Ficaria verna subsp. ficariiformis

(Rouy & Foucaud) B. Walln.

RanunculaceaeLeavesPotential hazards — see below
Caution — Parts of this plant may be toxic or require specific preparation. Verify with multiple sources before consuming.
Ficaria verna subsp. ficariiformis
iNaturalist · cc-by
(c) Bernard Picton, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Bernard Picton
Ficaria verna subsp. ficariiformis
iNaturalist · cc-by-nc
(c) katie1776, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)
Ficaria verna subsp. ficariiformis
iNaturalist · cc-by-nc
(c) beckyfrazier, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)

What to Eat

Edible parts: Leaves

The leaves are traditionally added to pastry.

Known Hazards

All plants of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae) contain a compound known as protoanemonin. When the plant is wounded, the unstable glucoside ranunculin turns into the toxin protoanemonin. Contact with damaged or crushed Ficaria leaves can cause itching, rashes or blistering on the skin or mucosa. Ingesting the toxin can cause nausea, vomiting, dizziness, spasms, or paralysis. In one case, a patient experienced acute hepatitis and jaundice when taking untreated lesser celandine extracts internally as an herbal remedy for hemorrhoids.

Where to Find It

It is a temperate plant.

Europe, Turkey, Türkiye,

Countries: Andorra, Albania, Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Belgium, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Monaco, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Russia, Sweden, Slovenia, Slovakia, San Marino, Turkey, Ukraine

How to Identify

A temperate herbaceous plant in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae) with edible leaves.

Wikipedia

Source ↗

Ficaria verna (formerly Ranunculus ficaria L.), commonly known as lesser celandine or pilewort, is a low-growing, hairless perennial flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. It has fleshy dark green, heart-shaped leaves and distinctive flowers with bright yellow, glossy petals. Native to Europe and Western Asia, it is now introduced in North America, where it is known by the common name fig buttercup and considered an invasive species. The plant is poisonous if ingested raw and potentially fatal to grazing animals and livestock, such as horses, cattle, and sheep. For these reasons, several US states have banned the plant or listed it as a noxious weed. It prefers bare, damp ground and is considered by horticulturalists in the United Kingdom as a persistent garden weed; nevertheless, many specialist plantsmen, nursery owners and discerning gardeners in the UK and Europe collect selected cultivars of the plant, including bronze-leaved and double-flowered ones. Emerging in late winter with flowers appearing late February through May in the UK, its appearance across the landscape is regarded by many as a harbinger of spring.

Names & Synonyms
Ficaria ficariiformis (F. W. Schultz) A. W. HillRanunculus ficariiformis F. W. Schultzand others
References (1)
  • Hancer, C. K., et al, 2020, Traditional Knowledge of Wild Edible Plants of Biga (Çanakkale), Turkey. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae / 2020 / Volume 89 / Issue 1 / Article 8914

More from Ranunculaceae