Trader Llama

Trader Llama
Health points	15HP × 7.5 to 30HP × 15
Behavior	Neutral
Mob type	Animal
Attack; strength	Easy and Normal: 1HP; Hard: 1.5HP × 0.75
Hitbox size	Adult:; Height: 1.87 blocks; Width: 0.9 blocks; Baby:; Height: 0.935 blocks ; Width: 0.45 blocks
Speed	0.175
Spawn	See Wandering Trader
Usable items	Carpet; Chest plus contents; Lead; Shears; Wheat; Hay Bale; Golden Dandelion [upcoming First Drop 2026];

A trader llama is a llama variant that spawns in pairs leashed to wandering traders. It behaves similarly to a regular llama, but becomes hostile if the wandering trader is attacked, and will despawn when the trader does unless the lead is removed.

Spawning

Every wandering trader spawns with two leashed trader llamas.

Drops

Breeding

1–7XP upon successful breeding.

On death

Java Edition:

Item		Quantity / Chance / Average
Item		Default			Looting I			Looting II			Looting III
	Leather	0–2	66.67%	1.00	0–3	83.33%	1.50	0–4	91.67%	2.00	0–5	94.44%	2.50

Item		Quantity / Chance / Average
Item		Default			Looting I			Looting II			Looting III
	Leather	0–2	²⁄₃	1	0–3	⁵⁄₆	³⁄₂	0–4	¹¹⁄₁₂	2	0–5	¹⁷⁄₁₈	⁵⁄₂

Item		Amount	Probability
Item		Amount	Default	Looting I	Looting II	Looting III
	Leather	0	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₆ (16.67%)	¹⁄₁₂ (8.33%)	¹⁄₁₈ (5.56%)
		1	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₄ (25.00%)	¹⁄₆ (16.67%)
		2	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	⁵⁄₁₈ (27.78%)
		3	0	¹⁄₆ (16.67%)	¹⁄₄ (25.00%)	⁵⁄₁₈ (27.78%)
		4	0	0	¹⁄₁₂ (8.33%)	¹⁄₆ (16.67%)
		5	0	0	0	¹⁄₁₈ (5.56%)
		Average	1 (1.00)	³⁄₂ (1.50)	2 (2.00)	⁵⁄₂ (2.50)

Item		Expected Drops
Killed		1
Item		Default	Looting I	Looting II	Looting III
	Leather	1.00	1.50	2.00	2.50

Bedrock Edition:

Item		Quantity / Chance / Average
Item		Default			Looting I			Looting II			Looting III
	Leather	0–2	66.67%	1.00	0–3	66.67%	1.33	0–4	66.67%	1.67	0–5	66.67%	2.00

Item		Quantity / Chance / Average
Item		Default			Looting I			Looting II			Looting III
	Leather	0–2	²⁄₃	1	0–3	²⁄₃	⁴⁄₃	0–4	²⁄₃	⁵⁄₃	0–5	²⁄₃	2

Item		Amount	Probability
Item		Amount	Default	Looting I	Looting II	Looting III
	Leather	0	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)
		1	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₆ (16.67%)	¹⁄₁₂ (8.33%)	¹⁄₁₈ (5.56%)
		2	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₃ (33.33%)	¹⁄₄ (25.00%)	¹⁄₆ (16.67%)
		3	0	¹⁄₆ (16.67%)	¹⁄₄ (25.00%)	²⁄₉ (22.22%)
		4	0	0	¹⁄₁₂ (8.33%)	¹⁄₆ (16.67%)
		5	0	0	0	¹⁄₁₈ (5.56%)
		Average	1 (1.00)	⁴⁄₃ (1.33)	⁵⁄₃ (1.67)	2 (2.00)

Item		Expected Drops
Killed		1
Item		Default	Looting I	Looting II	Looting III
	Leather	1.00	1.33	1.67	2.00

Any equipped carpets and chest.
All items in their inventory.
1–3XP experience orbs if killed by a player or tamed wolf.

Like other baby animals, killing a baby trader llama yields no item or experience.

