Opuntia echios

Familia: Cactaceae
Subfamilia: Opuntioideae
Tribus: Opuntieae
Genus: Opuntia
Series: Opuntia ser. Armatae
Species: Opuntia echios
Varietas: O. e. var. barringtonensis – O. e. var. echios – O. e. var. gigantea – O. e. var. inermis – O. e. var. zacana

• Opuntia echios J.T.Howell, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 21: 49. (1933) nom. superfl.
  

Note: Accepted by CACO (2025), but not by POWO (2025), as Opuntia echios is considered a synonym of Opuntia galapageia var. myriacantha, whose basionym has priority under ICN Art 11 if these taxa are in synonymy

• Howell, J.T. (1933) Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 21: 49.

• Korotkova, N., Aquino, D., Arias, S., Eggli, U., Franck, A. , Gómez-Hinostrosa, C., Guerrero, P.C., Hernández, H.M., Kohlbecker, A., Köhler, M., Luther, K., Majure, L.C., Müller, A., Metzing, D., Nyffeler, R., Sánchez, D., Schlumpberger, B. & Berendsohn, W.G. 2021. Cactaceae at Caryophyllales. org–a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family. Willdenowia 51(2): 251–270. DOI: 10.3372/wi.51.51208 Reference page. 

• Korotkova, N. et al. 2022. Opuntia echios in Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org. A global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 04. Reference page. 
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Opuntia echios in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 04. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2022. Opuntia echios. Published online. Accessed: Jan 04 2022. Reference page.
• Tropicos.org 2022. Opuntia echios. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 04 Jan 2022. Reference page.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Opuntia echios in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2022 Jan 04. Reference page. 

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