Portal:1990s

The 1990s Portal

From top left, clockwise: The **Hubble Space Telescope** orbits the Earth after it was launched in 1990; American jets fly over burning oil fields in the 1991 **Gulf War**; the **Oslo Accords** on 13 September 1993; the **World Wide Web** gains massive popularity worldwide; Boris Yeltsin greets crowds after the failed August Coup, which leads to the **dissolution of the Soviet Union** on 26 December 1991; **Dolly the sheep** is the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell; the funeral procession of Diana, Princess of Wales, who **died in a 1997 car crash**, and was mourned by Billions; hundreds of thousands of Tutsi people are killed in the **Rwandan genocide** of 1994

The 1990s (pronounced "nineteen-nineties"; shortened to "the '90s") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on 1 January 1990, and ended on 31 December 1999.

Culturally, the 1990s are characterized by the rise of multiculturalism and alternative media, which continues into the present day. Movements such as hip hop, the rave scene and grunge spread around the world to young people during that decade, aided by then-new technology such as cable television and the World Wide Web.

In the absence of world communism, which collapsed in the first two years of the decade, the 1990s was politically defined by a movement towards the right-wing, including increase in support for far-right parties in Europe^[1] as well as the advent of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party^[2] and cuts in social spending in the United States,^[3] Canada,^[4] New Zealand,^[5] and the UK.^[6] The United States also saw a massive revival in the use of the death penalty in the 1990s, which reversed in the early 21st century.^[7] During the 1990s the character of the European Union and Euro were formed and codified in treaties.

A combination of factors, including the continued mass mobilization of capital markets through neo-liberalism, the thawing of the decades-long Cold War, the beginning of the widespread proliferation of new media such as the Internet from the middle of the decade onwards, increasing skepticism towards government, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union led to a realignment and reconsolidation of economic and political power across the world and within countries. The dot-com bubble of 1997–2000 brought wealth to some entrepreneurs before its crash between 2000 and 2001.

The 1990s saw extreme advances in technology, with the World Wide Web, the first gene therapy trial, and the first designer babies^[8] all emerging in 1990 and being improved and built upon throughout the decade.

New ethnic conflicts emerged in Africa, the Balkans, and the Caucasus, the former two which led to the Rwandan and Bosnian genocides, respectively. Signs of any resolution of tensions between Israel and the Arab world remained elusive despite the progress of the Oslo Accords, though The Troubles in Northern Ireland came to a standstill in 1998 with the Good Friday Agreement after 30 years of violence.^[9]

Selected article -

Pos	Grp	Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts	Qualification
1	D	Argentina	3	2	0	1	6	3	+3	6	Advance to knockout stage
2	F	Belgium	3	2	0	1	2	1	+1	6
3	A	United States	3	1	1	1	3	3	0	4
4	E	Italy	3	1	1	1	2	2	0	4
5	B	Russia	3	1	0	2	7	6	+1	3
6	C	South Korea	3	0	2	1	4	5	−1	2

Source: FIFA

(Full article...)

List of selected articles

Did you know (auto-generated) -

... that "the Psycho" controlled the drug trade in Finglas, Cabra, and Ballymun from the early 1990s until his death in 1996?
... that until the 1990s, linguists often confused the Nizaa language with a similarly named local language?
... that a brigade of Russian paratroopers took part in a NATO-led peacekeeping mission during the 1990s?
... that the 1975 French jazz-funk album Troupeau Bleu has been sampled by hip-hop artists at least 142 times since the 1990s?
... that Allen DeGraffenreid, who played in the NFL in the 1990s, is not to be confused with Allen DeGraffenreid, who played in the NFL in the 1990s?
... that the gray stonecrop was little known in the 1970s but became so popular by the 1990s that demand exceeded supply?

Selected picture

1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt

Tanks near the Red Square in Moscow during the failed coup attempt. The USSR fell just 4 months later.

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Selected biography -

Armstrong before the 2009 Tour Down Under

Lance Edward Armstrong (né Gunderson; born September 18, 1971) is an American former professional road racing cyclist. He achieved international fame for winning the Tour de France a record seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005, but was stripped of his titles in 2012 after an investigation into doping allegations found that Armstrong used performance-enhancing drugs over his career. Armstrong is banned from all sanctioned bicycling events.