Behavior

Trader llamas are neutral, retaliating when it or the associated wandering trader is attacked by a player or mob. Sometimes their spit can miss their target and hit another (trader) llama, starting a fight within a group of (trader) llamas.

Trader llamas are hostile toward wolves and spit without provocation, but they don't attack tamed wolves unless provoked. Wolves are fearful of trader llamas of strength 4 or 5 and always run away, and won't attack unless provoked by their spit.^[1] Wolves flee from weaker trader llamas less often.

Trader llamas are also hostile towards zombies, husks, drowned, zombie villagers, pillagers, vindicators, evokers, and illusioners ‌^{[Java Edition only]}.

Trader llamas are completely passive on Peaceful difficulty.

Trader llamas float when in water deeper than one block.

Trader llamas can safely fall 6 blocks before they begin to accumulate fall damage, unlike most mobs, which can only safely fall 3 blocks. They also take half of the normal fall damage (rounded up) that most other mobs take (0.5HP × 0.25 damage per block over the safe distance instead of 1HP).

Trader llamas have a ¹⁄₉₀₀ chance to regenerate 1HP health point each game tick.^{[verify for Bedrock Edition]}

Unlike other neutral mobs, trader llamas don't count towards the AngryAt tag.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Spitting

Trader llamas attack other mobs by spitting at them, dealing 1HP damage. Trader llama spit is not flammable.

Taming

A trader llama lead by a wandering trader is untamable and cannot be ridden. It becomes tamable‌^{[JE only]} or immediately tamed‌^{[BE only]} and does not despawn once it is unleashed from the wandering trader.

Trader llamas can be tamed by repetitively riding them until hearts are displayed, done by pressing use on the llama while holding nothing. Tamed trader llamas do not despawn.

Taming success depends on the trader llama's Temper value. Temper is a positive trait, with higher values increasing the chance of successful taming. Llamas begin with a Temper value of 0 and a maximum of 30. When a player rides an untamed trader llama, a random number from 0 to 29 is chosen. The trader llama gets tamed successfully if this number is less than the Temper value, otherwise, the Temper is increased by 5 and the player is bucked off. Temper can also be increased by feeding the llama.

Tamed trader llamas do not spit at mobs that attack its owner, although it spits at any mob that attacks the llama. Tamed trader llamas can still retaliate at players should the player hit them.

Feeding a trader llama food can alter its behavior, increasing its temper value if untamed, restoring lost health or making a baby grow faster (babies ordinarily take around 20 minutes to mature to adults). The table below lists the effects of the 2 food items llamas accept.

A trader llama can be fed by holding a valid food item and pressing use while facing the llama. Llamas can be fed only when feeding would have an effect, similar to other animals. If the food is invalid, the player mounts the llama instead.

Food	Heals	Speeds growth by	Increases temper by	Notes
Wheat	2HP	10 sec (200 ticks)	+3
Hay Bale	10HP	1:30 min (1800 ticks)	+6	Activates love mode in tamed llamas.

Breeding

Adult tamed trader llamas can be bred by being fed a hay bale. The baby trader llama takes on the coat color of one parent at random. Its strength is chosen as a random integer between 1 and the strength of the stronger parent, inclusive. 3% of the time the resulting strength is increased by 1, but it is capped at 5.

When two trader llamas are bred, the offspring wears the same unique rug to all trader llamas.

Stronger parent's strength	Offspring's strength
Stronger parent's strength	1	2	3	4	5
1	97%	3%
2	48.5%	50%	1.5%
3	32.33%	33.33%	33.33%	1%
4	24.25%	25%	25%	25%	0.75%
5	19.4%	20%	20%	20%	20.6%

Select a row based on the stronger parent. The column shows the probability of the resulting offspring having a given strength.

A llama's base health (15HP × 7.5 to 30HP × 15) is calculated based on that of its parents, in the same way as a horse's.

Color variant of llamas is randomly selected between parents.

When breeding a trader llama with a normal llama the offspring will always be a normal llama.

Caravans

Trader llamas form a caravan when one of them is leashed by a player.

