Cornus occidentalis
Coville.
Western Dogwood
Washington State University Marion Ownbey Herbarium (WS-)
Washington State University Marion Ownbey Herbarium (WS-)
Washington State University Marion Ownbey Herbarium (WS-)
What to Eat
Edible parts: Fruit
Fruit - raw or cooked. They were often eaten by native North Americans, but they are bitter and acid.
Where to Find It
Western N. America.
NORTHERN AMERICA: United States (Alaska, Idaho, Montana (west), Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada), Canada (British Columbia)
How to Identify
Cornus occidentalis is a deciduous Shrub growing to 6 m (19ft 8in). See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 6. It is in flower from May to June. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.
How to Grow
An easily grown plant, it succeeds in any soil of good or moderate fertility, ranging from acid to shallow chalk. Grows well in heavy clay soils. Succeeds in poorly drained soils. Succeeds in full sun or light shade. Allied to C. stolonifera and considered to be part of that species by some botanists. Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus.
Propagation: Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in a cold frame or in an outdoors seedbed if there is sufficient seed. The seed must be separated from the fruit flesh since this contains germination inhibitors. Stored seed should be cold stratified for 3 - 4 months and sown as early as possible in the year. Scarification may also help as may a period of warm stratification before the cold stratification. Germination, especially of stored seed, can be very slow, taking 18 months or more. Prick out the seedlings of cold-frame sown seeds into individual pots as soon as they are large enough to handle and grow the plants on for their first winter in a greenhouse, planting out in the spring after the last expected frosts. Cuttings of half-ripe side shoots, July/August in a frame. Cuttings of mature wood of the current year's growth, taken with a heel if possible, autumn in a cold frame. High percentage. Layering of new growth in June/July. Takes 9 months.
Medicinal Uses
Ophthalmic. The bitter-tasting bark is astringent, ophthalmic and tonic. An infusion has been used as a wash for sore eyes.