At age 16, Armstrong began competing as a triathlete and was a national sprint-course triathlon champion in 1989 and 1990. In 1992, he began his career as a professional cyclist with the Motorola team. Armstrong had success between 1993 and 1996 with the World Championship in 1993, the Clásica de San Sebastián in 1995, Tour DuPont in 1995 and 1996, and a handful of stage victories in Europe, including stage 8 of the 1993 Tour de France and stage 18 of the 1995 Tour de France. In 1996, he was diagnosed with a potentially fatal metastatic testicular cancer. After recovering, Armstrong founded the Lance Armstrong Foundation (now the Livestrong Foundation) to assist other cancer survivors. (Full article...)

List of selected biographies

General images -

The following are images from various 1990s-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Metal Slug (arcade, 1996) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 2Eurostar logo 1994–2011 (from 1990s)
Image 3Atari Jaguar (1993) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 4Group of young children displaying various fashion trends. Amman, 1998. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 5Nude and darker shades of lipstick seemed popular throughout the decade. (Fran Drescher, 1996) (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 6Luis Miguel, first Latin idol of the decade (from 1990s in music)
Image 7Nine Inch Nails, 2005 (from 1990s in music)
Image 8Maná in concert. (from 1990s in music)
Image 9Typical late 1990s fashions, 1997. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 10Korn, 1997 (from 1990s in music)
Image 11PlayStation (1994) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 12Neo Geo (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 13Dancers at the 1992 Snoqualmie Moondance Festival in Snoqualmie, Washington. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 14The Dow Jones Index of the 1990s (from 1990s)
Image 15US, Canadian, and Mexican dignitaries initialing the draft North American Free Trade Agreement in October 1992 (from 1990s)
Image 16Game Boy Pocket (1996) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 17Vazgen Sargsyan (from 1990s)
Image 18Friends, which premiered on NBC in 1994 became one of the most popular sitcoms of all time. From left, clockwise: Lisa Kudrow, Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Matthew Perry, Matt LeBlanc, and David Schwimmer, the six main actors of Friends. (from 1990s)
Image 19Garage punk band, 1997 (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 20A Dassault Falcon 50 similar to the one shot down in the assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira (from 1990s)
Image 21US First Lady Hillary Clinton wearing a straw hat, 1995. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 223DO Interactive Multiplayer (1993) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 23The German electronic rock duo Das Ich, 1993. Their aspect shows the influence of the goth look which returned in the 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 24Big Bad Voodoo Daddy (from 1990s in music)
Image 25Microsoft SideWinder Force Feedback Pro (1997) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 26Bomber jacket with orange lining, popular from the mid- to late-1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 27An "I Believe Anita Hill" button pin in support of her sexual harassment allegations against U.S. Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas. Hill testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee arguing against the confirmation of Thomas. (from 1990s)
Image 28A pair of British Knights. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 29Flag map of the world from 1992 (from 1990s)
Image 30From top left, clockwise: The Hubble Space Telescope orbits the Earth after it was launched in 1990; American jets fly over burning oil fields in the 1991 Gulf War; the Oslo Accords on 13 September 1993; the World Wide Web gains massive popularity worldwide; Boris Yeltsin greets crowds after the failed August Coup, which leads to the dissolution of the Soviet Union on 26 December 1991; Dolly the sheep is the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell; the funeral procession of Diana, Princess of Wales, who died in a 1997 car crash, and was mourned by Billions; hundreds of thousands of Tutsi people are killed in the Rwandan genocide of 1994 (from 1990s)
Image 31Virtual Boy (1995) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 32Tim McGraw (from 1990s in music)
Image 33Pagers became widely popular. (from 1990s)
Image 34Blue wide-leg jeans. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 35The compact disc reached its peak in popularity in the 1990s, and not once did another audio format surpass the CD in music sales from 1991 throughout the remainder of the decade. By 2000, the CD accounted for 92.3% of the entire market share in regard to music sales. (from 1990s)
Image 36Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in 1990 in Seattle, Washington. (from 1990s in music)