Leashing a trader llama signals up to 9 nearby llamas that are not already in a caravan to follow each other, forming a caravan of up to ten llamas. When multiple llamas are leashed, each leashed llama can form a separate caravan of up to ten separate llamas. Each caravan cannot have two or more leashed llamas in it, and there is no limit to the number of caravans a player can lead.

Storage

A tamed trader llama can be equipped with a chest by pressing the use control on it while holding a chest. The chest gives the trader llama 3 to 15 slots of inventory space, depending on its strength (see table below). Once equipped, its contents can be accessed by pressing the use control on the llama while sneaking, or by opening the inventory while riding the llama. The chest itself cannot be retrieved without killing the trader llama.

Strength distribution in wild llamas
Strength	Probability of spawning with that amount of strength	Number of slots in inventory
1	32.8%	3
2	32.8%	6
3	32.8%	9
4	0.8%	12
5	0.8%	15

Carpets

A trader llama can be equipped with a wool carpet in its carpet slot. Each carpet color shows as a different patterned rug when on the llama's back. This can be useful for color-coding the llamas as storage containers, like dyed shulker boxes. A trader llama that does not have a carpet wears a unique blue rug design. This design can be replaced with a carpet but never removed.

When given carpets, all types of (trader) llamas look the same, except for their fur colors. In Java Edition, a trader llama's carpet decoration remains visible when the llama is under the effect of Invisibility;^[5] in Bedrock Edition, it becomes invisible.

For the purposes of the /item command, a trader llama carries its carpet in the armor.body slot.

Despawning

Trader llamas often^{[more information needed]} despawn one tick before their trader does, because a trader llama has its DespawnDelay set to 47999 ticks. This value is decremented each tick that the llama is untamed, unleashed^{[more information needed]}, and not being ridden by a player, and is reset to one tick less than the trader's own DespawnDelay if leashed to a trader. The llama despawns when its DespawnDelay reaches zero ticks.

Sounds

Trader llamas share the same sound as normal llamas.

Java Edition:

v t e Sounds
Sound	Closed captions	Source	Description	Identifier	Translation key	Volume	Pitch	Attenuation distance
	Llama bleats	Friendly Mobs	Randomly	`entity.llama.ambient`	`subtitles.entity.llama.ambient`	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)	16
	Llama bleats angrily	Friendly Mobs	When a player is bucked off a llama or fails to interact with an untamed llama	`entity.llama.angry`	`subtitles.entity.llama.angry`	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)	16
	Llama Chest equips	Friendly Mobs	When a llama equips a chest	`entity.llama.chest`	`subtitles.entity.llama.chest`	1.0	0.8-1.2	16
	Llama dies	Friendly Mobs	When a llama dies	`entity.llama.death`	`subtitles.entity.llama.death`	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)	16
	Llama eats	Friendly Mobs	When a llama eats an item	`entity.llama.eat`	`subtitles.entity.llama.eat`	1.0	0.8-1.2	16
	Llama hurts	Friendly Mobs	When a llama is damaged	`entity.llama.hurt`	`subtitles.entity.llama.hurt`	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)	16
	Llama spits	Friendly Mobs	When a llama spits at something	`entity.llama.spit`	`subtitles.entity.llama.spit`	1.0	0.8-1.2	16
	Footsteps	Friendly Mobs	While a llama is walking	`entity.llama.step`	`subtitles.block.generic.footsteps`	0.15	1.0	16
	Llama is decorated	Friendly Mobs	When a llama equips a carpet	`entity.llama.swag`	`subtitles.entity.llama.swag`	0.5	1.0	16
	Carpet snips away	Friendly Mobs	When a carpet is removed with shears	`item.llama_carpet.unequip`	`subtitles.item.llama_carpet.unequip`	1.0	1.0	16

