Passiflora quadrangularis
L.
Granadilla
(c) danielamjq, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)
(c) ogockman, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)
(c) ogockman, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)
What to Eat
Edible parts: Fruit, Seeds, Vegetable, Root
The fruit can be eaten raw, cooked, or made into drinks and is sweetly acid and very palatable. It is the largest fruit in the genus, growing up to 30cm long, and has a mild, melon-like flavour. The immature fruit is used as a vegetable — it can be steamed, boiled, or added to soups — and the thick rind is also cooked in various ways as a vegetable. The fruit is frequently used to make juices. The roots of old plants can be baked or roasted and eaten like yams, though the raw root is narcotic and poisonous and should not be consumed uncooked.
Known Hazards
Where to Find It
A tropical plant. It mainly occurs in the tropical lowlands but grows up to about 1000 m. It suits hot humid lowland areas in the tropics. Fruiting is often best between 200-500 m altitude. They can stand cool temperatures when mature. At 21-26°C seed germinate in 1-2 weeks but at lower temperatures seed can take 10 weeks. It suits hardiness zones 10-12. In XTBG Yunnan.
Africa, Amazon, Asia, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Bolivia*, Brazil*, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central Africa, Central America, China, Colombia*, Comoros, Congo DR, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, Fiji, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, Guiana, Guianas, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Marquesas, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niue, Northeastern India, Pacific, Palau, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Peru*, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Rotuma, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, SE Asia, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, South America*, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Uganda, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, West Africa, West Indies, West Papua, Zimbabwe,
How to Identify
A long creeping vine with square stems. It has fleshy tuberous roots. The vine can be from 5-15 m long. The vine has four wings. The tendrils are pale green and coiled in a spiral. The tendrils are not branched and can be 30 cm long. The leaf stalk is 3 sided and 5-8 cm long. The leafy structures (stipules) at the base of the leaf are sword shaped and 2-5 cm long by 1-2.5 cm wide. The leaves are also large (10-25 cm long and 8-17 cm wide) and green or purple. The flowers occur singly in the axils of the leaves and can be 10-12 cm across. Flowers are white and purple and have red dots on them. The fruit is greenish yellow 12-30 cm long by 10-18 cm wide and with black seeds amongst purple flesh. The aril or layer around the seed is white and edible. The seeds are 1 cm long.
Nutrition Score: 32/100
| Part | Moisture | kJ | kcal | Protein | Vit A | Vit C | Iron | Zinc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seed & aril | 78.4 | 339 | 81 | 1.9 | — | 15 | 2.9 | — |
| Fruit - flesh only | 94.4 | 170 | 41 | 0.7 | — | 15 | 0.8 | — |
How to Grow
Succeeds in the hot, wet, lowlands to moderate elevations in tropical to subtropical climates. Plants require a temperature no lower than around 16°c when they are flowering in order to ensure fruit set. They can be damaged if temperatures fall much below 10°c. Requires a humus-rich, moist but well-drained soil and a position in dappled shade where it can grow up towards the sun. Prefers a circumneutral soil, disliking very acid or very alkaline conditions. Passiflora species tend to flower and fruit more freely when grown in soils of only moderate fertility. Seedling plants can commence fruiting when only 1 - 2 years old, whilst cuttings have been known to fruit in their first year of growth. Plants can flower and fruit all year round. A self-sterile species. Plants are very tolerant of pruning and can be cut back to ground level if required to rejuvenate the plant. Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus. Flowering Time: Blooms repeatedly. Bloom Color: Red Violet/Lavender White/Near White. Spacing: 24-36 in. (60-90 cm).
Propagation: Seed is best sown as soon as it is ripe, together with the pulp, which helps break down the seed coat and speeds germination. Stored seed should be soaked for 24 hours in warm water; germination can be further accelerated by mixing the seed with the juice of a fresh passion fruit of any species. Even so, stored seed can take up to 12 months to germinate. Place the seed tray in a shady position at around 19–24°C. Prick seedlings out into individual containers as soon as they are large enough to handle and plant out when sufficiently established. Take cuttings of young shoots at the nodes — these root best in a neutral to slightly acid compost, though 100% sharp sand also gives good results. Cuttings of fully mature wood taken at a node can take about 3 months but generally achieve a high success rate. Layering is very easy; air layering is also suitable.
Medicinal Uses
The root is diuretic, emetic, narcotic, and vermifuge. It contains passiflorine, an anthelmintic that also causes lethargy. When powdered and mixed with oil, the root is applied externally as a soothing poultice. The leaves can be powdered and mixed with oil for the same external soothing use, and in this form are also used to treat liver complaints. The fruit is antiscorbutic and stomachic. The fruit rind is sedative and used in the treatment of headaches, asthma, diarrhoea, dysentery, neurasthenia, and insomnia.
Other Uses
None known.
Wikipedia
Source ↗Passiflora quadrangularis, the giant granadilla, barbadine (Trinidad), grenadine (Haiti), giant tumbo or badea (Spanish pronunciation: [baˈðe.a]), is a species of plant in the family Passifloraceae. It produces the largest fruit of any species within the genus Passiflora. It is a perennial climber native to the Neotropics.
Production
The vine is fast growing. A vine lasts for 5-6 years. Flowers are produced 9 months from planting. Fruit are ready to harvest 60-80 days from flowering. A vine can produce 16-50 fruit in a season.
Other Information
Reasonably common in lowland areas in Papua New Guinea. It is a cultivated food plant.
Notes
There are about 400 Passiflora species.
Names & Synonyms
Akar mentimun, Aka-wadi, Badea, Bandee tsururu chuwa, Barbadine, Barbajina, Belewa, Chum bao dua, Corvejo, Drap, Dua gang tay, Erbis, Gendola, Giant granadilla, Granadilla de fresco, Granadilla grande, Granadilla real, Jujo, Karora chi, Kasaflora, Manesa, Maracuya real, Markiza, Markoesa, Marquesa, Masaflula, Mentimun, Misriphal, Na wa kinto, Panthao milao, Parcha, Percha granadina, Qaranidila, Sao warot, Sapthailempa, Sukhontharot, Taeng kalaa, Tasiri, Telur dewa, Thaloi, Timun belanda, Timun hatan, Tambo, Tumbo, Tutbun
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