Image 37Converse All Stars, popular in the early 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 38Woman with what would come be known as the Rachel haircut, early 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 39Seinfeld, which premiered on NBC in 1989, became a commercial success and cultural phenomenon by 1993. (from 1990s)
Image 40Dixie Chicks (from 1990s in music)
Image 41An early portable CD player, a Sony Discman model D121. (from 1990s)
Image 42Dolly the sheep is the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell. (from 1990s)
Image 43Moby, 2009 (from 1990s in music)
Image 44Crowd of rave-goers, 1995. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 45Razer Boomslang (first gaming mouse, 1999) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 46Block-heeled shoes, popular from 1995 to 2001. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 47Butterfly and floral clips, worn in the mid- and late 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 48Game Boy Color (1998) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 49Game Gear (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 50SNES (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 51Dutch high school prom, 1994. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 52Kurt Cobain, 1992. He wears grunge clothing, popular from 1991 to 1996. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 53Nintendo 64 (1996) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 54Electronic musician and DJ James Lavelle dressed in club attire, 1997. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 55Garth Brooks (from 1990s in music)
Image 56A typical early 1990s personal computer. (from 1990s)
Image 57Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 58Women's side gusset shoes were popular among preppy and hip-hop subcultures in the mid- to late-1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 59Green Day, 2015 (from 1990s in music)
Image 60Pablo Escobar (from 1990s)
Image 61Rwandan genocide: Bones of genocide victims in Murambi Technical School. Estimates put the death toll of the Rwandan genocide as high as 800,000 people. (from 1990s)
Image 62Slap bracelet worn by young girls in the early 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 63Blink-182 performing in 1995, whose 1999 album Enema of The State became a pivotal moment for contemporary pop punk (from 1990s)
Image 64The logo created by The President's Council on the Year 2000 Conversion, for use on Y2K.gov (from 1990s)
Image 65The catsuit became a trend in the late 1990s. Normally made of latex, PVC, or spandex, it was often worn with high-heeled boots. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 66The 1999 İzmit earthquake, which occurred in northwestern Turkey, killed 17,217 and injured 43,959. (from 1990s)
Image 67A man wearing a power suit, popular in the European workplace. The suit jacket is double-breasted with large shoulder pads. Photograph taken in 1998. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 68Woman wearing a polo shirt with a popped collar. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 69Bush and Gorbachev at the 1990 Helsinki summit. (from 1990s)
Image 70Game Boy Light (1998) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 71Swedish hip-hop fans watch Public Enemy perform in 1991. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 72Yitzhak Rabin (from 1990s)
Image 73Acid washed jean shorts with grunge and hippie inspired DIY slogans and pictures. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 74Women's rights demonstration in Paris, November 1995 (from 1990s)
Image 75Galaxian3: Project Dragoon (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 76Woman dressed in black maxi skirt, top and hat, 1995. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 77A pair of Eurostar trains at the former Waterloo International since moved to St Pancras International (from 1990s)
Image 78Dreamcast (1998) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 79Pavement (from 1990s in music)
Image 80Group of high school students, 1997. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 81Young man in 1995, sporting a short undercut hairstyle. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 82Red and cream Indian woman's saree, late 1990s (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 83Chokers, popular in the mid- and late-1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 84The crash site of El Al Flight 1862 in 1992. (from 1990s)
Image 85Swedish teenager with mullet haircut and abstract jumper, 1991. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 86Nelson Mandela voting in 1994, after thirty years of imprisonment. (from 1990s)
Image 87Sasha using Ableton Live at a nightclub. (from 1990s in music)
Image 88Hurricane Georges downed trees in Key West along the old houseboat row on South Roosevelt Blvd. (from 1990s)