Bedrock Edition:

v t e Sounds
Sound	Closed captions ^{[upcoming: BE 26.0]}	Source	Description	Identifier	Translation key ^{[upcoming: BE 26.0]}	Volume	Pitch
	?	Friendly Mobs	Randomly	`mob.llama.idle`	?	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)
	?	Friendly Mobs	When a player is bucked off a llama	`mob.llama.angry`	?	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)
	?	Friendly Mobs	When a llama equips a chest	`mob.horse.armor`	?	1.0	0.8-1.2
	?	Friendly Mobs	When a llama dies	`mob.llama.death`	?	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)
	?	Friendly Mobs	When a llama eats an item	`mob.llama.eat`	?	0.5-1.5	0.8-1.2
	?	Friendly Mobs	When a llama is damaged	`mob.llama.hurt`	?	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)
	?	Friendly Mobs	When a llama spits at something	`mob.llama.spit`	?	0.8	0.8-1.2 (Baby: 1.3-1.7)
	?	Friendly Mobs	While a llama is walking	`mob.llama.step`	?	0.15	1.0
	?	Friendly Mobs	When a llama equips a carpet	`mob.llama.swag`	?	0.5	1.0
	?	Friendly Mobs	When a carpet is removed with shears	`mob.llama.carpet_unequip`	?	1.0	1.0

Data values

ID

Java Edition:

Name	Identifier	Entity tags	Translation key
Trader Llama	`trader_llama`	`dismounts_underwater`	`entity.minecraft.trader_llama`

Bedrock Edition:

Name	Identifier	Numeric ID	Family	Translation key
Trader Llama	`trader_llama`	`157`	`llama` `mob` `trader_llama`	`entity.trader_llama.name`

Entity data

Java Edition:

Llamas have entity data associated with them that contain various properties.

[NBT Compound / JSON Object] Entity data
- Additional fields for mobs that can breed see Template:Nbt inherit/breedable/template
- Tags common to all entities see Template:Nbt inherit/entity/template
- Tags common to all mobs see Template:Nbt inherit/mob/template
- [Byte] Bred: 1 or 0 (true/false) – Unknown. Remains 0 after breeding. If true, causes it to stay near other horses with this flag set.
- [Byte] EatingHaystack: 1 or 0 (true/false) – true if the mob is eating grass.
- [Int Array] Owner: The UUID of the entity that tamed the mob, stored as four ints. Has no effect on behavior. Does not exist if there is no owner.
- [Byte] Tame: 1 or 0 (true/false) – true if the mob is tamed.
- [Int] Temper: Ranges from 0 to 100; increases with feeding. Higher values make a mob easier to tame.
- [Byte] ChestedHorse: 1 or 0 (true/false) - true if the llama has chests.
- [Int] DespawnDelay: A timer for trader llamas to despawn, present only in trader_llama. The trader llama despawns when this value reaches 0.
- [NBT List / JSON Array] Items: List of items. Exists only if ChestedHorse is true.
  - [NBT Compound / JSON Object] An item, including the Slot tag.
    - An item see Template:Nbt inherit/item/template
- [Int] Strength: Ranges from 1 to 5, defaults to 3. Determines the number of items the llama can carry (items = 3 × strength). Also increases the tendency of wolves to run away when attacked by llama spit. Strengths 4 and 5 always causes a wolf to flee.
- [Int] Variant: The variant of the llama.

Variant	Numerical ID	Identifier
Creamy	`0`	`creamy`
White	`1`	`white`
Brown	`2`	`brown`
Gray	`3`	`gray`

Bedrock Edition:

See Bedrock Edition level format/Entity format.

Achievements


Icon		Achievement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)	Gamerscore earned	Trophy type (PS)
PS4	Other	Achievement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)	Gamerscore earned	Trophy type (PS)
		Cow Tipper	Harvest some leather.	Pick up leather from the ground or via fishing.	15	Bronze
		So I Got That Going for Me	Lead a Caravan containing at least 5 Llamas	—	20	Bronze
		It Spreads	Kill a mob next to a catalyst	Kill any mob that drops experience near a sculk catalyst, with the sole exception of the ender dragon. Mobs that drop no experience are ignored for this achievement.	10	Bronze

Achievements that apply to all mobs:


