Pouteria venosa subsp. amazonica

What to Eat

Edible parts: Fruit

Many species, such as Pouteria sapota, have edible fruits and are important foods, seasonally. Some are being commercially collected and sold on local markets or packed in cans. Pouteria species yield hard, heavy, resilient woods used as firewood and timber, but particularly in outdoor and naval construction, such as dock pilings, deckings, etc. Some species, such as abiu (P. caimito), are considered to be shipworm resistant, but this depends on the silica content, which may vary from 0.0-0.9%. The weight by volume (at 12% moisture content) of Pouteria wood can be in excess of 1140 kg/m3 (71 lb/ft3; thus, the wood sinks in water. The wood of Pouteria species is prone to considerable movement and warping when it dries out, but in its main use, naval construction, this is not a problem, since the wood never gets really dry. The vessel elements are relatively small and usually di- to quadriseriate; the medullary rays are fine and close together. Pouteria woods are capable of attaining an excellent polish using fine-grained sandpaper and possibly some wax. They can sometimes show an attractive figure of dark stripes against a sandy to mid-brown background colour. However, the wood is hardly used for furniture because it is so dense that items made from it would be difficult to transport. Moreover, it is nearly impossible to work using hand tools. Even using power tools, working these woods presents some problems, as well, but given some patience and practical knowledge, these can easily be solved. For the silica to be effective against shipworms, it needs to dry to some degree to harden. When the wood is continually waterlogged, this process may take place very slowly or not at all, leaving the wood vulnerable. Pouteria foliage is used as food by some Lepidoptera caterpillars, including those of the dalcerid moth Dalcera abrasa, which has been recorded on P. ramiflora. The fruits are important food for various animals, such as the rock-haunting ringtail possum (Petropseudes dahli). Due to habitat loss and in some cases overexploitation, many species of Pouteria are threatened. At least 10 are close to extinction.

Where to Find It

A tropical plant. It grows in the Amazon and on the southern coast of Brazil.

Amazon, Brazil*, French Guiana, Guianas, Guyana, Peru, South America, Suriname, Venezuela,

How to Identify

A tree. It grows 12-24 m high. The crown is round and dense. The trunk is 30-60 cm high. The bark is wrinkled and cracked. The leaves are towards the ends of the branches. The leaves are 7-21 cm long by 3-8 cm wide. They have 8-14 pairs of secondary veins. The leaf stalk is 1-3 cm long and has a groove along it. The flowers are in the axils of leaves that have fallen. There are 1-6 bisexual flowers. The fruit is a berry 4-8 cm across. There are 1-3 seeds.

How to Grow

Plants can be grown from seed. The ripe fruit are harvested and the seed removed. Fresh seed are planted. They germinate in 40-60 days.

Production

Plants grow quickly.

Other Information

They are not very popular.

Notes

There are about 150-320 Pouteria species. They grow in the tropics.

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