Image 89Black Barbour bucket hat. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 90Actress Paula Abdul wearing semi-transparent black dress, curled hair and smoky eye makeup, 1990. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 91Long maxi skirt in a Liberty floral print. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 92Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, United States President Bill Clinton, and Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Chairman Yasser Arafat during the signing of the Oslo Accords on 13 September 1993. (from 1990s)
Image 93Church members exhibiting assorted fashion trends. Amman, 1998. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 94The Nasdaq Composite displaying the dot-com bubble, which ballooned between 1997 and 2000. The bubble peaked on Friday, 10 March 2000. (from 1990s)
Image 95Natalie Imbruglia, 2015 (from 1990s in music)
Image 96Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton share a laugh in October 1995. (from 1990s)
Image 97Cargo pants. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 98Example of late 1990s gothic fashion. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 99Go-go boots became fashionable again in 1995. They were worn by women of the hip-hop, alternative, and dance subcultures. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 100Example of 1990s men's and women's fashion, 1994 (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 101Bob cuts were favored by women. (Saffron, 1996) (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 102Press conference at the Council of the EU for the launching of the Euro in 1998 (from 1990s)
Image 103Actress Liv Tyler sporting a pixie cut, 1998 (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 104Model wearing a midriff shirt, a silver necklace, low ponytail and straight-leg leggings, 1999. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 105Game.com (1997) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 106Rajiv Gandhi (from 1990s)
Image 107Lois McMaster Bujold with pixie cut and denim western shirt, 1996. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 108Sega Saturn (1994) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 109Executive council building burns in Sarajevo after being hit by Bosnian Serb artillery in the Bosnian War. (from 1990s)
Image 110Alanis Morissette (from 1990s in music)
Image 111Slip dresses first became widely worn in the mid-1990s, as part of the underwear-as-outerwear trend. (Jane Leeves, 1995) (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 112Thalía rose to fame as a member of the musical group Timbiriche. (from 1990s in music)
Image 113Two women wearing bandanas, 1999. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 114The federal building that was bombed in the Oklahoma City bombing two days after the bombing, viewed from across the adjacent parking lot. (from 1990s)
Image 115D'Angelo is considered a key pioneer of the neo-soul movement. (from 1990s in music)
Image 116Dave Navarro and Perry Farrell of Jane's Addiction in 2009. The success of Jane's Addiction helped launch the popularity of alternative rock and alternative metal in the United States. The unexpected success of Ritual de lo Habitual (1990) for Warner Records led to a signing frenzy in which major labels were "mass signing" alternative acts, including Geffen Records' signing of Nirvana in 1991. (from 1990s in music)
Image 117Michael Jordan, the most popular NBA player of the 1990s. (from 1990s)
Image 118Miniature model from MS Estonia (from 1990s)
Image 119Woman wearing a crop top and bell-bottoms, 1997. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 120Baseball jackets were popular among hip-hop fans in the mid-1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 121The highest-grossing film of the decade was James Cameron's Titanic (1997), which remains one of the highest-grossing films of all time. (from 1990s)
Image 122Dance Dance Revolution (1998) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 123Mobile phones gained massive popularity worldwide during the decade. (from 1990s)
Image 124In 1994, Lisa Loeb became the first artist to score a No. 1 hit with "Stay (I Missed You)" before signing to any record label. (from 1990s in music)
Image 125Jonathan Brandis in a Grunge-style flannel shirt and curtained hair in 1993 (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 126African-American teenager with Hitop fade, popular in the early 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 127Hubble Space Telescope. (from 1990s)
Image 128Thrustmaster T2 (1996) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 129Trio in 1995 wearing neutral-colored tops and relaxed-fit, slim-leg pants and jeans. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 130Timo Jutila with Ice Hockey World Championship trophy in 1995 (from 1990s)
Image 131Oasis were the biggest band of the 1990s Britpop scene and the only band to make a significant impact in the US market. (from 1990s in music)
Image 132Street Fighter II (arcade, 1991) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 133Grunge band Nirvana in 1992 (from 1990s in music)