Icon		Achievement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)	Gamerscore earned	Trophy type (PS)
PS4	Other	Achievement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)	Gamerscore earned	Trophy type (PS)
		Overkill	Deal nine hearts of damage in a single hit.	Damage can be dealt to any mob, even those that do not have nine hearts of health overall.	30	Bronze
		Over-Overkill	Deal 50 hearts of damage in a single hit using the Mace	Damage can be dealt to any mob, even those that do not have 50 hearts of health overall.	20	Silver
		Mob Kabob	Hit five mobs in the same Charge attack using the Spear.	Armor stands and players also count for this achievement as they are technically mobs.	10	Bronze

Advancements

Breeding a pair of trader llamas is not required in order to complete the Two by Two advancement.^[6]

Advancement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)
Not Today, Thank You	Deflect a projectile with a Shield	Block any projectile with a shield.
It Spreads	Kill a mob near a Sculk Catalyst	Kill any mob that drops experience near a sculk catalyst, with the sole exception of the ender dragon. Mobs that drop no experience are ignored for this advancement.
The Parrots and the Bats	Breed two animals together	Breed a pair of any of these 27 animals: Armadillo Axolotl Bee Camel Cat Chicken Cow Donkey Fox Frog Goat Hoglin Horse Llama Mooshroom Mule Nautilus Ocelot Panda Pig Rabbit Sheep Sniffer Strider Trader Llama Turtle Wolf A mule must be the result of breeding a horse and a donkey for this advancement as they are not breedable together. Other breedable mobs are ignored for this advancement.
Best Friends Forever	Tame an animal	Tame one of these 11 tameable animals: Cat Donkey Horse Llama Mule Nautilus Parrot Trader Llama Wolf Zombie Horse Zombie Nautilus Skeleton Horse can be tamed in the same way as a regular horse to gain this advancement with the ride command.

Advancements that apply to all mobs:

Advancement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)
Adventure	Adventure, exploration and combat	Kill any mob, or be killed by any living entity.
A Throwaway Joke	Throw a Trident at something. Note: Throwing away your only weapon is not a good idea.	Hit a mob with a thrown trident.
Take Aim	Shoot something with an Arrow	Using a bow or a crossbow, shoot a mob with an arrow, tipped arrow, or spectral arrow.
Mob Kabob	Hit five mobs in the same Charge attack using the Spear.	Armor Stand and Mannequin also count for this advancement.
Arbalistic	Kill five unique mobs with one crossbow shot	Armor Stand and Mannequin also count for this advancement. This is a hidden advancement, meaning that it can be viewed by the player only after completing it, regardless of if its child advancement(s), if any, have been completed.
Over-Overkill	Deal 50 hearts of damage in a single hit using the Mace	Damage can be dealt to any mob, even those that do not have 50 hearts of health overall.

History

Java Edition

Java Edition
1.14	19w05a	Added trader llamas, which spawn with wandering traders.
1.16	20w10a	Firework damage now provokes trader llamas.^[7]
1.16	20w15a	Dispensers can now put carpets and chests on tamed trader llamas.
1.17	21w20a	Trader llamas no longer spit at players on Peaceful difficulty.
1.18	experimental snapshot 6	Trader llamas now follow players that are holding hay bales.
1.19	22w17a	Changed all variants' chest texture, to use the chest texture since the texture update.
1.19.4	23w07a	The health of a baby is now a variation of the average of the parents' attributes, rather than being biased toward the average possible value.
1.21.2	24w35a	Trader Llamas will now attack zombies, drowned, husks, zombie villagers and illagers.^[8]
1.21.2	pre1	Carpets now show the enchantment glint on trader llamas when enchanted.
1.21.6	25w20a	Carpets can now be removed from trader llamas using shears.
1.21.6	pre1	Trader llamas in carpets now emits a vibration frequency of 6, along with the Unequip frequency of 4 from the sculk shrieker.
1.21.11	25w46a	Trader llamas no longer panic if controlled by other mobs.
Upcoming Java Edition
26.1	snap6	The model and texture of baby trader llamas have been changed.

