[1] Crude deaths[2]
 Niger 37.05 46.29 9.24
 Somalia 35.14 46.36 11.22
 Uganda 34.3 38.91 4.61
 Angola 33.02 39.75 6.73
 Benin 32.37 39.82 7.45
 Mali 31.57 39.44 7.87
 DR Congo 31.43 38.8 7.37
 Burundi 30.4 35.91 5.51
 Afghanistan 30.2 35.99 5.79
 Chad 29.87 38.62 8.75
 Guinea-Bissau 28.83 35.82 6.99
 Mauritania 28.83 34.01 5.18
 Tanzania 28.49 33.45 4.96
 Guinea 27.35 35.04 7.69
 South Sudan 27.03 35.68 8.65
 Sudan 26.95 32.95 6
 Mozambique 26.73 36.07 9.34
 Togo 25.53 30.17 4.64
 Zambia 24.69 29.6 4.91
 Senegal 24.69 29.54 4.85
 Burkina Faso 24.5 31.74 7.24
 Malawi 24.47 28.04 3.57
 Nigeria 24.14 33.56 9.42
 Cameroon 24.06 30.79 6.73
 West Bank 24.04 27.24 3.2
 Congo 23.7 28.34 4.64
 Liberia 23.55 31.72 8.17
 Ethiopia 23.5 29.08 5.58
 Gaza Strip 23.28 26.05 2.77
 Ivory Coast 22.94 29.87 6.93
 Yemen 22.86 29.07 6.21
 Papua New Guinea 22.21 27.57 5.36
 Zimbabwe 21.78 28.18 6.4
 Madagascar 21.59 27.54 5.95
 Ghana 21.36 27.09 5.73
 Sierra Leone 21.24 30.04 8.8
 Kenya 21.21 25.93 4.72
 Gambia 20.96 26.49 5.53
 Tajikistan 20.86 25.31 4.45
 Central African Republic 20.45 31.49 11.04
 Rwanda 20.18 25.05 4.87
 Gabon 20.07 25.51 5.44
 São Tomé and Príncipe 20.03 25.87 5.84
 Equatorial Guinea 19.74 28.55 8.81
 Eritrea 19.49 25.92 6.43
 Iraq 19.4 23.26 3.86
 Pakistan 19.26 25.05 5.79
 Jordan 18.4 21.9 3.5
 Solomon Islands 17.63 21.57 3.94
 Namibia 17.57 23.93 6.36
 Oman 17.48 20.65 3.17
 Syria 17.29 21.26 3.97
 Timor-Leste 16.53 23.39 6.86
 Marshall Islands 16.44 20.81 4.37
 Libya 16.35 19.83 3.48
 Vanuatu 16.34 20.36 4.02
 Algeria 15.23 19.62 4.39
 Kuwait 15.06 17.36 2.3
 Honduras 14.8 19.7 4.9
 Comoros 14.74 21.12 6.38
 Djibouti 14.46 21.46 7
 Tonga 14.45 19.43 4.98
 Botswana 14.36 21.16 6.8
 Egypt 14.3 18.63 4.33
 Israel 14 18.89 4.89
 Uzbekistan 13.93 18.93 5
 Tuvalu 13.79 21.57 7.78
 Haiti 13.76 20.76 7
 Bangladesh 13.4 19.45 6.05
 Micronesia 13.32 17.55 4.23
 Laos 13.15 19.22 6.07
 Samoa 13.12 18.53 5.41
 Nauru 13.09 19.64 6.55
 Mongolia 12.66 18.01 5.35
 Belize 12.57 17.44 4.87
 Kiribati 12.52 19.4 6.88
 Eswatini 12.36 20.66 8.3
 Kyrgyzstan 12.27 18.26 5.99
 Guatemala 12.13 17.12 4.99
 Cambodia 12.12 17.74 5.62
 Cape Verde 11.78 17.51 5.73
 Guam (US) 11.72 17.9 6.18
 Panama 11.63 17.11 5.48
 Brunei 11.62 15.58 3.96
 Lesotho 11.48 21.68 10.2
 Nepal 11.04 16.66 5.62
 Bolivia 11.03 17.02 5.99
 Nicaragua 10.93 16.07 5.14
 Paraguay 10.69 15.66 4.97
 South Africa 10.65 17.21 6.56
 Lebanon 10.5 16.73 6.23
 Maldives 10.47 14.77 4.3
 Turkmenistan 10.44 16.43 5.99
 Dominican Republic 10.43 17.4 6.97
 Ecuador 10.3 17.42 7.12
 Philippines 10.22 16.02 5.8
 Venezuela 9.91 16.45 6.54
 Saudi Arabia 9.9 13.41 3.51
 Northern Mariana Islands (US) 9.89 15.8 5.91
 Morocco 9.84 16.5 6.66
 Guyana 9.63 16.68 7.05
 Bhutan 9.3 15.05 5.75
 Bahrain 9.22 12.08 2.86
 Turks and Caicos Islands (UK) 9.14 12.73 3.59
 Fiji 9.05 15.63 6.58
 Saint Martin (France) 8.95 13.78 4.83
 Antigua and Barbuda 8.93 14.7 5.77
 United Arab Emirates 8.92 10.65 1.73
 American Samoa (US) 8.9 15.3 6.4
 Vietnam 8.77 14.58 5.81
 Kazakhstan 8.73 16.83 8.1
 Jamaica 8.71 16.08 7.37
 Mexico 8.69 14.73 6.04
 Burma 8.27 15.44 7.17
 Malaysia 8.25 14.05 5.8
 Suriname 7.89 14.63 6.74
 Qatar 7.77 9.19 1.42
 Colombia 7.77 14.73 6.96