1990s films -

These are Good articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards.

Image 1
Fantasia 2000 is a 1999 American animated musical anthology film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation. It is the sequel to Fantasia (1940), and like its predecessor, the film consists of animated segments set to pieces of classical music. Segments are introduced by Steve Martin, Itzhak Perlman, Quincy Jones, Bette Midler, James Earl Jones, Penn & Teller, James Levine, and Angela Lansbury in live action scenes directed by Don Hahn, while the animated sequences are directed by Pixote Hunt, Hendel Butoy, Eric Goldberg, James Algar, Francis Glebas and Paul and Gaëtan Brizzi.

After numerous unsuccessful attempts to develop a Fantasia sequel, The Walt Disney Company revived the idea shortly after Michael Eisner became chief executive officer in 1984. Development paused until the commercial success of the 1991 home video release of Fantasia convinced Eisner that there was enough public interest and funds for a sequel, to which he assigned Disney as executive producer. The music for six of the film's eight segments is performed by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra conducted by James Levine. The film includes The Sorcerer's Apprentice from the 1940 original. Each new segment was produced by combining traditional animation with computer-generated imagery. Fantasia 2000 is part of the Disney Renaissance, and also commemorates Walt Disney's third animated feature film. (Full article...)
Image 2
Edward Scissorhands is a 1990 American Gothic romantic fantasy film directed by Tim Burton. It was produced by Burton and Denise Di Novi, written by Caroline Thompson from a story by her and Burton, and starring Johnny Depp as the title character, along with Winona Ryder, Dianne Wiest, Anthony Michael Hall, Kathy Baker, Vincent Price, and Alan Arkin. It tells the story of an unfinished artificial humanoid who has scissor blades instead of hands, is taken in by a suburban family, and falls in love with their teenage daughter.

Burton conceived Edward Scissorhands from his childhood upbringing in suburban Burbank, California. During pre-production of Beetlejuice, Thompson was hired to adapt Burton's story into a screenplay, and the film began development at 20th Century Fox after Warner Bros. declined. Edward Scissorhands was then fast-tracked after Burton's critical and financial success with Batman. The film also marks the fourth collaboration between Burton and film score composer Danny Elfman, and was Vincent Price's last film role to be released in his lifetime. (Full article...)
Image 3
Deep Blue Sea is a 1999 science fiction horror film directed by Renny Harlin and written by Duncan Kennedy, Donna Powers, and Wayne Powers. It stars Thomas Jane, Saffron Burrows, Samuel L. Jackson, Michael Rapaport, and LL Cool J. The film follows a team of scientists in an isolated underwater facility who are researching the brains of mako sharks to help fight Alzheimer's, only for the sharks to go on a rampage after two of the scientists genetically enhance their intelligence in secret.

An international co-production between the United States and Mexico, Deep Blue Sea represented a test for Harlin, who had not made a commercially successful film since Cliffhanger (1993). The film was primarily shot at Fox Baja Studios in Rosarito, where the production team constructed sets above the large water tanks that had been built for James Cameron's Titanic (1997). Although the film features some shots of real sharks, most of the sharks used in the film were either animatronic or computer-generated. Trevor Rabin composed the score, while co-star LL Cool J contributed the songs "Deepest Bluest (Shark's Fin)" and "Say What" to the soundtrack. (Full article...)
Image 4
Ed Wood is a 1994 American biographical comedy-drama film directed and produced by Tim Burton and starring Johnny Depp as the eponymous cult filmmaker. The film concerns the period in Wood's life when he made his best-known films as well as his relationship with actor Bela Lugosi, played by Martin Landau. Sarah Jessica Parker, Patricia Arquette, Jeffrey Jones, Lisa Marie, and Bill Murray are among the supporting cast.

The film was conceived by writers Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski. Alexander first proposed it as a documentary, when he was a student at the USC School of Cinematic Arts. Years later, irritated at being thought of solely as writers for family films with their work on Problem Child (1990) and its 1991 sequel, Alexander and Karaszewski struck a deal with Burton and Denise Di Novi to produce Ed Wood. Initially, Michael Lehmann was chosen to direct the project, but due to scheduling conflicts with his work on the film Airheads (1994), he had to vacate the director's position which was taken over by Tim Burton. (Full article...)
Image 5
A Goofy Movie is a 1995 American animated musical road comedy film produced by Walt Disney Television Animation. Directed by Kevin Lima, it is based on The Disney Afternoon television series Goof Troop (1992) created by Robert Taylor and Michael Peraza, and serves as a standalone spin-off to the show. Taking place three years after the events of Goof Troop, it follows Goofy and his now teenage son, Max, as they embark on a misguided father-son fishing trip across the United States.