Bedrock Edition

Bedrock Edition
1.10.0	beta 1.10.0.3	Added trader llamas, which spawn with wandering traders.
1.11.0	beta 1.11.0.3	Trader llamas are now hostile to mobs that attack wandering traders.
		Trader llamas now always spawn as adult llamas.
		Trader llamas can no longer breed.
1.19.10	Preview 1.19.10.20	Trader llamas are now separate from a normal llama.
1.19.10	Preview 1.19.10.20	Trader llamas now have their own spawn egg.
?		Trader llamas can be bred and have a baby variant again.
1.20.10	Preview 1.20.10.20	Trader llamas now follow players that are holding hay bales.
1.21.90	Preview 1.21.90.25	Carpets can now be removed from llamas using shears.
1.21.90	Preview 1.21.90.26	A sound now plays when removing a carpet from an llama using shears.
Upcoming Bedrock Edition
26.10	Preview 26.10.21	The model and texture of baby trader llamas have been changed.

PlayStation 4 Edition

PlayStation 4 Edition
1.91							Added trader llamas, which spawn with wandering traders.

Data History

Java Edition
1.20.5			24w05a				Replaced [NBT Compound / JSON Object] DecorItem tag with [NBT Compound / JSON Object] body_armor_item.

Issues

Issues relating to "Trader Llama" are maintained on the bug tracker. Issues should be reported and viewed there.

Trivia

The trader llama LEGO BrickHeadz figure is the 200th produced.^[9]

Gallery

Renders

Show all renders

Screenshots

A pair of trader llamas following a wandering trader.
A tamed trader llama in an early Survival mode house.

Textures

Trader llama overlay texture file.

In other media

Trader llamas in promotional artwork for the first Caves & Cliffs update.
Lego Minecraft Trader Llama.
The Lego BrickHeadz Trader Llama figure.
Promotional artwork for the Trader Llama, Alex, and Zombie BrickHeadz.
A comparison between the in-game and Lego BrickHeadz renditions of a Trader llama.
Animated trader llama artwork.
Fan created render of an early version of the trader llama based on an image from Meet the Wandering Trader article.

References

↑ MC-107643 — Wolf is indecisive around llamas while hostile toward the llama. — resolved as "Works As Intended".
↑ MC-256289 — AngryAt tag is not used by certain neutral mobs, causing them to forget their target upon reloading game
↑ MC-195278 — If the "universalAnger" is set to true, certain neutral mobs don't fight back when you attack them
↑ MC-187857 — New neutral mob behaviour improvements were not implemented for llamas, dolphins, and spiders in the daylight
↑ MC-110423 — Invisibility effect don't affect the second layer skins of stray and llama — resolved as "Works As Intended".
↑ MC-156937 — Trader llamas don't count as llamas for the 'Two by Two' advancement
↑ MC-111498 — Fireworks and water bottles damage don't make neutral mobs angry or hostile — resolved as "Fixed".
↑ Trader Llamas don't attack zombies, drowned, husks, zombie villager and illagers — Fixed
↑ "The 200th BrickHead is…the Minecraft Llama! Get yours now! 🦙 ➡️ http://lego.com/brickheadz #BrickHeadz #LEGOMinecraft" – @Minecraft (Minecraft) on X (formerly Twitter), April 14, 2023

Navigation

[1] MC-107643 — Wolf is indecisive around llamas while hostile toward the llama. — resolved as "Works As Intended".

[2] MC-256289 — AngryAt tag is not used by certain neutral mobs, causing them to forget their target upon reloading game

[3] MC-195278 — If the "universalAnger" is set to true, certain neutral mobs don't fight back when you attack them

[4] MC-187857 — New neutral mob behaviour improvements were not implemented for llamas, dolphins, and spiders in the daylight

[5] MC-110423 — Invisibility effect don't affect the second layer skins of stray and llama — resolved as "Works As Intended".

[6] MC-156937 — Trader llamas don't count as llamas for the 'Two by Two' advancement

[7] MC-111498 — Fireworks and water bottles damage don't make neutral mobs angry or hostile — resolved as "Fixed".

[8] Trader Llamas don't attack zombies, drowned, husks, zombie villager and illagers — Fixed

[9] "The 200th BrickHead is…the Minecraft Llama! Get yours now! 🦙 ➡️ http://lego.com/brickheadz #BrickHeadz #LEGOMinecraft" – @Minecraft (Minecraft) on X (formerly Twitter), April 14, 2023

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]