Pari (letter)

Pari
Ⴔ ⴔ ფ Ფ
Usage
Writing systemGeorgian script
TypeAlphabetic
Language of originGeorgian language
Sound values[p⁽ʰ⁾]
In UnicodeU+10B4, U+2D14, U+10E4, U+1CA4
Alphabetical position24
History
Development
𓃻?
Time periodc. 430 to present
TransliterationsP, P’, P‘
Other
Associated numbers500
Writing directionLeft-to-right

Pari, or Phar (Asomtavruli: Ⴔ; Nuskhuri: ⴔ; Mkhedruli: ფ; Mtavruli: Ფ; Georgian: ფარი, ფარი) is the 24th letter of the three Georgian scripts.[1]

In the system of Georgian numerals, it has a value of 500.[2] Pari represents the voiceless bilabial (aspirated) plosive /p⁽ʰ⁾/, like the pronunciation of ⟨p⟩ in "part" or "pan". It is typically romanized with the letter P, P’ or P‘.[3]

Letter

asomtavruli nuskhuri mkhedruli mtavruli

Stroke order

asomtavruli[4]
nuskhuri[5]
mkhedruli[6]

Computer encodings

Character information
Preview Ⴔ ⴔ ფ Ფ
Unicode name GEORGIAN CAPITAL LETTER PHAR[7] GEORGIAN SMALL LETTER PHAR[8] GEORGIAN LETTER PHAR[7] GEORGIAN MTAVRULI CAPITAL LETTER PHAR
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 4276 U+10B4 11540 U+2D14 4324 U+10E4 7332 U+1CA4
UTF-8 225 130 180 E1 82 B4 226 180 148 E2 B4 94 225 131 164 E1 83 A4 225 178 164 E1 B2 A4
Numeric character reference Ⴔ Ⴔ ⴔ ⴔ ფ ფ Ფ Ფ

Braille

mkhedruli[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ Machavariani, p. 136
  2. ^ Mchedlidze, (2) p. 80
  3. ^ "Transliteration of Georgian" (PDF).
  4. ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 105
  5. ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 107
  6. ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 110
  7. ^ a b Unicode (1)
  8. ^ Unicode (2)
  9. ^ UNESCO, World Braille Usage, Third Edition, Washington, D.C. p. 45

Bibliography

  • Mchedlidze, T. (1) The restored Georgian alphabet, Fulda, Germany, 2013
  • Mchedlidze, T. (2) The Georgian script; Dictionary and guide, Fulda, Germany, 2013
  • Machavariani, E. Georgian manuscripts, Tbilisi, 2011
  • The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (1) Georgian, 1991-2013
  • The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (2) Georgian Supplement, 1991-2013
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