Former Walt Disney Company chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg suggested a storyline inspired by a planned car trip with his daughter to Goofy Troop's story supervisor Jymn Magon. Expanding Goofy as a character that would resonate with audiences, the film features the voices of Bill Farmer, Jim Cummings, and Rob Paulsen reprising their roles from the series as Goofy, Pete, and P.J., respectively, while Jason Marsden replaces Dana Hill as Max, alongside Kellie Martin, Wallace Shawn, and Pauly Shore as new characters. The rhythm and blues singer Tevin Campbell provides the vocals for Powerline, a fictional pop star who prominently appears in the film, performing the songs "Stand Out" and "I 2 I". Production lasted for two and a half years. (Full article...)
Image 6
Padayappa is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by K. S. Ravikumar. It stars Sivaji Ganesan in his penultimate release and Rajinikanth in the titular lead. Ramya Krishnan, Soundarya and Pritha Hari share other lead roles, while Lakshmi, Radha Ravi, Nassar, Abbas and Sithara play supporting roles. The soundtrack album and background score were composed by A. R. Rahman. The film revolves around the title character and his family being targeted in a generations-long revenge by his cousin Neelambari, a narcissistic woman who was left humiliated after Padayappa rejected her love proposal as he was in love with her good-natured home worker Vasundhara.

Principal photography for the film began in October 1998. Padayappa was released on 10 April 1999 on the eve of Tamil New Year's Day. This was the first Tamil film to be released worldwide with 210 prints and 700,000 audio cassettes. It became Tamil cinema's highest-grossing film at that point. Ramya Krishnan's performance was praised, winning her a Filmfare Award under the Best Actress category. The film also won five Tamil Nadu State Film Awards. (Full article...)
Image 7
Carnosaur is a 1993 American science fiction horror film written and directed by Adam Simon. The film stars Diane Ladd, Raphael Sbarge, Jennifer Runyon, and Harrison Page. Loosely based on the 1984 John Brosnan novel of the same name, it follows characters Doc Smith and Ann Thrush in their efforts to thwart Dr. Jane Tiptree's plan to exterminate the human race with a lethal virus and replace them with her own genetically created dinosaurs.

Executive producer Roger Corman acquired the rights to Brosnan's novel in 1991 and the project began filming a year later, after Corman learned that another dinosaur film, Jurassic Park, was entering production. Simon reworked most of the plot elements of the novel. Afforded an $850,000 budget, the special effects were completed with models and animatronics largely designed by John Carl Buechler. (Full article...)
Image 8
The Frighteners is a 1996 supernatural comedy horror film directed by Peter Jackson and co-written with Fran Walsh. The film stars Michael J. Fox, Trini Alvarado, Peter Dobson, John Astin, Dee Wallace Stone, Jeffrey Combs, R. Lee Ermey and Jake Busey. The Frighteners tells the story of Frank Bannister (Fox), an architect who develops psychic abilities allowing him to see, hear, and communicate with ghosts after his wife's murder. He initially uses his new abilities to befriend ghosts, whom he sends to haunt people so that he can charge them handsome fees for "exorcising" the ghosts. However, the spirit of a mass murderer appears posing as the Grim Reaper, able to attack the living and the dead, prompting Frank to investigate the supernatural presence.

Jackson and Walsh conceived the idea for The Frighteners during the script-writing phase of Heavenly Creatures. Executive producer Robert Zemeckis hired the duo to write the script, with the original intention of Zemeckis directing The Frighteners as a spin-off film of the television series Tales from the Crypt. With Jackson and Walsh's first draft submitted in January 1994, Zemeckis believed the film would be better off directed by Jackson, produced by Zemeckis and funded/distributed by Universal Studios. The visual effects were created by Jackson's Weta Digital, which had only been in existence for three years. This, plus the fact that The Frighteners required more digital effects shots than almost any movie made until that time, resulted in the eighteen-month period for effects work by Weta Digital being largely stressed. (Full article...)
Image 9
Veera (transl. Valour) is a 1994 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film directed by Suresh Krissna and written by Panchu Arunachalam. It is a remake of the Telugu film Allari Mogudu (1992) and stars Rajinikanth, Meena and Roja with Janagaraj, Senthil, Vadivukkarasi, J. Livingston, Mahesh Anand, Vinu Chakravarthy, Ajay Rathnam, Vivek and Charuhasan in supporting roles. The film is about a man who marries twice because of circumstances beyond his control and is forced to live a double life to cover his tracks.

