Passiflora edulis
Sims
Purple passionfruit
(c) Suhurab Mohamed, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Suhurab Mohamed
(c) Sascha Schumann, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Sascha Schumann
(c) Diego Manzano Méndez, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Diego Manzano Méndez
What to Eat
Edible parts: Fruit, Seeds - oil, Leaves
The fruit can be eaten raw or cooked and has an agreeable, cooling taste similar to orange with a pleasant acidity. Ripe fruits are typically left to wrinkle on the vine to develop their full sweetness, then eaten fresh, juiced, made into syrup, or used in sauces and baked goods. Each fruit is about 5cm in diameter. An edible oil can also be pressed from the seeds. The plant is grown commercially in Australia and New Zealand.
Where to Find It
A subtropical plant. They are cultivated up to 2000 m altitude in the tropics. The purple variety grows in the highlands up to 3000 m. It can stand very light frosts. The yellow one grows in the lowlands. Its normal range is 700 to 2300 m. Often fruit set is poor in wet conditions. Wind breaks are important. Vines can tolerate very light frosts. If frosts are likely wrapping the stems near ground level with insulation paper can help protect the plant. Heavy rain at flowering can reduce fruit set through poor pollination. Soils should be fertile, moist and well drained. Plants cannot tolerate water-logging. A pH in the range 5.5-6.5 is best. In Nepal they grow between 1200-1700 m altitude. It grows satisfactorily between 20-30°C. It suits hardiness zones 8-11. In Yunnan.
Africa, Andes, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Antilles, Argentina, Asia, Australia, Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil*, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Caribbean, Central Africa, Central America, China, Colombia, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Ecuador, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Europe, Fiji, FSM, Gabon, Ghana, Guam, Guatemala, Guiana, Guianas, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Himalayas, Honduras, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Laos, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mediterranean, Mexico, Middle East, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niger, Niue, Norfolk Island, North America, Northeastern India, Pacific, Panama, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Paraguay*, Peru, Philippines, Pohnpei, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Sahel, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, SE Asia, Sikkim, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Southern Africa, South America, Sri Lanka, St Helena, Suriname, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uganda, Uruguay, USA, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, West Africa, West Indies, Zambia, Zimbabwe,
How to Identify
A vine which continues to grow for several years. The main vine becomes woody. Vines can be 6-7 m long. It climbs by tendrils. The leaves are shaped like the fingers on a hand with three lobes. They are 5-10 cm long. The vine can set flowers at each leaf. The flowers are white and often tinted purple. They are 5 cm across. The fruit are oblong and thickly dotted with purple when ripe. The skin is hard and they have a sweet smell. The flesh is orange. The seed occupy most of the inside with a small amount of flesh. The flesh is edible. The seeds are black. The flowers open in the morning. There are many named cultivated varieties.
Nutrition Score: 44/100
| Part | Moisture | kJ | kcal | Protein | Vit A | Vit C | Iron | Zinc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fruit | 73.3 | 280 | 67 | 2.8 | 10 | 20 | 1.3 | 0.1 |
How to Grow
Plants are grown by seeds or cuttings. Seeds germinate in 15-45 days. Seedlings can be grafted. When the end shoots of the mother plant are the same thickness as the seedling stem, shoot tips 8 cm long can be used. The leaves should be removed from the cutting being used in the graft. An even light and high humidity allows these grafted plants to be ready in a few weeks. Plants are put in a hole 30 cm deep and which has had organic matter added. A spacing of 3-4 m apart is suitable. Plants need a trellis to climb over. Often a trellis 2 m high is used. Normally the side shoots are picked off until the vine reaches the trellis height. Then the tip is picked out to promote branching. Normally later pruning is not done. Putting mulch around the plant helps retain moisture and adds nutrients as well as controlling weeds. Hand pollination can improve fruit set. The fruit turns purple, wrinkles then drops off when ripe. Balanced fertiliser to promote healthy growth is important. Deficiencies of magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and boron can occur in some places. Pruning is important to keep vines vigorous.
Propagation: Pre-soak seed for 12 hours in warm water, then sow in late winter or early spring in a warm greenhouse. Seed sown in January and grown on quickly can flower and fruit within its first year. Germination takes 1–12 months at 20°C. Prick seedlings out into individual pots once large enough to handle. Plants intended for outdoor growing are best overwintered in the greenhouse during their first year, then planted out in late spring or early summer after the last expected frosts. Mulch roots well in late autumn for cold protection. Take cuttings of young shoots (15cm with a heel) in spring, or use leaf bud cuttings in spring. Cuttings of fully mature wood taken in early summer take about 3 months and have a high success rate.
Medicinal Uses
The fruit pulp is considered stimulant and tonic.
Other Uses
This vigorous climber makes an effective screen when grown over a fence or trellis.
Wikipedia
Source ↗Passiflora edulis, commonly known as passion fruit, is a vine species of passion flower. The fruit is a pepo, a type of botanical berry, round to oval, either yellow or dark purple at maturity, with a soft to firm, juicy interior filled with numerous seeds. The plant is native to the region of southern Brazil through Paraguay to northern Argentina. It is cultivated commercially in tropical and subtropical areas for its sweet, seedy fruit. This is both eaten and juiced, with the juice often added to other fruit juices to enhance aroma.
Production
Plants produce after about 12-18 months and keep producing well for 4 or 5 years. Good production is related to keeping the vine growing well by avoiding low temperatures and lack of water. Plants are pollinated by insects, so it is important to not kill these with insecticides. They can also self pollinate. Fruit mature between 60 and 100 days from pollination.
Other Information
It is a commonly cultivated food plant. Plants are common in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. The fruit are eaten but are not popular.
Notes
There are about 400 Passiflora species. It can become a self sown plant in cool moist areas. Fruit are high in folates 136μg/100.
Names & Synonyms
Aul aanp, Bai xiang guo, Bechawan, Begele, Bejabe, Buah negeri, Buah susu, Butunda, Chumbao trung, Farendal, Gandum-pat, Garandel, Garendal, Giranadela, Granadiglia, Granadilho, Grenadille, Gwate, Ji dan guo, Jumhoorimeyvaa, Koko, Kudamonotokeiso, Latabel, Liliko'i, Linmangkon, Louki, Mabosoboso, Magalendendele, Mak nod, Manthei, Maracuja-roxo, Maracuya, Maraflora, Markisa, Markoesa, Masaflora, Masaplora, Maseche, Matunda, Mkakaa, Mograndela, Mufurangandela, Munchi, Obutunda, Pasionaria, Pin-hme, Purpurgrenadille, Pwompwompw en wai, Qaranidila, Sapthei, Sawarot, Sita phal, Soh-brap, Tang, Thatput, Tikeiso
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