 Indonesia 7.73 14.55 6.82
 Bahamas 7.66 13.1 5.44
 New Caledonia (France) 7.6 13.6 6
 Turkey 7.37 13.56 6.19
 Kosovo 7.28 14.16 6.88
 India 7.21 15.91 8.7
 Anguilla (UK) 6.93 11.69 4.76
 French Polynesia (France) 6.86 12.7 5.84
 Iran 6.82 11.24 4.42
 Sri Lanka 6.73 14.38 7.65
 Peru 6.64 16.43 9.79
 El Salvador 6.53 12.46 5.93
 Faroe Islands (Denmark) 6.18 14.76 8.58
 Brazil 5.97 13.04 7.07
 Iceland 5.85 12.47 6.62
 Costa Rica 5.62 10.86 5.24
 Wallis and Futuna (France) 5.5 11.63 6.13
 New Zealand 5.47 12.4 6.93
 Montserrat 5.46 11.64 6.18
 Sint Maarten (Netherlands) 5.41 12 6.59
 British Virgin Islands (UK) 5.22 10.8 5.58
 Cayman Islands (UK) 5.17 11.41 6.24
 Tunisia 4.95 11.35 6.4
 Dominica 4.87 13.02 8.15
 Gibraltar (UK) 4.84 13.55 8.71
 Azerbaijan 4.69 11.13 6.44
 Grenada 4.59 13 8.41
 Seychelles 4.57 11.59 7.02
 Singapore 4.39 8.77 4.38
 Jersey 4.17 11.97 7.8
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 4.15 11.58 7.43
 Greenland (Denmark) 4.03 13.32 9.29
 North Korea 3.98 12.99 9.01
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 3.97 11.72 7.75
 Australia 3.94 10.75 6.81
 Curaçao (Netherlands) 3.8 12.71 8.91
 Ireland 3.52 10.95 7.43
 Macau (China) 3.29 8.31 5.02
 Palau 3.01 11.53 8.52
 Cyprus 2.84 9.95 7.11
 Saint Lucia 2.76 11.17 8.41
 Aruba 2.59 11.44 8.85
 Luxembourg 2.58 9.24 6.66
 Argentina 2.53 10.47 7.94
 Cook Islands (New Zealand) 2.37 11.85 9.48
 Liechtenstein 2.07 10.31 8.24
 Chile 2.02 8.81 6.79
 United States 1.99 10.75 8.76
 Norway 1.75 10.35 8.6
 Thailand 1.74 9.82 8.08
 Trinidad and Tobago 1.64 10.33 8.69
 United Kingdom 1.51 10.76 9.25
 U.S. Virgin Islands (US) 1.45 10.88 9.43
 Bermuda (UK) 1.42 10.82 9.4
 Switzerland 1.4 10.01 8.61
 Canada 1.37 9.12 7.75
 Netherlands 0.98 10.68 9.7
 France 0.97 10.88 9.91
 Sweden 0.93 10.56 9.63
 Albania 0.81 8.71 7.9
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (UK) 0.76 9.31 8.55
 Armenia 0.64 10.24 9.6
 Mauritius 0.59 9.73 9.14
 Montenegro 0.48 10.77 10.29
 North Macedonia 0.45 10.07 9.62
 Guernsey (UK) 0.45 9.64 9.19
 San Marino 0.14 9.04 8.9
 Isle of Man (UK) 0.05 10.25 10.2
 Saint Barthélemy (France) -0.43 9.32 9.75
 Belgium -0.46 9.09 9.55
 China -0.69 7.28 7.97
 Hong Kong (China) -0.71 7.45 8.16
 Denmark -0.75 9.81 10.56
 Uruguay -0.83 9.05 9.88
 Taiwan -0.96 7.22 8.18
 Malta -0.98 7.67 8.65
 Georgia -1.15 11.74 12.89
 Andorra -1.26 6.88 8.14
 Austria -1.4 8.81 10.21
 Slovakia -1.41 9.77 11.18
 Czech Republic -2.26 9.56 11.82
 South Korea -2.65 4.29 6.94
 Puerto Rico -2.7 7.78 10.48
 Spain -2.82 7.16 9.98
 Portugal -2.89 8.03 10.92
 Germany -3.09 8.87 11.96
 Finland -3.26 7.75 11.01
 Poland -3.53 8.03 11.56
 Cuba -3.64 7.78 11.42
 Slovenia -3.68 7.52 11.2
 Barbados -3.94 8.02 11.96
 Italy -4.07 7.13 11.2
 Croatia -4.38 8.49 12.87
 Greece -4.61 7.38 11.99
 Estonia -4.71 7.86 12.57
 Monaco -4.9 6.46 11.36
 Belarus -5.05 8.16 13.21
 Japan -5.2 6.84 12.04
 Hungary -5.38 9.03 14.41
 Bosnia and Herzegovina -5.41 6.88 12.29
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) -5.52 6.31 11.83
 Russia -5.66 8.27 13.93
 Moldova -5.71 8.35 14.06
 Romania -5.83 8.45 14.28
 Serbia -5.94 8.72 14.66
 Bulgaria -6.3 7.88 14.18
 Lithuania -7.09 7.01 14.1
 Latvia -7.44 7.24 14.68
 Ukraine -11.37 6.24 17.61