Krissna initially refused to remake Allari Mogudu because he disliked it but agreed after Rajinikanth told him their next film after Annaamalai (1992) should be different to avoid comparisons. The screenplay of Veera was written to be substantially different from the original; it was tailored to Rajinikanth's style and had logic added to the scenario. Arunachalam, who made script changes, received sole screenwriting credit. The film was produced by Arunachalam's wife Meena, photographed by P. S. Prakash and edited by Ganesh–Kumar. (Full article...)
Image 10
The Chase is a 1994 American action comedy film written and directed by Adam Rifkin and starring Charlie Sheen and Kristy Swanson. Set in California, the film follows a wrongfully convicted man who kidnaps a wealthy heiress and leads police on a lengthy car chase in an attempt to escape prison, while the news media dramatize the chase to absurd extents. It features Henry Rollins, Josh Mostel, and Ray Wise in supporting roles, with cameo appearances by Anthony Kiedis and Flea of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers.

The Chase was conceived as a direct response to Rifkin's 1991 comedy The Dark Backward, which performed extremely poorly at the box office. The film was shot in Houston, Texas and its soundtrack features alternative artists such as Bad Religion, NOFX, and Rollins Band. Although the film received mixed reviews from critics, it was considered a commercial success. Journalists generally criticized its forced script and subpar characters, but praised the film's use of satire to criticize the television news industry. According to Rollins, the film has attracted a cult following. (Full article...)
Image 11
A Bug's Life (stylized in all lowercase) is a 1998 American animated comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It was directed by John Lasseter, written by Andrew Stanton, Donald McEnery, and Bob Shaw, from a story conceived by Lasseter, Stanton, and Joe Ranft, and stars the voices of Dave Foley, Kevin Spacey, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, and Hayden Panettiere. In the film, a misfit anthropomorphic ant named Flik looks for "tough warriors" to save his ant colony from a protection racket run by a gang of grasshoppers. However, the "warriors" he brings back are a troupe of Circus Bugs. The film's plot was initially inspired by Aesop's fable The Ant and the Grasshopper.

Production on A Bug's Life began shortly after the release of Toy Story in 1995. The ants in the film were redesigned to be more appealing, and Pixar's animation unit employed technical innovations in computer animation. Randy Newman composed the music for the film. During production, a controversial public feud erupted between Steve Jobs and Lasseter of Pixar and DreamWorks co-founder Jeffrey Katzenberg due to the parallel production of his similar film Antz, which was released the month prior. (Full article...)
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Jurassic Park is a 1993 American science fiction adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Michael Crichton and David Koepp, based on Crichton's 1990 novel. Starring Sam Neill, Laura Dern, Jeff Goldblum, Richard Attenborough, Bob Peck, Martin Ferrero, BD Wong, Samuel L. Jackson, Wayne Knight, Joseph Mazzello, and Ariana Richards, the film is set on the fictional island of Isla Nublar near Costa Rica, where wealthy businessman John Hammond (Attenborough) and a team of genetic scientists have created a wildlife park of de-extinct dinosaurs. When industrial sabotage leads to a catastrophic shutdown of the park's power facilities and security precautions, a small group of visitors struggle to survive and escape the now perilous island.

