Annona macroprophyllata
Donn.Sm.
Ilama
(c) I likE plants!, some rights reserved (CC BY)
(c) Alänä Atl, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Alänä Atl
(c) Neptalí Ramírez Marcial, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Neptalí Ramírez Marcial
What to Eat
Edible parts: Fruit
Bioactive molecules extracted from the leaves have been reported to have alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activity.
Where to Find It
A tropical plant. It suits the tropical lowlands. It grows between sea level and 1800 m altitude in Central America. It does best on fertile volcanic soils. A rainfall of 1,000-1,400 is suitable. It suits hardiness zones 10-12. In Brisbane Botanical Gardens.
Asia, Australia, Central America*, China, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala*, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Mexico*, Nicaragua, North America, Pacific, Philippines, Puerto Rico, SE Asia, South America, USA, Venezuela, West Indies,
How to Identify
A small deciduous tree. It grows to 7-8 m tall. It has 2 kinds of leaf. One is the broadly oval smooth leaf with a leaf stalk. The others are like round bracts without a leaf stalk and these fall off. These grow at the base of the small branches. Under the leaves, fruit and branches has a powdery appearance. The flowers are maroon coloured and 2-3 cm across. There are 3 outer petals. These are 2-5 cm long. There are 3 small inner petals. The fruit are large and pink or white. They are 12 cm long. They have a thin skin. Fruit vary in colour and texture.
How to Grow
Plants are grown from seed. Seed have a long dormancy which is hard to break. Seed should be soaked in a solution of gibberellic acid, exposing them to the sun, putting them in hot water or storing for 2-3 months. They can also be grown by grafting.
Propagation: Seed - usually breeds true to type. Sow in individual pots, not deeper than 2cm, at 21c. Seeds, especially if stored, can develop secondary dormancy and then germinate poorly. The seed of many species in this genus has a hard seedcoat and may benefit from scarification before sowing in order to speed up germination. This can usually be done by pouring a small amount of nearly boiling water on the seeds (being careful not to cook them!) and then soaking them for 12 - 24 hours in warm water. By this time they should have imbibed moisture and swollen - if they have not, then carefully make a nick in the seedcoat (being careful not to damage the embryo) and soak for a further 12 hours before sowing. Semi-ripe cuttings.
Wikipedia
Source ↗Annona macroprophyllata is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Mexico. John Donnell Smith, the American botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its large leaves (Latinized forms of Greek μακρός, makrós and φύλλον, phúllon).
Production
The fruit splits if ripened on the tree but this split scars over with careful storage. Fruit are between 400-800 g. Fruit matures in 150 days.
Other Information
It is not a popular fruit.
Notes
There are about 100-150 Annona species.
Names & Synonyms
Anona blanca, Ilamatzapotl, Izlama, Papausa, Yi ye fan li zhi
References (32)
- References Annona diversifolia Saff.
- Bioversity New World Fruits Database (As Annona diversifolia)
- Bircher, A. G. & Bircher, W. H., 2000, Encyclopedia of Fruit Trees and Edible Flowering Plants in Egypt and the Subtropics. AUC Press. p 29 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Coronel, R.E., 1982, Fruit Collections in the Philippines. IBPGR Newsletter p 8 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Cruz, I. M., et al, 2015, Edible fruits and seeds in the State of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agricolas. Vol. 6. Num. 2 pp 331-346 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Darley, J.J., 1993, Know and Enjoy Tropical Fruit. P & S Publishers. p 2 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Etherington, K., & Imwold, D., (Eds), 2001, Botanica's Trees & Shrubs. The illustrated A-Z of over 8500 trees and shrubs. Random House, Australia. p 95 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Facciola, S., 1998, Cornucopia 2: a Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, p 12 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Garner, R.J., and Chaudhri, S.A., (Ed.) 1976, The Propagation of Tropical fruit Trees. FAO/CAB. p 223, 242 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Grandtner, M. M., 2008, World Dictionary of Trees. Wood and Forest Science Department. Laval University, Quebec, Qc Canada. (Internet database http://www.WDT.QC.ca) (As Annona diversifolia)
- GRIN (Annona macroprophyllata Donn. Sm.)
- Hermandez Bermejo, J.E., and Leon, J. (Eds.), 1994, Neglected Crops. 1492 from a different perspective. FAO Plant Production and Protection Series No 26. FAO, Rome. p14, 86 (As Annona diversifolia)
- International Seed Testing Association. 1988. International Seed Testing Association list of stabilized plant names. (As Annona diversifolia)
- John, L., & Stevenson, V., 1979, The Complete Book of Fruit. Angus & Robertson p 156 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Kiple, K.F. & Ornelas, K.C., (eds), 2000, The Cambridge World History of Food. CUP p 1789 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (As Annona diversifolia)
- Macmillan, H.F. (Revised Barlow, H.S., et al) 1991, Tropical Planting and Gardening. Sixth edition. Malayan Nature Society. Kuala Lumpur. p 291 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Martin, F. W., et al, 1987, Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics. USDA Handbook 642 p 16 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Morton, J. F., 1987, Fruits of Warm Climates. Wipf & Stock Publishers p 80 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Rivero, J. A., y Brunner, B. R., 2007, Arborels frutales exoticas y poco conocidos en Puerto Rico. Universidad de Puerto Rico. p 28 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Science 33:471. 1911 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Segura, S. et al, 2018, The edible fruit species in Mexico. Genet Resour Crop Evol (2018) 65:1767–1793 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Sharma, B.B., 2005, Growing fruits and vegetables. Publications Division. Ministry of Information and broadcasting. India. p 5 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Standley & Steyerm. 1946-1976. Flora of Guatemala. (As Annona diversifolia)
- Staples, G.W. and Herbst, D.R., 2005, A tropical Garden Flora. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. p 110 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Tankard, G., 1990, Tropical fruit. An Australian Guide to Growing and using exotic fruit. Viking p 108 (As Annona diversifolia)
- Terrell et al. 1986. Agric. Handb. no. 505. (As Annona diversifolia)
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Available: www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/econ.pl (10 April 2000) (As Annona diversifolia)
- Wiersema, J. H. & Leon, B., 2013, World Economic Plants. A Standard Reference CRC Press. 2nd Ed. p 56
- Wong, K. C., 1995, Collection and Evaluation of Under-Utilized Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Genetic Resources in Malaysia. JIRCAS International Symposium Series No. 3: 27-38 (As Annona diversifolia)
- World Checklist of Useful Plant Species 2020. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
- Yaacob, O. & S. Subhadrabandhu, 1995. The production of economic fruits in South-East Asia. Oxford Univ. Press. (As Annona diversifolia)