Summary by region

The table below assembles history and projections for the major regions shown. The numbers show total births minus total deaths per 1,000 population for the region for each time period. The first four columns show actual rate of natural increase. The remaining columns show projections using the medium fertility variant. All numbers are from the UN Population Division.[3]

Region 1950–55 1970–75 1990–95 2010–15 2015–20 2025–30 2035–40 2045–50
World +17.8 +19.5 +15.2 +11.9 +10.9 +8.7 +7.0 +5.6
Africa +21.5 +27.4 +26.1 +26.4 +25.3 +22.8 +20.6 +18.1
Asia +19.3 +22.8 +16.4 +10.7 +9.3 +6.3 +3.8 +1.8
Europe +10.3 +5.5 +0.3 −0.1 −0.7 −2.1 −2.8 −3.2
Latin America & The Caribbean +27.1 +25.8 +19.0 +11.9 +10.4 +7.5 +4.9 +2.8
Northern America +14.9 +6.4 +6.6 +4.2 +4.2 +3.5 +2.0 +1.1
Oceania +15.7 +14.5 +12.2 +10.5 +9.7 +8.0 +6.4 +5.3

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
  2. ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
  3. ^ ""United Nations Population Div, World Population Prospects 2017, File: Rate of Natural Population Growth Rate". Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2018.

See also

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