Before Crichton's novel was published, four studios put in bids for its film rights. With the backing of Universal Pictures, Spielberg acquired the rights for $1.5 million. Crichton was hired for an additional $500,000 to adapt the novel for the screen. Koepp wrote the final draft, which left out much of the novel's exposition and violence, and featured numerous changes to the characters. Filming took place in California and Hawaii from August to November 1992. Post-production lasted until May 1993, supervised by Spielberg in Poland as he filmed Schindler's List. The dinosaurs were created with groundbreaking computer-generated imagery by Industrial Light & Magic, and with life-sized animatronic dinosaurs built by Stan Winston's team. To showcase the film's sound design, which included a mixture of various animal noises for the dinosaur sounds, Spielberg invested in the creation of DTS, a company specializing in digital surround sound formats. The film was backed by an extensive $65 million marketing campaign, which included licensing deals with over 100 companies. (Full article...)
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Parasite Eve (Japanese: パラサイト・イヴ, Hepburn: Parasaito Ivu) is a 1997 Japanese science fiction film that was directed by Masayuki Ochiai and is based on the 1995 novel Parasite Eve by Hideaki Sena. Kiyomi (Riona Hazuki), the wife of Toshiaki Nagashima (Hiroshi Mikami), is left brain dead after a traffic accident on the day of their first wedding anniversary. Nagashima attempts to make Kiyomi live again by making a deal with a doctor who wants to harvest Kiyomi's kidneys for transplanting into a young girl in the same hospital. Nagashima agrees on the condition that he can have his wife's liver. While Nagashima experiments with the organ, the doctor finds one night the samples have emerged as a gelatinous form in the form of Toshiaki's dead wife and reveal themselves as an organization of sentient mitochondria that are bent on making a new species that will wipe out humanity.

In 1997, Kadokawa Shoten decided to use the film production side of its business to develop a film version of Parasite Eve, making it its first film in three years. The film was co-produced by Kadokawa and Fuji TV's Motion Picture Division. Ochiai made his debut as a feature film director, having worked in Japanese television on horror series such as Night Head. Parasite Eve was filmed in eight weeks with a budget of ¥550 million. Ochiai was not entirely pleased with the result of the film, feeling he was pressured to push the love story element of the story, later saying there were "so many compromises I had to make that it couldn't be a true horror movie". The film was released in Japan on February 1, 1997, with limited release outside the country. It received mixed reviews; The Daily Yomiuri found the film "mildly enjoyable at times" and Fangoria called it "flawed but fascinating". (Full article...)
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Toy Story 2 is a 1999 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the second installment in Pixar's Toy Story franchise and the sequel to the original 1995 film. The film was directed by John Lasseter from a screenplay by Andrew Stanton, Rita Hsiao, Doug Chamberlin, and Chris Webb. Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Don Rickles, Jim Varney, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Annie Potts, R. Lee Ermey, John Morris, Laurie Metcalf and Jeff Pidgeon reprise their roles from the first Toy Story film, with newcomers Joan Cusack, Kelsey Grammer, Wayne Knight, Estelle Harris, and Jodi Benson joining the cast. In the film, Woody is stolen by a greedy toy collector, prompting Buzz Lightyear and his friends to save him, but Woody is then tempted by the idea of immortality in a museum.

Disney initially envisioned Toy Story 2 as a direct-to-video sequel. The film began production in a building separated from Pixar, on a small scale, as most of the main Pixar staff were busy working on A Bug's Life (1998). When story reels proved promising, Disney upgraded the film to a theatrical release, but Pixar was unhappy with the film's quality. Lasseter and the story team redeveloped the entire plot in one weekend. Although most Pixar features take years to develop, the established release date could not be moved and the production schedule for Toy Story 2 was compressed into nine months. (Full article...)
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Toy Story is a 1995 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. The first entirely computer-animated feature film, as well as the first feature film from Pixar, it was directed by John Lasseter and written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen, and Alec Sokolow. The film features the voices of Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Annie Potts, John Ratzenberger, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, and Jim Varney. Taking place in a world where toys come to life when humans are not present, Toy Story follows an old-fashioned pullstring cowboy doll named Woody (Hanks), and a modern space cadet action figure, Buzz Lightyear (Allen), as Woody develops jealousy towards Buzz when he becomes their owner Andy's favorite toy.

Following the success of the 1988 short film Tin Toy, Pixar was approached by Disney to produce a computer-animated feature film that was told from a small toy's perspective. Lasseter, Stanton, and Docter wrote early story treatments, which were rejected by Disney, who wanted the film's tone to be "edgier". After several disastrous story reels, production was halted and the script was rewritten to better reflect the tone and theme Pixar desired: "toys deeply want children to play with them, and ... this desire drives their hopes, fears, and actions". The studio, then consisting of a relatively small number of employees, produced Toy Story under minor financial constraints. (Full article...)

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